‘Abd ar-Rahman b. Samura told that God’s Messenger said to him, “Do not ask for the position of commander, for if you are given it after asking you will be left to discharge it yourself; but if you are given it without asking you will be helped to discharge it.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
The Offices of Commander and Qadi - Mishkat al-Masabih 3680
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. This noble hadith from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) contains profound wisdom regarding leadership positions in Islamic governance.
The Prohibition of Seeking Authority
The Messenger of Allah explicitly forbade seeking positions of command and authority. This prohibition stems from the understanding that leadership in Islam is an amanah (trust) and heavy responsibility rather than an honor or means of worldly gain.
Scholars explain that when one actively pursues authority, it indicates potential deficiencies in intention - perhaps seeking status, power, or worldly benefits rather than sincere service to the community and fulfillment of divine trust.
Divine Assistance in Leadership
The hadith distinguishes between two scenarios: seeking authority versus being appointed without request. When appointed without asking, one receives divine assistance (tawfiq) to properly discharge duties. This heavenly help includes wisdom, sound judgment, and capacity to bear responsibilities.
Conversely, those who seek positions are "left to themselves" - meaning they must rely solely on their own capabilities without special divine support. This often leads to failure, injustice, or inability to properly fulfill responsibilities.
Scholarly Interpretations
Imam an-Nawawi explains this indicates the virtue of avoiding leadership unless compelled by necessity. The righteous predecessors feared leadership positions knowing their gravity.
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani notes this applies particularly when qualified individuals are available. If no competent person exists and the community needs leadership, then accepting responsibility becomes obligatory despite not seeking it.
This teaching aims to purify intentions and ensure leaders serve the people rather than their personal interests, maintaining the Islamic principle that leadership is service, not privilege.