When the concluding verses of Sura Baqara pertaining to Riba were revealed, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went out to the mosque and he forbade the trade in wine.
The Book of Musaqah - Sahih Muslim 1580 b
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. All praise is to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon His final Messenger Muhammad.
This narration from Sahih Muslim demonstrates the comprehensive nature of Islamic legislation. When the verses prohibiting riba (usury/interest) were revealed in Surah Al-Baqarah, the Prophet (ﷺ) immediately acted to remove all avenues leading to this grave sin. The prohibition of wine trade, though seemingly unrelated, is connected in wisdom - both involve unlawful gain and corruption in society.
The scholars explain that just as riba corrupts economic transactions, intoxicants corrupt the intellect. By prohibiting the trade in wine simultaneously with the prohibition of riba, the Prophet (ﷺ) taught us that purification of wealth must accompany purification of one's state of being. This reflects the holistic approach of Islam in reforming both individual conduct and societal transactions.
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) noted that when a major prohibition is revealed, the Shari'ah often closes all paths leading to it. Thus, the prohibition of wine trade complements the prohibition of riba, as both are means of corruption that Allah wishes to eliminate from the Muslim community.