حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ زِيَادٍ - حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ، قَالَ دَخَلَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ الْمَسْجِدَ بَعْدَ صَلاَةِ الْمَغْرِبِ فَقَعَدَ وَحْدَهُ فَقَعَدْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏"‏ مَنْ صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَامَ نِصْفَ اللَّيْلِ وَمَنْ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ فَكَأَنَّمَا صَلَّى اللَّيْلَ كُلَّهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
Translation
'Abd al-Rahman b. Abd 'Amr reported

'Uthman b. 'Affan (narrated the mosque after evening prayer and sat alone. I also sat alone with him, so he said: 0, son of my brother, I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: He who observed the 'Isha' prayer in congregation, it was as if he prayed up to midnight, and he who prayed the morning prayer in congregation, it was as if he prayed the whole night.

Comment

Hadith Text and Context

Narrated 'Uthman b. 'Affan: After the evening prayer, he sat alone in the mosque. I also sat alone with him, so he said: O son of my brother, I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: He who observed the 'Isha' prayer in congregation, it was as if he prayed up to midnight, and he who prayed the morning prayer in congregation, it was as if he prayed the whole night.

Scholarly Commentary

This noble hadith from Sahih Muslim highlights the immense spiritual reward for performing these two prayers in congregation. The 'Isha' prayer in jama'ah is equated to praying half the night, while the Fajr prayer in congregation is equated to praying the entire night. This demonstrates the superiority of congregational prayer over individual prayer.

The setting is significant - 'Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) sitting alone in the mosque after Maghrib, choosing solitude for reflection and teaching. His addressing the narrator as "son of my brother" shows his gentle mentorship and concern for transmitting prophetic knowledge to the next generation.

Spiritual Benefits

The comparison to night prayer (Qiyam al-Layl) emphasizes the high status of these congregational prayers. While the literal time spent is brief, the spiritual reward is magnified to equal prolonged worship. This encourages Muslims to prioritize mosque attendance, especially for these two prayers which people might neglect due to sleep or other engagements.

Scholars note that this reward applies specifically to congregation in the mosque, highlighting the importance of community worship and the special blessings of the mosque environment mentioned throughout The Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer.

Practical Implementation

This hadith serves as strong motivation for Muslims to establish the habit of praying 'Isha and Fajr in congregation at the mosque. Even when difficult due to weather, fatigue, or other circumstances, remembering this immense reward helps overcome these challenges.

The narration also teaches the importance of seeking knowledge in sacred spaces and the value of one-on-one mentorship in Islamic education, as demonstrated by 'Uthman's personal instruction in the mosque after prayers.