Don't have estranged relations (with the others) and don't nurse enmity and don't enter into a transaction when the other (has already entered) and be fellow-brothers and servants of Allah.
The Book of Virtue, Enjoining Good Manners, and Joining of the Ties of Kinship
Sahih Muslim - Hadith 2563b
Hadith Text
"Don't have estranged relations (with the others) and don't nurse enmity and don't enter into a transaction when the other (has already entered) and be fellow-brothers and servants of Allah."
Commentary on Prohibition of Estrangement
The command to avoid estranged relations (tabāʿud) refers to cutting off ties with fellow Muslims. Scholars explain this as prohibiting sulking or avoiding interaction with a Muslim brother for more than three days without legitimate religious reason. This duration is derived from other authentic narrations. Estrangement weakens the fabric of Muslim society and contradicts the spirit of brotherhood Islam seeks to establish.
Commentary on Prohibition of Enmity
The prohibition against nursing enmity (tahāsud) refers to harboring hatred and malice in the heart. Scholars emphasize that this internal state inevitably manifests in harmful actions and speech. The believer must purify their heart from such destructive emotions, as they contradict the Islamic virtues of forgiveness, mercy, and seeking reconciliation. Enmity prevents the heart from attaining the tranquility that comes with sincere brotherhood.
Commentary on Commercial Ethics
The prohibition against entering a transaction when another has already entered (tanājash) refers to the practice of najash - artificially inflating prices by fake bidding without intention to purchase. Scholars classify this as a major deception in commercial transactions, invalidating the sale's blessings and creating distrust in markets. This prohibition establishes the Islamic principle of transparency and honesty in all business dealings.
Commentary on Universal Brotherhood
The command to be fellow-brothers establishes the fundamental principle of Islamic brotherhood (ukhuwwah) that transcends tribal, racial, and national divisions. Scholars explain this brotherhood is based on shared faith and requires mutual love, compassion, and support. The concluding phrase "servants of Allah" reminds believers that this brotherhood finds its ultimate meaning in our shared servitude to Allah, making these commands religious obligations rather than mere social recommendations.