Mishkat al-Masabih
Mishkat al-Masabih 1068
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «من سمع الْمُنَادِي فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ مِنِ اتِّبَاعِهِ عُذْرٌ» قَالُوا وَمَا الْعُذْرُ؟ قَالَ: «خَوْفٌ أَوْ مَرَضٌ لَمْ تُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي صَلَّى» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالدَّارَقُطْنِيّ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ibn ʿAbbas reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever hears the caller to prayer and has no excuse preventing him from joining him”—they asked, “What is an excuse?” He replied, “Fear or illness”—the prayer he performs [alone] will not be accepted from him. Abu Dawud and al-Daraqutni transmitted it.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic identifies fear or illness as the excuse. The bracketed “[alone]” makes explicit the implication of not joining the congregation.