Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
Greetings
كتاب السَّلامِ
Chapter 459
بَابُ مَنْ سَلَّمَ إِشَارَةً
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ata ibn Abi Rabah said: They used to disapprove of greeting by hand gesture—or he said: He disapproved of greeting by hand gesture.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The report preserves uncertainty between a plural attribution (“they used to disapprove”) and a singular one (“he disapproved”).
Chapter 460
بَابُ يُسْمِعُ إِذَا سَلَّمَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Thabit ibn Ubayd said: I came to a gathering that included Abdullah ibn Umar. He said, “When you offer the greeting, make it audible, for it is a greeting from Allah, blessed and good.”
Chapter 461
بَابُ مَنْ خَرَجَ يُسَلِّمُ وَيُسَلَّمُ عَلَيْهِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Al-Tufayl ibn Ubayy ibn Ka‘b reported that he used to visit Abdullah ibn Umar and go with him in the morning to the market. He said: Whenever we went to the market, Abdullah ibn Umar would not pass by any petty seller, shopkeeper, poor person, or anyone else without greeting them.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
سَقَّاطٌ refers to a petty seller or dealer in inexpensive goods; the precise market occupation is uncertain.
سَقَّاطٍ
The word refers to a petty seller/trader, not a rubbish collector.
Should “rubbish collector” be corrected to “petty seller”?
Chapter 462
بَابُ التَّسْلِيمِ إِذَا جَاءَ الْمَجْلِسَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “When one of you comes to a gathering, let him offer the greeting. When he leaves, let him offer the greeting, for the latter is no more deserving than the former.”
Chapter 463
بَابُ التَّسْلِيمِ إِذَا قَامَ مِنَ الْمَجْلِسِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet ﷺ said: “When a man comes to a gathering, let him offer the greeting. If he sits and then decides to leave before the gathering disperses, let him offer the greeting, for the first greeting is no more deserving than the last.”
Chapter 464
بَابُ حَقِّ مَنْ سَلَّمَ إِذَا قَامَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muawiya ibn Qurra said: My father told me, “My son, if you are in a gathering from which you hope for good, then a need hurries you away, say, ‘Peace be upon you.’ In that way you will share in whatever good they attained in that gathering. Any people who sit together and then disperse without remembering Allah are as though they had dispersed from beside a donkey’s carcass.”
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Hurayra said: Whoever meets his brother should greet him. If a tree or a wall comes between them and they then meet again, he should greet him.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Anas ibn Malik reported that the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ would gather, and a tree would lie ahead of them. One group would pass to its right and another group to its left. When they met again, they would greet one another.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The expression تَسْتَقْبِلُهُمُ الشَّجَرَةُ literally says that the tree lay ahead/faced them; the report does not specify further context.
Chapter 465
بَابُ مَنْ دَهَنَ يَدَهُ لِلْمُصَافَحَةِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Thabit al-Bunani reported that Anas would apply fragrant oil to his hand each morning so that he could shake hands with his brothers.
Chapter 466
بَابُ التَّسْلِيمِ بِالْمَعْرِفَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abdullah ibn Amr reported that a man asked: Messenger of Allah, which aspect of Islam is best? He replied: “Feed people and offer the greeting of peace to those you know and those you do not know.”
Chapter 467
بَابُ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade people from sitting in courtyards and along raised paths. The Muslims said, “We cannot avoid that; we are unable to do so.” He said, “If you must, then give them their due.” They asked, “What is their due?” He replied: “Lower your gaze, guide the traveler, invoke mercy for the sneezer when he praises Allah, and return the greeting.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
الصُّعُدَاتِ refers to raised paths or elevated roadways; the precise feature is not specified further.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Hurayra said: The most miserly of people is the one who is miserly with the greeting of peace, and the one deprived of good is the one who does not return it. If a tree comes between you and your brother, and you are able to begin the greeting before he does, then do so.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Salim, the client of Abdullah ibn Amr, said: Whenever Ibn Amr was greeted, he would return the greeting with something more. I came to him while he was sitting and said, “Peace be upon you.” He replied, “Peace be upon you, and Allah’s mercy.” I came to him another time and said, “Peace be upon you, and Allah’s mercy.” He replied, “Peace be upon you, and Allah’s mercy and blessings.” I came to him a third time and said, “Peace be upon you, and Allah’s mercy and blessings.” He replied, “Peace be upon you, and Allah’s mercy and blessings, and the goodness of His prayers.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وَكَانَ ابْنُ عَمْرٍو إِذَا سُلِّمَ عَلَيْهِ
The Arabic says Ibn Amr, not Ibn Umar.
Should the witness’s name be corrected to Ibn Amr?
وَطَيِّبُ صَلَوَاتِهِ
The witness has a typo and the Arabic says “the goodness of His prayers.”
Should the phrase be corrected?
Chapter 468
بَابُ لا يُسَلَّمُ عَلَى فَاسِقٍ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As said: Do not offer the greeting of peace to those who drink wine.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic uses the plural “wine-drinkers.”
