The Book of Marriage

كتاب النكاح

Chapter 1: Marriage is recommended for the one who desires it and can afford it, and the one who cannot afford it should distract himself by fasting

'Alqama reported

While I was walking with 'Abdullah at Mina, 'Uthman happened to meet him. He stopped there and began to talk with him. Uthman said to him: Abu 'Abd al-Rahman, should we not marry you to a young girl who may recall to you some of the past of your bygone days; thereupon he said: If you say so, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: 0 young men, those among you who can support a wife should marry, for it restrains eyes from casting (evil glances). and preserves one from immorality; but those who cannot should devote themselves to fasting for it is a means of controlling sexual desire.

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Chapter 1: Marriage is recommended for the one who desires it and can afford it, and the one who cannot afford it should distract himself by fasting

Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas (Allah be pleased with him) reported

The Messengger of Allah (ﷺ) rejected (the idea) of Uthman b. Muz'unliving in celibacy (saying): And if he (the Holy Prophet) had given me permission We would have got ourselves castrated.

Chapter 2: Recommendation to the one who sees a woman and is attracted to her, to go to his wife or slave woman and have intercourse with her

Jabir reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw a woman, and so he came to his wife, Zainab, as she was tanning a leather and had sexual intercourse with her. He then went to his Companions and told them

The woman advances and retires in the shape of a devil, so when one of you sees a woman, he should come to his wife, for that will repel what he feels in his heart.

Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) saw a woman; and the rest of the hadith was narrated but (with this exception) that he said he came to his wife Zainab, who was tanning a (piece of) leather, and he made no mention of

" She retires in the shape of satan."

Jabir heard Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) say

When a woman fascinates any one of you and she captivates his heart, he should go to his wife and have an intercourse with her, for it would repel what he feels.

Chapter 3: Mut'ah Marriage: It was permitted then abrograted, then permitted then abrogated, and it will remain Forbidden until the day of resurrection

Jabir b. 'Abdullah and Salama b. al-Akwa' said

There came to us the proclaimer of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) has granted you permission to benefit yourselves, i. e. to contract temporary marriage with women.

Iyas b. Salama reported on the authority of his father that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave sanction for contracting temporary marriage for three nights in the year of Autas 1847 and then forbade it.

Sabra al-Juhani reported on the authority of his father that while he was with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) he said

O people, I had permitted you to contract temporary marriage with women, but Allah has forbidden it (now) until the Day of Resurrection. So he who has any (woman with this type of marriage contract) he should let her off, and do not take back anything you have given to them (as dower).

Rabi' b. Sabra reported on the authority of his father that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) prohibited the contracting of temporary marriage.

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Rabi' b. Sabra that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade to contract temporary marriage with women at the time of Victory, and that his father had contracted the marriage for two red cloaks.

'Urwa b. Zabair reported that 'Abdullah b. Zubair (Allah be pleased with him) stood up (and delivered an address) in Mecca saying

Allah has made blind the hearts of some people as He has deprived them of eyesight that they give religious verdict in favour of temporary marriage, while he was alluding to a person (Ibn 'Abbas). Ibn Abbas called him and said: You are an uncouth person, devoid of sense. By my life, Mut'a was practised during the lifetime of the leader of the pious (he meant Allah's Messenger, may peace be upon him), and Ibn Zubair said to him: just do it yourselves, and by Allah, if you do that I will stone you with your stones. Ibn Shihab said. Khalid b. Muhajir b. Saifullah informed me: While I was sitting in the company of a person, a person came to him and he asked for a religious verdict about Mut'a and he permitted him to do it. Ibn Abu 'Amrah al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Be gentle. It was permitted in- the early days of Islam, (for one) who was driven to it under the stress of necessity just as (the eating of) carrion and the blood and flesh of swine and then Allah intensified (the commands of) His religion and prohibited it (altogether). Ibn Shihab reported: Rabi' b. Sabra told me that his father (Sabra) said: I contracted temporary marriage with a woman of Banu 'Amir for two cloaks during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ; then he forbade us to do Mut'a. Ibn Shihab said: I heard Rabi' b. Sabra narrating it to Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz and I was sitting there.

Malik narrated this hadith on the authority of the same chain of trans- witters that 'Ali b. Abil Talib said to a person

You are a person led astray; Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade us (to do Mut'a), as is stated In the hadith transmitted on the authority of Yahya b. Malik.

Muhammad b. 'Ali narrated on the authority of his father 'Ali that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited for ever the contracting of temporary marriage and eating of the flesh of the domestic asses.

'Ali (Allah be pleased with him) heard that Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) gave some relaxation in connection with the contracting of temporary marriage, whereupon he said

Don't be hasty (in your religious verdict), Ibn 'Abbas, for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on the Day of Khaibar prohibited that forever - along with the eating of flesh of domestic asses.

Chapter 4: The prohibition of being married to a woman and her paternal aunt or maternal aunt at the same time

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace upon him) having said this

One should not combine a woman and her father's sister, nor a woman and her mother's sister in marriage.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade a person to combine in marriage a womanarid her father's sister, and a woman and her mother's sister. Ibn Shihab said

So we regarded the paternal aunt of her (wife's) father and the maternal aunt of her (wife's) father at the same level.

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) through another chain of transmitters.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade to combine a woman and her father's sister, and a woman and her mother's sister.

A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of Amr b. Dinar