Asking Permission

Ishaq informed us: Bishr ibn Shuaib informed us: My father told me, from al-Zuhri, who said: Abdullah ibn Kab informed me that Abdullah ibn Abbas told him that Ali—that is, Ali ibn Abi Talib—came out from the presence of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us: Anbasah narrated to us: Yunus narrated to us, from Ibn Shihab, who said: Abdullah ibn Kab ibn Malik informed me that Abdullah ibn Abbas told him that Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, came out from the Prophet during the illness in which he died. The people said, ‘Abu Hasan, how is the Messenger of Allah this morning?’ He said, ‘By Allah’s praise, he is recovering.’ Abbas took him by the hand and said, ‘Do you not see that after three days you will be a servant leaning on a staff? By Allah, I think the Messenger of Allah will die in this illness. I recognize death in the faces of the sons of Abd al-Muttalib. Let us go to the Messenger of Allah and ask who will hold authority after him. If it is to be among us, we will know that; if it is to be among others, we will ask him to instruct them to look after us.’ Ali said, ‘By Allah, if we ask the Messenger of Allah and he withholds it from us, the people will never give it to us afterward. I will never ask the Messenger of Allah about it.’

Musa ibn Ismail narrated to us: Hammam narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas, from Muadh, who said: I was riding behind the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, when he said, ‘Muadh!’ I replied, ‘At your service.’ He said this three times, then asked, ‘Do you know what right Allah has over His servants?’ I said, ‘Allah and His Messenger know best.’ He said, ‘That they worship Him and associate nothing with Him.’ He traveled for a while, then said, ‘Muadh!’ I replied, ‘At your service.’ He asked, ‘Do you know what right the servants have over Allah if they do that?’ He said, ‘That He will not punish them.’ Hudbah narrated it from Hammam, from Qatadah, from Anas, from Muadh, with this same report.

Umar ibn Hafs narrated to us: My father narrated to us: al-Amash narrated to us: Zayd ibn Wahb narrated to us: By Allah, Abu Dharr narrated to us: At al-Rabadhah, I was walking with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, one evening in the rocky plain of Medina. Uhud came into view before us. He said, ‘Abu Dharr, I would not like to have gold equal to Uhud, and for a night or three to pass while I still had a single dinar of it, except what I set aside to repay a debt—unless I spent it like this and this and this among Allah’s servants.’ He gestured with his hand. Then he said, ‘Abu Dharr!’ I replied, ‘At your service, Messenger of Allah.’ He said, ‘Those with the most wealth will be the ones with the least, except those who spend like this and this.’ Then he said to me, ‘Stay where you are, Abu Dharr; do not leave until I return.’ He went away until I could no longer see him. I heard a sound and feared that something had happened to the Messenger of Allah, so I wanted to go, but then remembered his words, ‘Do not leave.’ I stayed. When he returned, I said, ‘Messenger of Allah, I heard a sound and feared that something had happened to you, but then I remembered what you told me, so I stayed.’ The Prophet said, ‘That was Gabriel. He came to me and told me that whoever among my community dies without associating anything with Allah will enter Paradise.’ I asked, ‘Messenger of Allah, even if he commits fornication and theft?’ He replied, ‘Even if he commits fornication and theft.’ I said to Zayd, ‘I was told that this was Abu al-Darda.’ He said, ‘I testify that Abu Dharr himself told it to me at al-Rabadhah.’ Al-Amash said: Abu Salih also narrated to me from Abu al-Darda something similar. Abu Shihab related from al-Amash the wording, ‘and I still had it with me for more than three nights.’

Ismail ibn Abdullah said: Malik told me, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: A man must not make another man get up from his place and then sit in it himself.

Khallad ibn Yahya narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us, from Ubayd Allah, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, that he forbade making a man get up from his seat so that another could sit there. Rather, make room and spread out. Ibn Umar disliked a man getting up from his place and someone else sitting in it.

