Mishkat al-Masabih 81

Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of God said, “Adam and Moses disputed before their Lord, and Adam prevailed over Moses in argument. Moses said, ‘You are Adam, whom God created with His hand, breathed into him of His spirit, caused His angels to prostrate to you, and settled in His Garden; then through your sin you brought people down to earth.’ Adam replied, ‘You are Moses, whom God chose for His message and speech, gave the tablets on which was an explanation of everything, and brought near in intimate conversation. How many years before my creation did you find that God had written the Torah?’ Moses said, ‘Forty years.’ Adam said, ‘Did you find in it, “Adam disobeyed his Lord and went astray”?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ Adam said, ‘Do you blame me for doing an act that God had decreed I would do forty years before He created me?’”

The Messenger of God said, “Thus Adam prevailed over Moses in argument.” Muslim transmitted it.