Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
Consultation
كتاب الْمَشُورَةِ
Chapter 128
بَابُ الْمُسْتَشَارُ مُؤْتَمَنٌ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Adam narrated to us, saying: Shayban Abu Mu‘awiya narrated to us, saying: ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Umayr narrated to us, from Abu Salama ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman, from Abu Hurayra, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked Abu al-Haytham, ‘Do you have a servant?’ He replied, ‘No.’ He said, ‘When some captives come to us, come to us.’ Then two people were brought to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with no third. Abu al-Haytham came to him, and the Prophet said, ‘Choose one of the two.’ He said, ‘Messenger of Allah, choose for me.’ The Prophet said, ‘The person consulted is entrusted with confidence. Take this one, for I have seen him praying. Treat him well.’ His wife said, ‘You will not fulfill what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said about him unless you set him free.’ He said, ‘Then he is free.’ The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘Allah never sent a prophet or a caliph without his having two close advisers: one who commands him to do what is right and forbids him from what is wrong, and another who spares no effort to ruin him. Whoever is protected from an evil adviser has indeed been protected.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وَبِطَانَةٌ لاَ تَأْلُوهُ خَبَالاً،
The idiom لا تألوه خبالا means not withholding effort to harm or corrupt him; the exact force of خبَال is destructive harm/corruption.
Review the idiomatic rendering of لا تألوه خبالا.
وَمَنْ يُوقَ بِطَانَةَ السُّوءِ فَقَدْ وُقِيَ.
The Arabic closes with a repeated passive form (‘whoever is guarded from an evil confidant has been guarded’), while the witness shifts the second clause to ‘has been protected’ but addresses ‘you’ earlier in the report.
Confirm that the repeated passive is retained without changing the pronoun’s referent.
Chapter 129
بَابُ الْمَشُورَةِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Sadaqa narrated to us, saying: Ibn ‘Uyayna informed us, from ‘Umar ibn Habib, from ‘Amr ibn Dinar, who said: Ibn ‘Abbas recited: ‘And consult them in some matters.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وَشَاوِرْهُمْ فِي بَعْضِ الامْرِ.
The Arabic text includes بَعْضِ (‘some of’), which is not present in the English witness’s wording.
Confirm that ‘in some matters’ preserves the wording of this transmitted recitation.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Adam ibn Abi Iyas narrated to us, saying: Hammad ibn Zayd narrated to us, from al-Sari, from al-Hasan, who said: ‘By Allah, whenever a people seek counsel, they are guided to the best option available to them.’ Then he recited: ‘Their affairs are conducted by mutual consultation.’
Chapter 130
بَابُ إِثْمِ مَنْ أَشَارَ عَلَى أَخِيهِ بِغَيْرِ رُشْدٍ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
‘Abd Allah ibn Yazid narrated to us, saying: Sa‘id ibn Abi Ayyub narrated to me, saying: Bakr ibn ‘Amr narrated to me, from Abu ‘Uthman Muslim ibn Yasar, from Abu Hurayra, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: ‘Whoever attributes to me words I did not say, let him take his seat in the Fire. If a Muslim brother consults someone and that person advises him without sound judgment, he has betrayed him. Whoever is given a legal ruling without a firm basis, its sin is upon the one who gave it.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وَمَنِ اسْتَشَارَهُ أَخُوهُ الْمُسْلِمُ، فَأَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ بِغَيْرِ رُشْدٍ فَقَدْ خَانَهُ
The Arabic has the brother consult him, then he gives advice to the brother; the suffixes require tracking the adviser and advisee across the clause.
Confirm the antecedents and roles in this sequence.
وَمَنْ أُفْتِيَ فُتْيَا بِغَيْرِ ثَبْتٍ، فَإِثْمُهُ عَلَى مَنْ أَفْتَاهُ.
The source uses a passive verb and ثَبْتٍ, which can mean reliable confirmation or firm evidence; the witness instead makes the giver the subject of the first clause.
Review the passive construction and the most suitable rendering of ثَبْتٍ.