The Book of Jihad and Expeditions

Aisha reported: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died, his wives intended to send Uthman ibn Affan to Abu Bakr to ask for their inheritance from the Prophet. Aisha said to them: Did the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) not say: We are not inherited from; whatever we leave is charity?

Abu Huraira reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: We are not inherited from; whatever we leave is charity.

Umar ibn al-Khattab reported: On the day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) looked at the polytheists, who numbered one thousand, while his Companions numbered three hundred and nineteen. The Prophet faced the qibla, stretched out his hands, and called upon Allah: O Allah, fulfill for me what You promised. O Allah, grant me what You promised. O Allah, if this group of Muslims is destroyed, You will not be worshipped on earth. He continued supplicating with his hands raised toward the qibla until his cloak slipped from his shoulders. Abu Bakr came, picked it up, placed it back on his shoulders, and embraced him from behind, saying: Prophet of Allah, your earnest appeal to your Lord is enough; He will surely fulfill what He promised you. Then Allah revealed: When you sought your Lord help, He answered you: I will reinforce you with a thousand angels, one after another. Allah reinforced him with angels. Abu Zumayl said: Ibn Abbas related to me that a Muslim was chasing a polytheist on that day and heard the crack of a whip above him and a rider calling: Charge, Hayzum! He looked at the polytheist ahead of him, who had fallen on his back. His nose was struck and his face split, as if by a whip, and all of it had turned green. The Ansari came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him. He said: You have spoken the truth. That was help from the third heaven. That day they killed seventy and captured seventy. Abu Zumayl said: Ibn Abbas related that after the prisoners were captured, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked Abu Bakr and Umar: What do you think about these prisoners? Abu Bakr said: They are our cousins and kin. I think you should take ransom from them, which will strengthen us against the disbelievers; perhaps Allah will guide them to Islam. The Messenger of Allah said: What do you think, Ibn al-Khattab? I said: By Allah, I do not share the view of Abu Bakr. Give them into our hands so we can strike their necks. Give Ali his relative Aqil so he can strike his neck, and give me a relative of mine so I can strike his neck. These are the leaders and chiefs of disbelief. The Messenger of Allah favored Abu Bakr view and did not favor mine. The next day I came and found the Messenger of Allah and Abu Bakr sitting and weeping. I said: Messenger of Allah, tell me why you and your companion are crying. If I find reason to cry, I will cry with you; if not, I will pretend to cry because you are crying. The Messenger of Allah said: I am weeping over the ransom your companions chose to take. Their punishment was shown to me, as near as that tree. Then Allah revealed: It is not for a prophet to take captives until he has thoroughly subdued the enemy in the land ... through the words: So consume what you have taken as spoils, lawful and good. Thus Allah made the spoils lawful for them.

Abu Huraira reported: While we were in the mosque, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came out to us and said: Let us go to the Jews. We went with him until we reached them. The Messenger of Allah stood and called out: O assembly of Jews, accept Islam and be safe. They said: You have conveyed the message, Abu al-Qasim. He said: That is what I want; accept Islam and be safe. They replied: You have conveyed the message, Abu al-Qasim. He repeated this a third time and said: Know that the land belongs to Allah and His Messenger, and I intend to expel you from this land. Whoever among you has property should sell it; otherwise, know that the land belongs to Allah and His Messenger.