The Book of the Prohibited actions

كتاب الأمور المنهي عنها

Chapter 1: The Prohibition of Backbiting and the Commandment of Guarding one's Tongue

'Uqbah bin 'Amir (May Allah be pleased with him) said

I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), "How can salvation be achieved?" He replied, "Control your tongue, keep to your house, and weep over your sins."[At-Tirmidhi].

Abu Bakrah (May Allah be pleased with him) said

Delivering the sermon during the Farewell Pilgrimage on the day of Sacrifice at Mina, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Verily your blood, your property and your honour are as sacred and inviolable as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours and in this town of yours. Verily! I have conveyed this message to you."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said

I said to the Prophet (ﷺ): "Such and such thing of Safiyyah (May Allah be pleased with her) is sufficient for you." (She means to say that she was a woman with a short stature). He said, "You have indeed uttered a word which would pollute the sea if it were mixed in it." She further said: I imitated a person before him and he said, "I do not like that I should imitate someone even (if I am paid) in return such and such."[Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi].

Chapter 2: Prohibition of Listening to Backbiting

'Itban bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) said in his long Hadith cited in the Chapter entitled 'Hope' reported

When the Prophet (ﷺ) stood up to offer As-Salat (the prayer) he asked, "Where is Malik bin Ad-Dukhshum?" A man replied: "He is a hypocrite. He does not love Allah and His Messenger." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do not say that. Do you not know that he said: La ilaha illallah (there is no true god except Allah),' seeking His Pleasure. Allah has made the fire of Hell unlawful for him who affirms that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Ka'b bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) said in his long story about his repentance

The Prophet (ﷺ) was sitting among the people in Tabuk. He (ﷺ) said, "What happened to Ka'b bin Malik?" A person from the tribe of Banu Salamah said: "O Messenger of Allah! the embellishment of his cloak and an appreciation of his sides have allured him, and he was thus detained." Mu'adh bin Jabal (May Allah be pleased with him) said: "Woe be upon you! You have passed indecent remarks. O Messenger of Allah! by Allah, we know nothing about him but good." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) remained silent.[Al- Bukhari and Muslim].

Chapter 3: Some cases where it is permissible to Backbite

'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said

A man sought permission for audience with the Prophet (ﷺ). He said, "Give him permission but he is a bad member of his tribe."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Chapter 4: Prohibition of Calumny

Hudhaifah (May Allah be pleased with him) said

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The person who goes about with calumnies will never enter Jannah."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) said

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Shall I tell you what 'Al-'Adhu' (falsehood and slandering) is? It is calumny which is committed among the people."[Muslim].

Chapter 1: The Prohibition of Backbiting and the Commandment of Guarding one's Tongue

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported

I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying, "A person utters a word thoughtlessly (i.e., without thinking about its being good or not) and, as a result of this, he will fall down into the fire of Hell deeper than the distance between the east and the west."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Abu 'Abdur-Rahman Bilal bin Al-Harith Al-Muzani (May Allah be pleased with him) reported

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "A man speaks a good word without knowing its worth, Allah records for him His Good Pleasure till the day he will meet Him; and a man utters an evil word without realizing its importance, Allah records for him His displeasure till the day he will meet Him."[Imam Malik and At-Tirmidhi].

Chapter 2: Prohibition of Listening to Backbiting

Abud-Darda' (May Allah be pleased with him) said

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "He who defends the honour of his (Muslim) brother, Allah will secure his face against the Fire on the Day of Resurrection."[At-Tirmidhi].

Chapter 3: Some cases where it is permissible to Backbite

'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "I do not think that so-and-so understands anything of our Faith."[Al-Bukhari]Al-Bukhari said: Al- Laith bin Sa'd, who is one of the narrators of this Hadith, said: The two men mentioned by the Prophet (ﷺ) in this Hadith were hypocrites (i.e., they revealed Faith and concealed disbelief).

'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said

Hind, the wife of Abu Sufyan, said to the Prophet (ﷺ): Abu Sufyan is a niggardly man and does not give me and my children adequate provisions for maintenance unless I take something from his possession without his knowledge. The Prophet (ﷺ) said to her, "Take from his possessions on a reasonable basis that much which may suffice for you and your children."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Chapter 4: Prohibition of Calumny

Ibn 'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) said

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed by two graves and said, "Both of them (the persons in these graves) are being tortured, and they are not being tortured for a cardinal sin. But indeed they are great sins. One of them used not to save himself from being soiled with his urine, and the other one used to go about with calumnies (among the people to rouse hostilities, e.g., one goes to a person and tells him that so-and-so says about him such and such evil things)."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Chapter 6: Condemnation of Double-faced People

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "People are like ores. Those who were excellent in the Days of Ignorance are excellent in Islam provided they acquire the knowledge and understanding of the religion. You will find the best people in it (Islam) those who had a deep hatred (for leadership). You will find the worst among the people a double-faced person who appears to some people with one face and to others with another face."[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Muhammad bin Zaid reported

Some people said to my grandfather, 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them): We visit our rulers and tell them things contrary to what we say when we leave them. 'Abdullah bin 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) replied: "In the days of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), we counted this act as an act of hypocrisy."[Al-Bukhari].

Chapter 7: Condemnation and Prohibition of Falsehood

Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported

The Prophet (ﷺ) as saying: "The worst of lies is to pretend to have seen something which he has not seen."[Al- Bukhari].

Chapter 15: Prohibition of Maligning

'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As (May Allah be pleased with them) said

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "He who desires to be rescued from the fire of Hell and to enter Jannah, should die in a state of complete belief in Allah and the Last Day, and should do unto others what he wishes to be done unto him."[Muslim].

Chapter 17: Prohibition of Envy

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Beware of envy because envy consumes (destroys) the virtues just as the fire consumes the firewood," or he said "grass."[Abu Dawud].

Chapter 18: Prohibition of Spying on Muslims and to be Inquisitive about Others

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Beware of suspicion, for suspicion is the worst of false tales. Do not look for other's faults. Do not spy one another, and do not practise Najsh (means to offer a high price for something in order to allure another customer who is interested in the thing). Do not be jealous of one another and do not nurse enmity against one another. Do not sever ties with one another. Become the slaves of Allah, and be brothers to one another as He commanded. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He should neither oppress him nor humiliate him. The piety is here! The piety is here!" While saying so he pointed towards his chest. "It is enough evil for a Muslim to look down upon his Muslim brother. All things of a Muslim are inviolable for his brother in Faith: his blood, his wealth and his honour. Verily, Allah does not look to your bodies nor to your faces but He looks to your hearts and your deeds."Another narration is: "Do not feel envy against one another; do not nurse enmity; do not spy on one another and do not cheat one another. Be Allah's slaves, brethren to one another."Another narration is: "Do not have estranged relations with one another. Do not nurse enmity and do not feel envy against one another. O Allah's worshippers! Be brothers!"Another narration is: "Do not estrange mutual relations and do not intervene into the transaction which is likely to be settled with another person."[Muslim].