(i) Then be (the Messenger of Allah) said with his hands one upon the other: Kill them (who stand in your way).... (ii) They (the Ansar) replied: We said so, Messenger of Allah! He said: What is my name? I am but Allah's bondman and His Messenger.
Context and Background
This narration from Sahih Muslim 1780 b pertains to the Battle of Hunayn when the Muslim forces faced initial setback. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) demonstrated both firmness in command and profound humility in response to the companions' enthusiasm.
Scholarly Commentary on the First Part
When the Prophet said "Kill them" with his hands one upon the other, scholars explain this as a specific military command for that particular battle situation, not a general ruling. Classical commentators like Imam Nawawi clarify this gesture indicated determination and focus against the attacking forces who sought to destroy the Muslim community.
This command was contextual - applying only to combatants actively fighting against Muslims during warfare. Islamic law strictly regulates combat, prohibiting harm to non-combatants, women, children, monks, and those who surrender.
Scholarly Commentary on the Second Part
The Prophet's response "What is my name? I am but Allah's bondman and His Messenger" demonstrates the essence of prophetic character. Scholars emphasize this teaches Muslims, especially leaders, to maintain humility despite positions of authority.
Imam Qurtubi notes that this statement corrected any potential exaggeration in the companions' reverence while affirming the Prophet's true status as Allah's servant and messenger. This balance prevents both underestimation and overestimation of prophetic status.
Legal and Spiritual Implications
Classical scholars derive from this hadith important principles: military commands are situation-specific, leaders must combine firmness with humility, and proper understanding of jihad requires balanced scholarship that considers both the rights of Muslims and the rights of others according to Islamic law.