Al-Hasan ibn Umar narrated to us: Mutamir narrated to us: I heard my father mention, from Abu Mijlaz, from Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, married Zaynab bint Jahsh, he invited the people. They ate, then sat talking. He acted as though preparing to rise, but they did not get up. When he saw that, he stood. Some of the people stood with him, but three remained. The Prophet came to enter and found them sitting. Then they got up and left. I came and informed the Prophet that they had gone. He came and entered, and when I went to enter, he lowered the curtain between us. Allah, Exalted is He, revealed: O you who believe, do not enter the houses of the Prophet unless you are given permission… through His words: Indeed, that is grievous in the sight of Allah.

Muhammad ibn Abi Ghalib informed us: Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir al-Hizami informed us: Muhammad ibn Fulayh narrated to us, from his father, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, in the courtyard of the Kaaba, sitting with his knees drawn up and his arms clasped around them like this.

Ali ibn Abdullah narrated to us: Bishr ibn al-Mufaddal narrated to us: al-Jurayri narrated to us, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakrah, from his father, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, ‘Shall I tell you about the greatest of the grave sins?’ They said, ‘Yes, Messenger of Allah.’ He said, ‘Associating partners with Allah, and mistreating one’s parents.’

Musaddad narrated to us: Bishr narrated to us the same report. The Prophet had been reclining, but sat up and said, ‘Indeed, and false speech.’ He kept repeating it until we said, ‘If only he would stop.’

Abu Asim narrated to us, from Umar ibn Said, from Ibn Abi Mulaykah, that Uqbah ibn al-Harith told him: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, prayed the afternoon prayer, then hurried and entered the house.

Qutaybah narrated to us: Jarir narrated to us, from al-Amash, from Abu al-Duha, from Masruq, from Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, used to pray in the middle of the bed while I lay between him and the qiblah. When I needed something, I disliked getting up to face him, so I would slip away quietly.

Ishaq narrated to us: Khalid narrated to us. Abdullah ibn Muhammad also narrated to me: Amr ibn Awn narrated to us: Khalid narrated to us, from Khalid, from Abu Qilabah, who said: Abu al-Malih told me: I entered with your father Zayd to visit Abdullah ibn Amr. He told us that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had been told about his fasting and came to see him. I spread out for him a leather cushion stuffed with palm fiber, but he sat on the ground, leaving the cushion between us. He said to me, ‘Will three days each month not suffice you?’ I said, ‘Messenger of Allah…’ He said, ‘Five.’ I said, ‘Messenger of Allah…’ He said, ‘Seven.’ I said, ‘Messenger of Allah…’ He said, ‘Nine.’ I said, ‘Messenger of Allah…’ He said, ‘Eleven.’ I said, ‘Messenger of Allah…’ He said, ‘There is no fasting better than the fast of David: half the time, fasting one day and breaking the fast the next.’

Yahya ibn Jafar narrated to us: Yazid narrated to us, from Shubah, from Mughirah, from Ibrahim, from Alqamah, that he came to Syria. Abu al-Walid narrated to us: Shubah narrated to us, from Mughirah, from Ibrahim, who said: Alqamah went to Syria, entered the mosque, and prayed two units. Then he said, ‘O Allah, provide me with a companion.’ He sat beside Abu al-Darda, who asked, ‘Where are you from?’ He replied, ‘From Kufa.’ Abu al-Darda said, ‘Do you not have among you the confidant whose knowledge was known to no one else?’—meaning Hudhayfah. ‘And do you not have—or did you have—the one whom Allah protected from Satan through the words of His Messenger?’—meaning Ammar. ‘And do you not have the companion of the toothstick and the cushion?’—meaning Ibn Masud. ‘How did Abdullah recite: By the night when it covers?’ He replied, ‘And the male and the female.’ Abu al-Darda said, ‘These people nearly made me doubt, but I heard it from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.’

Muhammad ibn Kathir narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us, from Abu Hazim, from Sahl ibn Sad, who said: We used to take an afternoon nap and eat lunch after Friday prayer.

