"The Prophet would perform I'tikaf during the last ten (days) of Ramadan until Allah took him."
Hadith Reference
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 790 - The Book on Fasting
Arabic Text
كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى تَوَفَّاهُ اللَّهُ
Meaning and Significance
This hadith establishes the continuous practice of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) of performing I'tikaf (spiritual retreat) during the final ten days of Ramadan throughout his life. This demonstrates the supreme importance of these blessed days, particularly Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Decree), which occurs within this period.
Scholarly Commentary
Imam at-Tirmidhi classifies this hadith as hasan sahih (sound and authentic). The scholars unanimously agree that I'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan is a confirmed Sunnah (Sunnah Mu'akkadah). The phrase "until Allah took him" indicates the Prophet's consistent practice until his death, making it a recommended act for the Ummah. I'tikaf involves secluding oneself in the mosque with the intention of worship, seeking Laylat al-Qadr, and increasing in devotion through prayer, Quran recitation, and remembrance of Allah.
Legal Ruling
The majority of scholars hold that I'tikaf in the last ten days of Ramadan is a highly emphasized Sunnah (Sunnah Mu'akkadah), not obligatory. However, if one begins voluntary I'tikaf, it becomes obligatory to complete it according to the intended duration. The minimum duration is a moment, though preferably it should be for a substantial period to achieve its spiritual benefits.
Spiritual Benefits
I'tikaf allows complete devotion to worship, detachment from worldly affairs, and increased focus on spiritual development. It provides an opportunity to seek forgiveness, engage in intense supplication, and potentially witness Laylat al-Qadr - a night better than a thousand months. This practice embodies the essence of Ramadan's conclusion: seeking nearness to Allah through exclusive devotion.