The Book of Fasting

كتاب الصيام

Chapter 66: If a person did not form the intention of fasting from the night before, can he observe a voluntary fast that day?

It was narrated that Yazid said

"Salamah told us that the Messenger of Allah said to a man: 'Announce the day of Ashura. Whoever has eaten let him not eat for the rest of the day, and whoever has not eaten, let him fast."'

Chapter 67: The intention to fast, and the differences reported from Talhah bin Yahya in the narration of 'Aishah about it

It was narrated that 'Aishah said

"The Messenger of Allah passed by my door. He said: 'Do you have anything (to eat)?' I said 'I do not have anything.' He said 'Then I am fasting.' Then he passed by my door a second time and we had been given some Hais. I brought it to him and he ate, and I was surprised. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you were fasting, then you ate Hais.' He said: 'Yes, O 'Aishah. The one who observes a fast other than in Ramadan, or making up a missed Ramadan, fast, is like a man who allocated some of is wealth to give in charity; if he wishes he may go ahead and give it, and if he wishes he may keep it."'

It was narrated that 'Aishah said the Messenger of Allah would come and say

"Do you have any food for breakfast?" and we would say no, so he would say: "I am fasting." One day he came to us and we had been given some Hais. He said: "Do you have anything (to eat)?" and we said: "Yes, we have been given some Hais." He said: "I started the day wanting to fast," but then he ate.

Chapter 68: Mentioning the Differences Narrated by those who Reported the Narration from Hafsah concerning that

It was narrated from Hafsah that the Prophet said

"Whoever does not have the intention of fasting before dawn, then there is no fast for him." (Daif)

It was narrated from Hafsah that

"There is no fast for one who does not intend (to fast) before dawn."

It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said

"If a man does not intend to fast from the night before, he should not fast."

Chapter 70: The fast of the Prophet

It was narrated that 'Aishah said

"The Messenger of Allah used to fast until we said: 'He does not want to break his fast.' And he used not to fast until we said: 'He does not want to fast."'

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin Shaqiq said

"I asked 'Aishah about the fasting of the Messenger of Allah. She said: "The Messenger of Allah used to fast until we said: He is going to (continue to) fast, and he used not to fast until we said: He is not going to, and he did not fast for a whole month from the time he came to Al-Madinah, apart from Ramadan."'

It was narrated that 'Aishah said

"The Messenger of Allah used to fast until we said: 'He will not break his fast.' And he used not to fast until we said: 'He will not fast.' And I never saw the Messenger of Allah fast more in any month than in Shaban."

It was narrated that 'Aishah said

"The Messenger of Allah used to be keen to fast on Mondays and Thursday."

It was narrated that 'Aishah said

"The Messenger of Allah used to be keen to fast on Mondays and Thursday."

It was narrated that Hafsah said

"The Messenger of Allah used to fast Thursday and Monday of each month, and Monday of the following week."

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin Masud said

"The Messenger of Allah used to fast three days in the middle of every month, and he rarely did not fast on Friday."

Chapter 71: Mentioning the Differences Reported form Ata' in the Narrations about that

'Ata said

"someone who heard him told me that Ibn 'Umar (said) that the Prophet said: 'Whoever fasts every day of his life, then he has not fasted."

Chapter 72: The Prohibition of fasting for a lifetime, and mentioning the differences reported from Mutarrif Bin 'Abdullah In The Narrations About It

It was narrated that 'Imran said

"It was said: 'O Messenger of Allah, so and so never broke his fast, even for one day for the rest of his life.' He said: 'He has neither fasted nor broken his fast."" 'Ata said: "someone who heard him told me that Ibn 'Umar (said) that the Prophet said: 'Whoever fasts every day of his life, then he has not fasted."

It was narrated from Mutarrif bin 'Abdullah bin 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir

"My father told me that he heard the Messenger of Allah say, when mention was made in his presence of a man who fasted for the rest of his life: 'He neither fasted nor broke his fast."' 'Ata said: "someone who heard him told me that Ibn 'Umar (said) that the Prophet said: 'Whoever fasts every day of his life, then he has not fasted."

Chapter 76: Fasting one day, and not fasting one day, and the difference in the wording of the transmitters Of The Narration Of 'Abdullah Bin 'Amr About It

It was narrated that 'Abdullah said

"The Messenger of Allah entered my apartment and said: "I have been told that you stand all night (in prayer) and fast all day.' I said: 'Yes (I do).' He said: 'Do not do that. Sleep and stand (in prayer); fast and break your fast. For your eyes have a right over you, your body has a right over you, your body has a right over you, your wife has a right over you, your guest has a right over you, and your friend has a right over you. I hope that you will have a long life and that it will be sufficient for you to fast three days of each month. That is fasting for a lifetime, because a good deed is equal to ten like it.' I said : 'I feel able to do more.' I was strict, so I was dealt with strictly. He said: 'Fast three days each week.' I said: 'I am ableto do more thtn that; I was strict, so I was dealt with strictly. He said: 'Observe the fast of the Prophet of Allah, Dawud, peace be upon him. I said: 'What was the fast of Dawud?' he said: 'Half of a lifetime."' 'Ata said: "someone who heard him told me that Ibn 'Umar (said) that the Prophet said: 'Whoever fasts every day of his life, then he has not fasted."

Chapter 7: The People Of Different Lands Differing In Sighting (The Moon)

Kuraib narrated that Umm Al-Fadl sent him to Muawiyah in Ash-Sham. He said

"I came to Ash-Sham. He said: "I came to Ash-Sham and complete her errand. Then the new crescent of Ramadan was sighted while I was in Ash-Sham. I saw the new crescent on the night of Friday, then I came to Al-Madinah at the end of the month. 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas asked me about the sighting of the moon and said: ' When did you see it?' I said: 'We saw it on the night of Friday.' He said; 'You saw it on the ninth of Friday?' I said: 'Yes, and the people saw it and started fasting, and so did Muawiyah. He said: 'But we saw it on the night of Saturday, so we will continue fasting until we have completed thirty days or we see it.' I said: 'Will you not be content with the sighting of Muawiyah and his companions? He said; 'No; this is what the Messenger of Allah enjoined upon us."'

Chapter 8: Accepting The Testimony Of One Man Concerning The Crescent Moon Of Ramadan.

Narrated 'Ikramah

A similar, Mursal, report was narrated from 'Ikrimah.

Chapter 9: Completing thirty days Of Sha'ban if it is obscured (cloudy) and mentioning the differences reported by the narrators from Abu Hurairah

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said

"the Messenger of Allah said: 'Fast when you see it and stop fasting when you see it, and if it is obscured from you (too cloudy), then count it as thirty (days). "'