Riyad as-Salihin
The Book of the Prohibited actions
كتاب الأمور المنهي عنها
Chapter 313: Prohibition of having a Hair cut or paring one's nail during the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah for one who intends to Sacrifice an Animal
- نهي من دخل عليه عشر ذي الحجة وأراد أن يضحي عن أخذ شيء من شعره أو أظفاره حتى يضحي
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "When anyone of you intends to sacrifice the animal and enter in the month of Dhul-Hijjah, he should not get his hair cut or nails pared till he has offered his sacrifice."[Muslim].
Chapter 314: Prohibition of Swearing in the name of anything besides Allah
- النهي عن الحلف بمخلوق كالنبي والكعبة والملائكة والسماء والآباء والحياة والروح والرأس ونعمة السلطان وتربة فلان والأمانة، وهي من أشدها نهيًا
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah has prohibited you from taking an oath by your fathers. He who must take an oath, may do so by swearing in the Name of Allah or he should remain silent."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Swear neither by the name of Taghut (i.e., false deities, false leaders, etc.) nor by your fathers."[Muslim].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "He who swears by Amanah (trust) is not one of us."[Abu Dawud with authentic Isnad].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "If anyone swears that in such and such case he will be free from Islam and afterwards he turns out to be a liar, he will be as he has sworn; but if he is speaking the truth, he will not revert safely to Islam."[Abu Dawud].
I heard a man saying: "No, by the Ka'bah." I admonished him: "Do not swear by any thing besides Allah, for I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying, 'He who swears by anyone or anything other than Allah, has indeed committed an act of Kufr or Shirk'."[At- Tirmidhi].[Some 'Ulama' are of the opinion that the words of the Prophet (ﷺ) that "He who swears by anyone or anything other than Allah has indeed committed an act of Kufr or Shirk," are in the nature of extreme admonition. And in fact, it is not Shirk. The same applies to the saying of the Prophet (ﷺ), who said, "showing off is Shirk."]
Chapter 315: Illegality of Swearing Falsely
- تغليظ اليمين الكاذبة عمدًا
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "He who takes oath to acquire the property of a Muslim unjustly will meet Allah and He will be angry with him" then he recited:"Verily, those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's Covenant and their oaths, they shall have no portion in the Hereafter. Neither will Allah speak to them nor look at them on the Day of Resurrection nor will He purify them, and they shall have a painful torment." (3:77)[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "He who misappropriates the right of a Muslim by taking a false oath, Allah will condemn him to the fire of Hell and will forbid Jannah for him." A person asked: "O Messenger of Allah, even if it is something insignificant?" He replied, "Yes, even if it is the twig of the Arak tree."[Muslim].
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Of the major sins are: Associating anything in worship with Allah, disobedience to the parents, killing without justification and taking a false oath (intentionally)."[Al- Bukhari].Another narration is: A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and asked him: "O Messenger of Allah, what are the cardinal sins?" He (ﷺ) replied, "Associating anything with Allah in worship." The man asked: "(What is) next?" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) replied, "Al-Yamin Al-Ghamus." He asked: "What do you mean by Al-Yamin Al-Ghamus?" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) replied, "Swearing falsely to usurp the property of a Muslim."
Chapter 316: Desirability of Expiating the Oath taken by a Person who afterwards Breaks it for a better Alternative
- ندب من حلف على يمين فرأى غيرها خيرًا منها أن يفعل ذلك المحلوف عليه ثم يكفر عن يمينه
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me, "When you take an oath and consider something else to be better than it, make expiation for your oath and choose the better alternative."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "When you swear an oath and consider something else to be better than it, make expiation for your oath and do the thing that is better."[Muslim].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Verily, I swear by Allah, if Allah wills, I shall not swear to do something but that if I consider something else to be better than it, then I shall make expiation for my oath and adopt the thing that is better."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Persistence in respect of his oath about his family is more sinful with Allah than the payment of its expiation prescribed by Allah."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Chapter 317: Expiation of Oaths
العفو عن لغو اليمين وأنَّه لا كفَّارة فِيهِ وَهُوَ مَا يجري عَلَى اللسان بغير قصد اليمين كقوله عَلَى العادة: لا والله، وبلى والله، ونحو ذَلِكَ
The Ayah: "Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths ..." was revealed in respect of those persons who are in the habit of repeating: 'No, by Allah'; and 'Yes, by Allah.'[Al- Bukhari].
Chapter 318: Abomination of Swearing in Transaction
- كراهة الحلف في البيع وإن كان صادقًا
I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying, "Swearing produces a ready sale for a commodity, but blots out the blessing."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying, "Beware of excessive swearing in sale, because it may promote trade but this practice will eliminate the blessing."[Muslim].
Chapter 319: About Begging in the Name of Allah
- كراهة أن يسأل الإنسان بوجه الله عز وجل غير الجنة وكراهة منع من سأل بالله تعالى وتشفع به
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "No one should ask in the Face of Allah for anything except Jannah."[Abu Dawud].
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Grant shelter to him who begs for it in the Name of Allah, give to him who begs in the Name of Allah, accept the invitation of him who invites you, and requite him who does a favour to you, but if you are unable to requite him, go on praying for him till you are sure that you have requited him adequately."[Abu Dawud and An- Nasa'i].
Chapter 320: Prohibition of Addressing somebody as 'The King of Kings'
- تحريم قول شاهنشاه للسلطان وغيره لأن معناه ملك الملوك، ولا يوصف بذلك غير الله سبحانه وتعالى
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The most disgraceful man near Allah is a man who calls himself (or likes others to call him) Malikul-Amlak (i.e., king of kings)."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Chapter 321: Prohibition of Conferring a Title of Honor upon a Sinner, a Hypocrite, and the Like
- النهي عن مخاطبة الفاسق والمبتدع ونحوهما بسيد ونحوه
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Do not address a hypocrite with the title of chief, (or similar titles of respect) for even if he deserves this title you will invite Allah's Wrath by using it for him."[Abu Dawud].