Prayers (Salat)
كتاب الصلاة
Chapter 3: To tie Izar (dress worn below the waist) at one's back while offering Salat (prayers)
عَقْدِ الإِزَارِ عَلَى الْقَفَا فِي الصَّلاَةِ
Sahl said, “Some people offered Salat (prayer) with the Prophet ﷺ with their Izar tied to their necks.”
I saw Jabir bin `Abdullah praying in a single garment and he said that he had seen the Prophet (ﷺ) praying in a single garment.
Chapter 4: To offer As-Salat (the prayers) with a single garment wrapped round the body
الصَّلاَةِ فِي الثَّوْبِ الْوَاحِدِ مُلْتَحِفًا بِهِ
Umm Hani رضي الله عنها said that the Prophet ﷺ wrapped his body with a single garment and crossed its ends over his shoulders.
(the freed slave of Um Hani) Um Hani, the daughter of Abi Talib said, "I went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) in the year of the conquest of Mecca and found him taking a bath and his daughter Fatima was screening him. I greeted him. He asked, 'Who is she?' I replied, 'I am Um Hani bint Abi Talib.' He said, 'Welcome! O Um Hani.' When he finished his bath he stood up and prayed eight rak`at while wearing a single garment wrapped round his body and when he finished I said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ! My brother has told me that he will kill a person whom I gave shelter and that person is so and so the son of Hubaira.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'We shelter the person whom you have sheltered.' " Um Hani added, "And that was before noon (Duha).
A person asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about the offering of the prayer in a single garment. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "Has every one of you got two garments?"
Chapter 5: If someone offers Salat (prayer) wrapped in a single garment, he should cross its corners round his shoulders
إِذَا صَلَّى فِي الثَّوْبِ الْوَاحِدِ فَلْيَجْعَلْ عَلَى عَاتِقَيْهِ
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "None of you should offer prayer in a single garment that does not cover the shoulders."
Chapter 6: If the garment is tight (over the body)
إِذَا كَانَ الثَّوْبُ ضَيِّقًا
The men used to pray with the Prophet (ﷺ) with their Izars tied around their necks as boys used to do; therefore the Prophet (ﷺ) told the women not to raise their heads till the men sat down straight (while praying).
Chapter 8: It is disliked to the naked during As-Salat (the prayers)
كَرَاهِيَةِ التَّعَرِّي فِي الصَّلاَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا
While Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was carrying stones (along) with the people of Mecca for (the building of) the Ka`ba wearing an Izar (waist-sheet cover), his uncle Al-`Abbas said to him, "O my nephew! (It would be better) if you take off your Izar and put it over your shoulders underneath the stones." So he took off his Izar and put it over his shoulders, but he fell unconscious and since then he had never been seen naked.
Chapter 9: To offer Salat (prayer) with a shirt, trousers, a Tubban or a Qaba (an outer garment with full length sleeves)
الصَّلاَةِ فِي الْقَمِيصِ وَالسَّرَاوِيلِ وَالتُّبَّانِ وَالْقَبَاءِ
A man stood up and asked the Prophet (ﷺ) about praying in a single garment. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Has every one of you two garments?" A man put a similar question to `Umar on which he replied, "When Allah makes you wealthier then you should clothe yourself properly during prayers. Otherwise one can pray with an Izar and a Rida' (a sheet covering the upper part of the body.) Izar and a shirt, Izar and a Qaba', trousers and a Rida, trousers and a shirt or trousers and a Qaba', Tubban and a Qaba' or Tubban and a shirt." (The narrator added, "I think that he also said a Tubban and a Rida. ")
Chapter 10: What may be used to cover the private parts of the body
مَا يَسْتُرُ مِنَ الْعَوْرَةِ
The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade two kinds of sales i.e. Al-Limais and An-Nibadh (the former is a kind of sale in which the deal is completed if the buyer touches a thing, without seeing or checking it properly and the latter is a kind of a sale in which the deal is completed when the seller throws a thing towards the buyer giving him no opportunity to see, touch or check it) and (the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade) also Ishtimal-As- Samma' and Al-Ihtiba' in a single garment.
Chapter 12: What is said about the thigh
مَا يُذْكَرُ فِي الْفَخِذِ
Narrated Ibn Abbas and Jarhad and Muhammad bin Jahsh The Prophet ﷺ said, “The thigh is Aurah (i.e., it is illegal to keep it bare).” And Anas bin Malik said, “The Prophet ﷺ uncovered his thigh.” The narration of Anas is dependable, but it would be safer to take Jarhad’s narration into consideration in order to get rid of the difference between them. Abu Musa said, “The Prophet ﷺ covered his knees when Uthman entered.” Zaid bin Thabit said, “Divine Revelation came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ while his thigh was on my thigh and it became so heavy that I was afraid that it might break my thigh.”
