He said that when God’s messenger fasted on the day of ‘Ashura’ and commanded that it should be observed as a fast, he was told it was a day held in honour by Jews and Christians, and said, “If I am spared till next year I shall fast on the ninth.” Muslim transmitted it.
The Virtue of 'Ashura' Fasting
The hadith from Mishkat al-Masabih 2041 establishes the great merit of fasting on the day of 'Ashura', which is the tenth of Muharram. The Prophet initially commanded its observance, recognizing its spiritual significance.
Distinguishing from People of the Book
When informed that Jews and Christians also honored this day, the Prophet demonstrated the Islamic principle of distinguishing our worship from that of other religions. This reflects the wisdom of maintaining unique Islamic identity in devotional practices.
The Wisdom of Fasting the Ninth
The Prophet's intention to fast the ninth day along with the tenth shows the recommended practice of adding a day before 'Ashura'. Scholars explain this either distinguishes Muslims from Jews who fast only the tenth, or provides precaution in case of lunar calendar miscalculation.
Divine Planning and Human Limitation
The phrase "If I am spared till next year" reminds us of human mortality and submission to Divine decree. The Prophet's passing before implementing this intention teaches that Allah's wisdom transcends our plans, and what matters is sincere intention.