Abu Dharr reported God’s messenger as saying, “When you fast three days in the month, Abu Dharr, fast on the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth.” Tirmidhi and Nasa'i transmitted it.
Exposition of the Hadith on Fasting the White Days
This noble tradition from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) establishes the recommended practice of fasting the "Ayyām al-Bīḍ" (White Days) - the 13th, 14th, and 15th of each lunar month. These days are so named because the moon is at its fullest brightness during this period.
Spiritual Wisdom Behind These Specific Days
The selection of these three days is divinely inspired wisdom. The middle days of the lunar month correspond with the full moon, symbolizing spiritual illumination and divine light. Just as the moon reaches its peak radiance, the believer's soul may attain greater luminosity through these voluntary acts of worship.
Fasting during these days combines the spiritual benefits of fasting with the celestial blessings of these luminous nights, creating a powerful means of drawing nearer to Allah.
Juridical Status and Spiritual Merit
This fasting is classified as "Sunnah Mu'akkadah" (emphasized tradition) according to the majority of scholars. While not obligatory, its consistent practice yields immense spiritual rewards.
The Prophet's specific instruction to Abu Dharr demonstrates his compassionate guidance, making worship accessible to all believers, not just the spiritual elite who might undertake more rigorous fasting regimens.
Practical Implementation
Scholars note that if one misses fasting on these exact days, they may make them up on subsequent days. However, the full spiritual benefit is attained by observing them on their designated dates.
This practice serves as continuous spiritual training throughout the year, keeping the believer connected to worship beyond the obligatory fast of Ramadan.