Qutaybah ibn Said narrated to us: Abd al-Aziz ibn Abi Hazim narrated to us, from Abu Hazim, from Sahl ibn Sad, who said: No name was more beloved to Ali than Abu Turab, and he was pleased when called by it. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, came to Fatimah’s house but did not find Ali there. He said, ‘Where is your cousin?’ She replied, ‘Something happened between us; he became upset with me and went out. He did not take his afternoon nap here.’ The Messenger of Allah said to someone, ‘See where he is.’ The man came back and said, ‘Messenger of Allah, he is lying in the mosque.’ The Messenger of Allah came to him while he was lying down, his cloak having slipped from his side and dust having gotten on him. The Messenger of Allah began wiping it off, saying, ‘Get up, Abu Turab! Get up, Abu Turab!’

Qutaybah ibn Said narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Ansari narrated to us, saying: My father told me, from Thumamah, from Anas, that Umm Sulaym used to spread a leather mat for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and he would take an afternoon nap on it at her home. When the Prophet slept, she collected some of his sweat and hair, put them in a bottle, and then placed them in perfume. When Anas ibn Malik was near death, he instructed that some of this perfume be placed in his burial fragrance. It was placed in it.

Ismail said: Malik told me, from Ishaq ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Talhah, from Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: Whenever the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, went to Quba, he would visit Umm Haram bint Milhan, who was married to Ubadah ibn al-Samit, and she would serve him food. One day he entered and she served him. The Messenger of Allah slept, then awoke laughing. She said, ‘What makes you laugh, Messenger of Allah?’ He replied, ‘Some people of my community were shown to me, campaigning in Allah’s path, sailing across this sea, like kings upon thrones’—or he said, ‘like kings upon thrones.’ Ishaq was uncertain. I said, ‘Pray to Allah to make me one of them.’ He prayed, then laid his head down and slept. He awoke laughing again. I said, ‘What makes you laugh, Messenger of Allah?’ He replied, ‘Some people of my community were shown to me, campaigning in Allah’s path, sailing across this sea, like kings upon thrones’—or, ‘like kings upon thrones.’ I said, ‘Pray to Allah to make me one of them.’ He said, ‘You are among the first.’ She sailed during the time of Muawiyah. When she came ashore, she fell from her mount and died.

Ali ibn Abdullah narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Ata ibn Yazid al-Laythi, from Abu Said al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade two types of dress and two types of sale: wrapping oneself completely in a garment, and sitting with one’s knees drawn up while wrapped in a single cloth that covers none of one’s private parts; and the sales of mulamasah and munabadha. Mamar, Muhammad ibn Abi Hafsah, and Abdullah ibn Budayl also transmitted it from al-Zuhri.

Musa narrated to us, from Abu Awanah: Firas narrated to us, from Amir, from Masruq, who said: The Mother of the Believers Aishah told me: All of us, the wives of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, were with him, with none of us absent. Fatimah, peace be upon her, came walking. By Allah, her walk was no different from the walk of the Messenger of Allah. When he saw her, he welcomed her, saying, ‘Welcome, my daughter.’ Then he seated her on his right or left and spoke privately with her. She wept intensely. When he saw her grief, he spoke privately with her a second time, and she began to laugh. I said to her, ‘The Messenger of Allah chose you from among us for a private conversation, and then you wept!’ When the Messenger of Allah stood up, I asked her what he had told her privately. She said, ‘I would not disclose the secret of the Messenger of Allah.’ After he died, I said to her, ‘I charge you, by the right I have over you, to tell me.’ She said, ‘Now, yes.’ She told me: ‘The first time he spoke to me privately, he informed me that Gabriel used to review the Quran with him once each year, but this year he reviewed it with me twice. I think my appointed time is near. So be mindful of Allah and be patient, for I am an excellent predecessor for you.’ I wept as you saw. When he saw my distress, he spoke privately with me a second time, saying, ‘Fatimah, are you not pleased to be the leader of the believing women—or the leader of the women of this community?’

Ali ibn Abdullah narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us: al-Zuhri narrated to us, saying: Abbad ibn Tamim told me, from his paternal uncle, who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, lying on his back in the mosque, with one leg resting over the other.