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Al-Hasan said: There is no inviolable bond between you and a sinner.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The word حُرْمَةٌ can refer to inviolability, sacredness, or a protected right; the brief statement leaves the precise nuance open.
لَيْسَ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ الْفَاسِقِ حُرْمَةٌ
The Arabic literally denies a حُرْمَة (inviolable bond/protection) between the addressee and a transgressor; the intended practical implication is not stated.
Should this be understood as saying that no inviolable bond or protection is owed to a transgressor?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Ruzaq reported that he heard Ali ibn Abdullah disapprove of al-asbaranj and say: “Do not offer the greeting of peace to someone who plays it; it is a form of gambling.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The game name الْأَسْبِرَنْجَ is obscure; the translation retains its transliteration rather than identifying it definitively as chess.
الأَسْبِرَنْجَ
The Arabic game name is al-asbaranj; its identification as chess is uncertain.
Can this game be identified with confidence, or should its name remain transliterated?
Chapter 469
بَابُ مَنْ تَرَكَ السَّلامَ عَلَى الْمُتَخَلِّقِ وَأَصْحَابِ الْمَعَاصِي
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ali ibn Abi Talib said: The Prophet ﷺ passed a group of people among whom was a man wearing khaluq perfume. He looked toward them, greeted them, and turned away from the man. The man asked, “Did you turn away from me?” He replied, “Between your eyes is an ember.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Khaluq is a saffron-colored perfume. The report’s final expression is rendered literally without further interpretation.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Amr ibn Shuayb ibn Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As ibn Wail al-Sahmi reported from his father, from his grandfather: A man came to the Prophet ﷺ wearing a gold ring on his hand. The Prophet turned away from him. When the man saw that the Prophet disapproved, he went away and threw the ring off, then took an iron ring and wore it. He came to the Prophet, who said, “This is worse; this is the adornment of the people of the Fire.” The man returned, threw it away, and wore a silver ring. The Prophet said nothing to him about that.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وَرِقٍ here means silver.
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ
The Arabic chain names Amr ibn Shuayb, from his father, from his grandfather.
Should the witness’s reporting attribution be corrected to match the chain?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Said said: A man from Bahrain came to the Prophet ﷺ and greeted him, but the Prophet did not return his greeting. The man had a gold ring on his hand and wore a silk robe. He went away saddened and complained to his wife. She said, “Perhaps your robe and ring displeased the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Take them off, then go back.” He did so, and the Prophet returned his greeting. The man said, “I came to you just a little while ago, and you turned away from me.” He replied, “There was an ember of Fire on your hand.” The man said, “Then I came with many embers.” He replied, “What you came with is no more useful to us than the stones of al-Harra; rather, it is only a provision of the life of this world.” The man asked, “What should I wear as a ring?” He replied, “A ring of silver, brass, or iron.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The phrase مَا جِئْتَ بِهِ لَيْسَ بِأَجْزَأَ عَنَّا مِنْ حِجَارَةِ الْحَرَّةِ is unusual and has been rendered closely; the following clause identifies it as worldly provision.
إِنَّ مَا جِئْتَ بِهِ لَيْسَ بِأَجْزَأَ عَنَّا مِنْ حِجَارَةِ الْحَرَّةِ
The comparison and the sense of أَجْزَأَ are unusual; the witness diverges substantially and may be corrupt.
Can this comparison be clarified from a reliable parallel source?
Chapter 470
بَابُ التَّسْلِيمِ عَلَى الأَمِيرِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz asked Abu Bakr ibn Sulayman ibn Abi Hathma: “Why did Abu Bakr write, ‘From Abu Bakr, successor to the Messenger of Allah,’ and then Umar write after him, ‘From Umar ibn al-Khattab, successor to Abu Bakr’? Who was the first to write ‘Commander of the Believers’?” He replied: “My grandmother al-Shifa told me—and she was among the earliest Emigrant women. When Umar ibn al-Khattab entered the market, he would visit her. She said: Umar ibn al-Khattab wrote to his governor of the two Iraqs, ‘Send me two capable, distinguished men so I may ask them about Iraq and its people.’ The governor sent Labid ibn Rabi‘a and Adi ibn Hatim. They arrived in Madinah, made their mounts kneel in the mosque courtyard, then entered the mosque and found Amr ibn al-As. They said, ‘Amr, ask permission for us to see Commander of the Believers Umar.’ Amr hurried in to Umar and said, ‘Peace be upon you, Commander of the Believers.’ Umar said, ‘What made you use this title, Ibn al-As? You will have to explain what you said.’ He replied, ‘Labid ibn Rabi‘a and Adi ibn Hatim arrived and asked me to seek permission for them to see Commander of the Believers. I said, “By Allah, you have chosen the right title: he is the commander, and we are the believers.”’ From that day, the title became established in official correspondence.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The phrase “the two Iraqs” is retained as a historical administrative designation. The final phrase says that written usage proceeded from that day.
فَقَالَ: حَدَّثَتْنِي جَدَّتِي الشِّفَاءُ
The Arabic says she was among the earliest Emigrant women; it does not say she was among the first to use the title.
Should the witness’s malformed attribution be corrected to match the Arabic?