Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2841
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَجْلاَنَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى أَنْ يَجْمَعَ أَحَدٌ بَيْنَ اسْمِهِ وَكُنْيَتِهِ وَيُسَمَّى مُحَمَّدًا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ . وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَقَدْ كَرِهَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْنَ اسْمِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَكُنْيَتِهِ وَقَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بَعْضُهُمْ . رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَجُلاً، فِي السُّوقِ يُنَادِي يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَالْتَفَتَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ لَمْ أَعْنِكَ . فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لاَ تَكْتَنُوا بِكُنْيَتِي " . حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلاَّلُ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِهَذَا . وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى كَرَاهِيَةِ أَنْ يُكْنَى أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Hurayrah reported that the Prophet forbade anyone from combining his name and his kunya by calling himself Muhammad Abu al-Qasim. A report from Jabir is also cited on this topic. Abu ‘Isa graded this hadith hasan sahih. Some scholars disliked a man combining the Prophet’s name and kunya, while others did so. It is also related that the Prophet heard a man in the marketplace being called Abu al-Qasim and turned around. The man clarified that he did not mean the Prophet, who then said, ‘Do not adopt my kunya.’ Al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali al-Khallal related this through Yazid ibn Harun, from Humayd, from Anas, from the Prophet. This report indicates disapproval of taking the kunya Abu al-Qasim.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Kunya is a teknonym or honorific by which a person is addressed, often beginning with Abu (‘father of’). The Arabic witness’s wording names Muhammad Abu al-Qasim explicitly.