It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet designated Dhul-Hulaifah as the Miqat for the people of Al-Madinah, Al-Juhfah for the people of Ash-shamham, Yalmlam for the people of Yemen, and Qarn for the people of Najd. They are for them and for those who pass by them who are not of their people, intending to perform Hajj or 'Umrah. If a person's place of residence is within the boundary of they Miqat, then (he should enter Ihram) from where he starts his journey, and this also applies to the people of Makkah.
The Book of Hajj - Sunan an-Nasa'i 2658
It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet designated Dhul-Hulaifah as the Miqat for the people of Al-Madinah, Al-Juhfah for the people of Ash-shamham, Yalmlam for the people of Yemen, and Qarn for the people of Najd. They are for them and for those who pass by them who are not of their people, intending to perform Hajj or 'Umrah. If a person's place of residence is within the boundary of they Miqat, then (he should enter Ihram) from where he starts his journey, and this also applies to the people of Makkah.
Commentary on the Designated Mawāqīt
This noble hadith establishes the sacred boundaries (mawāqīt) from which pilgrims must enter the state of ihrām. The wisdom behind designating specific locations is to sanctify the sacred precincts of Makkah and ensure pilgrims approach with proper spiritual preparation.
Dhul-Hulaifah (modern-day Abyār 'Alī) is approximately 450km from Makkah and serves as the mīqāt for the people of Madinah and those coming from that direction. Al-Juhfah (west of Makkah) is for those arriving from Syria and Egypt. Yalmlam (south of Makkah) serves the people of Yemen, while Qarn al-Manāzil (east of Makkah) is designated for the people of Najd.
Juridical Rulings and Applications
The statement "they are for them and for those who pass by them" indicates these mawāqīt apply not only to residents of those regions but to all travelers crossing these points, regardless of origin. This demonstrates the universal application of Islamic rituals.
The final portion clarifies that residents within the boundaries should enter ihrām from their homes. This includes the people of Makkah itself, who must enter ihrām from Makkah when performing Hajj, though for 'Umrah they must exit the haram boundary to a location like Tan'īm.
Scholars agree that passing these points without entering ihrām when intending Hajj or 'Umrah necessitates a sacrificial offering (dam) as expiation, unless one has a legitimate excuse recognized by Shari'ah.