The Book on Fasting

كتاب الصوم عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم

Chapter 1: What Has Been Related About The Virtue Of The Month Of Ramadan

Abu Hurairah narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "On the first night of the month of Ramadan, the Shayatin are shackled, the jinns are restrained, the gates of the Fires are shut such that no gate among them would be opened. The gates of Paradise are opened such that no gate among them would be closed, and a caller calls: 'O seeker of the good; come near!' and 'O seeker of evil; stop! For there are those whom Allah frees from the Fire.' And that is every night."

Abu Hurairah narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever fasts Ramadan and stands (in the night prayer) for it out of faith and seeking a reward (from Allah), he will be forgiven what preceded of his sins. Whoever stands (in the night prayer) on the Night of Al-Qadr out of faith and seeking a reward (from Allah), he will be forgiven what preceded of his sins."

Chapter 2: What Has Been Related About: Do Not Precede The Month With Fasting

Abu Hurairah narrated that

the Prophet said: "Do not precede the month with a day nor with two days, unless that fast falls on a day that one of you would have (normally) fasted. Fast with its sighting and break fast with its sighting, and if it is cloudy, then count for thirty days, and then break (the fast)."

Abu Hurairah narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "Do no precede the month of Ramadan by fasting a day or two before it, unless it is the case of a man who normally performs some fast, then let him fast it."

Chapter 3: What Has Been Related About It Being Disliked To Fast The Day OF Doubt

Silah bin Zufar said

"We were with Ammar bin Yasir when a roasted sheep was brought and he said: 'Eat.' Someone among the people said: 'I am fasting.' So Ammar said: 'Whoever fasts on a day in which there is doubt, then he has disobeyed Abul-Qasim (pbuh)."

Chapter 4: What Has Been Related About Counting The (Appearances OF) The Crescent Of Sha'ban For Ramadan

Abu Hurairah narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "Count the (the appearances of) the crescent of Sha'ban for Ramadan."

Chapter 5: What Has Been Related About: Fasting And Breaking Fast Are Based Upon The Sighting (Of The Crescent)

Ibn Abbas narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "Do not fast before Ramadan. Fast with its sighting, and break fast with its sighting, and if it is obscured from you, then complete thirty days."

Chapter 6: What Has Been Related About: The Month Is Twenty-Nine Days

Ibn Mas`ud said

"What I fasted with the Prophet that was twenty-nine (days), was more than what we fasted that was thirty."(He said): There are narrations on this topic from `Umar, Abu Hurairah, `A'isha, Sa`d bin Abi Waqqas, Ibn `Abbas, Ibn `Umar, Anas, Jabir, Umm Salamah, Abu Bakrah, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The month is twenty nine (days)."

Anas narrated

"The Messenger of Allah vowed to stay away from his wives for a month, so he stayed in a loft for twenty-nine days. They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, your vow was for a month,' so he said: 'The month is twenty-nine (days).'"

Chapter 7: What Has Been Related About Fasting Based Upon Testimony

Ibn Abbas narrated

"A Bedouin came to the Prophet and said: 'I have seen the crescent.' So he said: 'Do you testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah? Do you testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'Yes.' So he said: 'O Bilal! Announce to the people that they should fast tomorrow.'"

Chapter 8: What Has Been Related About: The Two Months Of Eid Will Not Both Be Deficient

Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Bakrah narrated from his father that

the Messenger of Allah said: "The two months of Eid will not both be deficient: Ramadn and Dhul-Hijjah."

Chapter 9: What Has Been Related About: For The People OF Every Land There Is A Sighting

Muhammad bin Abi Harmalah narrated

"Kuraib informed me that Umm Al-Fadl bin Al-Harith sent him to Mu'awiyah in Ash-Sham. He said: 'So I arrived in Ash-Sham and finished her errand, and I saw the crescent of Ramadan while I was in Ash-Sham. We saw the crescent on the night of Friday. Then I arrived in Al-Madinah at the end of the month. Ibn Abbas was questioning me, then he mentioned the crescent and he said: "When did you see the crescent?" I said: "We saw it n the night of Friday." He said: "Did you see it on the night of Friday?" I said: "The people saw it, so they fasted, and Mu'awiyah fasted." He said: "But we saw it on the night of Saturday, so we will not stop fasting until we complete thirty days or we see it." So I said: "Is not the sighting and fasting of Mu'awiyah enough for you?" He said: "This is not how the Messenger of Allah ordered us."

Chapter 10: What Has Been Related About What It Is Recommended To Break The Fast With

Anas bin Malik narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever has dried dates, then let him break the fast with that, and whoever does not, then let him break the fast with water, for indeed water is purifying."

Salman bin Amir Ad-Dabbi narrated that

the Prophet said: "When one of you breaks his fast, then let him do so with dried dates. And whoever does not find dates, then water, for it is purifying."

Anas bin Malik narrated

"The Messenger of Allah would break the fast with fresh dates before performing Salat. If there were no fresh dates then (he would break the fast) with dried dates, and if there were no dried dates then he would take a few sips of water."

Chapter 11: What Has Been Related About: (The Fast Is The Day The People Fast And) The Breaking Of The Fast IS The Day When the People Break The Fast, And The Sacrifice Is The Day The People Sacrifice

Abu Hurairah narrated that

the Prophet said: "The fast is the day the people fast, the breaking of the fast is the day the people break their fast, and the sacrifice is the day the people sacrifice."

Chapter 12: What Has Been Related About: When The Night Advances And The Day Retreats, Then The Fasting Person Break The Fast

Umar bin Al-Khattab narrated that

The Messenger of Allah said: "When the night advances and the day retreats, and the sun is hidden, then the fast is to be broken."

Chapter 13: What Has Been Related About Hastening To Break The Fast

Sahl bin Sa'd narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "The people will remain upon goodness as long as they hasten to break the fast."

Abu Hurairah narrated that

the Messenger of Allah said: "Allah, Mighty and Sublime is He, said: 'Those of My worshippers who are most beloved to me are the quickest to break their fast.'"