Military Expeditions led by the Prophet (pbuh) (Al-Maghaazi)

The Companions of the Tree numbered thirteen hundred, and the tribe of Aslam made up one eighth of the Emigrants. Muḥammad ibn Bashshār corroborated it: Abū Dāwūd related to us, from Shuʿba.

Mirdās al-Aslamī, who was one of the Companions of the Tree, said: “The righteous will be taken away, one after another, and only refuse will remain, like the residue of dates and barley. Allah will pay them no regard.”

The Prophet set out in the year of al-Ḥudaybiya with a little over a thousand of his Companions. At Dhū al-Ḥulayfa he garlanded the sacrificial animals, marked them, and entered the state of consecration. The narrator said: I cannot count how many times I heard Sufyān relate this, until I heard him say, “I do not retain from al-Zuhrī the marking and garlanding.” So I do not know whether he meant that he did not retain where the marking and garlanding occurred, or the entire report.

The Messenger of Allah saw Kaʿb ibn ʿUjra while lice were falling onto his face and asked, “Are your vermin troubling you?” He said, “Yes.” The Messenger of Allah ordered him to shave while he was at al-Ḥudaybiya. The Prophet had not yet made clear to them that they would have to leave the consecrated state there, and they still hoped to enter Mecca. Allah revealed the expiation, and the Messenger of Allah ordered him to feed a faraq of food to six poor people, or offer a sheep, or fast for three days.

I went with ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb to the market when a young woman caught up with him. She said, “Commander of the Faithful, my husband has died, leaving small children. By Allah, they cannot even cook a shank of meat; they have no crops or livestock, and I fear the hyena will devour them. I am the daughter of Khufāf ibn Īmāʾ al-Ghifārī, whose father witnessed al-Ḥudaybiya with the Prophet.” ʿUmar stopped and stayed with her, then said, “Welcome to a close kinship.” He went to a strong camel tethered at home, loaded it with two large sacks filled with food, and placed provisions and clothes between them. He handed her its lead rope and said, “Lead it. It will not be exhausted before Allah brings you relief.” A man said, “Commander of the Faithful, you have given her a great deal.” ʿUmar replied, “May your mother be bereaved of you! By Allah, I can see this woman’s father and brother besieging a fortress for a long time and then conquering it; afterward, we came to share in their spoils.”

I saw the tree, then later came to it again and did not recognize it. Maḥmūd said: Then I forgot it afterward.

I set out on pilgrimage and passed a group of people praying. I asked, “What is this mosque?” They said, “This is the tree where the Messenger of Allah made the Pledge of Riḍwān.” I went to Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab and told him. Saʿīd said, “My father told me that he was among those who pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah beneath the tree. When we left the following year, we forgot where it was and could not find it.” Saʿīd said, “Were the Companions of Muḥammad unaware of it while you have found it? Then you must know better than they.”

His father had been among those who pledged allegiance beneath the tree. He said: We returned to it the following year, but it was obscured from us.

The tree was mentioned in the presence of Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab. He laughed and said, “My father told me about it, and he had witnessed it.”

Whenever people brought their alms to the Prophet, he would say, “O Allah, bless them.” When my father brought his alms, he said, “O Allah, bless the family of Abū Awfā.”

On the day of al-Ḥarra, while the people were pledging allegiance to ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥanẓala, Ibn Zayd was asked, “On what basis is Ibn Ḥanẓala taking allegiance from the people?” He was told, “On the basis of death.” He said, “I will not pledge anyone on that basis after the Messenger of Allah.” He had been present with him at al-Ḥudaybiya.

We used to pray the Friday prayer with the Prophet, then leave, while the walls had no shade in which we could shelter.

I asked Salama ibn al-Akwaʿ, “On what basis did you pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah on the day of al-Ḥudaybiya?” He said, “On the basis of death.”

I met al-Barāʾ ibn ʿĀzib and said, “How fortunate you are! You accompanied the Prophet and pledged allegiance to him beneath the tree.” He replied, “My nephew, you do not know what we introduced after him.”

Thābit ibn al-Ḍaḥḥāk informed him that he had pledged allegiance to the Prophet beneath the tree.

Anas said concerning the verse, “Indeed, We have granted you a clear victory”: “That was al-Ḥudaybiya.” His Companions said, “Congratulations; may it be wholesome! But what is there for us?” Then Allah revealed, “So that He may admit the believing men and believing women into gardens…” Shuʿba said: I went to Kufa and related all of this from Qatāda. When I returned and mentioned it to him, he said, “As for ‘Indeed, We have granted you…,’ that is from Anas; but ‘Congratulations; may it be wholesome’ is from ʿIkrima.”

I was tending a fire beneath the pot with donkey meat in it, when a caller of the Messenger of Allah announced, “The Messenger of Allah forbids you donkey meat.”

Mujzaʾa reported from one of them, a Companion of the Tree named Uhbān ibn Aws, who had a complaint in his knee: when he prostrated, he placed a cushion beneath his knee.

Sawīq was brought to the Messenger of Allah and his Companions, and they chewed it. Muʿādh corroborated it from Shuʿba.

I asked ʿĀʾidh ibn ʿAmr, a Companion of the Prophet and one of the Companions of the Tree, “Can the witr prayer be undone?” He said, “If you have prayed witr at the beginning of the night, do not pray witr again at the end.”