Jami' at-Tirmidhi
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1370
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ وَصُرِّفَتِ الطُّرُقُ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ بَعْضُهُمْ مُرْسَلاً عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْهُمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ بَعْضُ فُقَهَاءِ التَّابِعِينَ مِثْلُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَغَيْرِهِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ مِنْهُمْ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ وَرَبِيعَةُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ لاَ يَرَوْنَ الشُّفْعَةَ إِلاَّ لِلْخَلِيطِ وَلاَ يَرَوْنَ لِلْجَارِ شُفْعَةً إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ خَلِيطًا . وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَغَيْرِهِمُ الشُّفْعَةُ لِلْجَارِ . وَاحْتَجُّوا بِالْحَدِيثِ الْمَرْفُوعِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " جَارُ الدَّارِ أَحَقُّ بِالدَّارِ " . وَقَالَ " الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ " . وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَأَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ .
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh reported that the Messenger of Allah said: “When boundaries are established and paths are distinguished, there is no right of preemption.” Abū ʿĪsā said: This is a ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ hadith. Some narrators transmitted it as mursal from Abū Salamah, from the Prophet. Some scholars among the Prophet’s Companions, including ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb and ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, and later scholars such as ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, held this view. It was the view of scholars of Madinah, including Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd al-Anṣārī, Rabīʿah ibn Abī ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, and Mālik ibn Anas, as well as al-Shāfiʿī, Aḥmad, and Isḥāq: they recognized preemption for a co-owner, not for a neighbor who was not a co-owner. Other scholars held that a neighbor also has the right of preemption, citing reports that the neighbor of a house has a stronger claim to it and that a neighbor has a stronger claim to what is adjacent. This is the view of al-Thawrī, Ibn al-Mubārak, and the scholars of Kūfah.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Shufʿah is the right of preemption in a property sale; the scholars disagreed about whether it extends beyond co-owners to neighbors.