Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade on the Day of Victory to contract temporary marriage with women.
The Book of Marriage - Sahih Muslim 1406 i
This narration from Rabi' b. Sabra from his father establishes the prohibition of temporary marriage (mut'ah) in Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) explicitly forbade this practice on the Day of Victory (the conquest of Mecca), marking a definitive abrogation of what was previously permitted during early Islamic history.
Scholarly Commentary
The prohibition of mut'ah marriage represents a fundamental distinction between Islamic marriage and temporary arrangements. Classical scholars emphasize that marriage in Islam must be founded upon permanence, responsibility, and clear lineage establishment.
The timing of this prohibition during the Conquest of Mecca carries significant weight, as it occurred when Islam became firmly established in Arabia, indicating the completion of marital legislation.
Major schools of Islamic jurisprudence unanimously agree on the impermissibility of temporary marriage after this prohibition, considering any such contract invalid and the relationship impermissible.
Legal Implications
A valid Islamic marriage requires: clear proposal and acceptance, specified mahr (dower), witnesses, and the intention of permanence. Temporary marriage lacks this essential element of permanence and is therefore void.
Children born from such temporary arrangements would not have established lineage (nasab) in the classical understanding, though contemporary scholars differ on protective measures for children's rights in such circumstances.