Anas said, 'When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) invaded Khaibar, we offered the Fajr prayer there (early in the morning) when it was still dark. The Prophet (ﷺ) rode and Abu Talha rode too and I was riding behind Abu Talha. The Prophet (ﷺ) passed through the lane of Khaibar quickly and my knee was touching the thigh of the Prophet (ﷺ) . He uncovered his thigh and I saw the whiteness of the thigh of the Prophet. When he entered the town, he said, 'Allahu Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. Whenever we approach near a (hostile) nation (to fight) then evil will be the morning of those who have been warned.' He repeated this thrice. The people came out for their jobs and some of them said, 'Muhammad (has come).' (Some of our companions added, "With his army.") We conquered Khaibar, took the captives, and the booty was collected. Dihya came and said, 'O Allah's Prophet! Give me a slave girl from the captives.' The Prophet said, 'Go and take any slave girl.' He took Safiya bint Huyai. A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)s! You gave Safiya bint Huyai to Dihya and she is the chief mistress of the tribes of Quraidha and An-Nadir and she befits none but you.' So the Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'Bring him along with her.' So Dihya came with her and when the Prophet (ﷺ) saw her, he said to Dihya, 'Take any slave girl other than her from the captives.' Anas added: The Prophet (ﷺ) then manumitted her and married her." Thabit asked Anas, "O Abu Hamza! What did the Prophet (ﷺ) pay her (as Mahr)?" He said, "Her self was her Mahr for he manumitted her and then married her." Anas added, "While on the way, Um Sulaim dressed her for marriage (ceremony) and at night she sent her as a bride to the Prophet (ﷺ) . So the Prophet was a bridegroom and he said, 'Whoever has anything (food) should bring it.' He spread out a leather sheet (for the food) and some brought dates and others cooking butter. (I think he (Anas) mentioned As-Sawaq). So they prepared a dish of Hais (a kind of meal). And that was Walima (the marriage banquet) of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ."
Chapter 15: If someone offers Salat (prayer) in a garment bearing marks of a cross or picture, will he Salat be annulled? And what is forbidden thereof
بَابُ إِنْ صَلَّى فِي ثَوْبٍ مُصَلَّبٍ أَوْ تَصَاوِيرَ هَلْ تَفْسُدُ صَلاَتُهُ وَمَا يُنْهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ
`Aisha had a Qiram (a thin marked woolen curtain) with which she had screened one side of her home. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Take away this Qiram of yours, as its pictures are still displayed in front of me during my prayer (i.e. they divert my attention from the prayer).
Chapter 16: Whoever offered Salat (prayer)in a silk Farruj (an outer garment opened at the back) and then took it off.
مَنْ صَلَّى فِي فَرُّوجِ حَرِيرٍ ثُمَّ نَزَعَهُ
The Prophet (ﷺ) was given a silken Farruj [??] as a present. He wore it while praying. When he had finished his prayer, he took it off violently as if with a strong aversion to it and said, "It is not the dress of Allah-fearing pious people."
Chapter 19: If the clothes of a prayer person in prostration touched his wife [would that make his Salat (prayer) invalid]?
إِذَا أَصَابَ ثَوْبُ الْمُصَلِّي امْرَأَتَهُ إِذَا سَجَدَ
Maimuna said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was praying while I was in my menses, sitting beside him and sometimes his clothes would touch me during his prostration." Maimuna added, "He prayed on a Khumra (a small mat sufficient just for the face and the hands while prostrating during prayers).
Chapter 22: To offer As-Salat (the prayers) on the bed
الصَّلاَةِ عَلَى الْفِرَاشِ
Anas offered Salat (prayer) on his bed. Anas said: We used to offer As-Salat (the prayer) with the Prophet ﷺ and prostrate on our clothes.
Allah Apostle prayed while I was lying like a dead body on his family bed between him and his Qibla.
Chapter 28: Superiority of (praying) facing the Qiblah with the toes toward it as well
فَضْلِ اسْتِقْبَالِ الْقِبْلَةِ
Abu Humaid said that referring to what the Prophet ﷺ said or used to do.
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "I have been ordered to fight the people till they say: 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah.' And if they say so, pray like our prayers, face our Qibla and slaughter as we slaughter, then their blood and property will be sacred to us and we will not interfere with them except legally and their reckoning will be with Allah."
Chapter 30: The Statement of Allah " And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham) (or the stone on which Abrahim stood while he was building the Kabah as a place of prayer (for some of your Salat e.g., two Raka after the Tawaf of Kabah)"
بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى}
Someone came to Ibn `Umar and said, "Here is Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) entering the Ka`ba." Ibn `Umar said, "I went there but the Prophet (ﷺ) had come out of the Ka`ba and I found Bilal standing between its two doors. I asked Bilal, 'Did the Prophet (ﷺ) pray in the Ka`ba?' Bilal replied, 'Yes, he prayed two rak`at between the two pillars which are to your left on entering the Ka`ba. Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came out and offered a two-rak`at prayer facing the Ka`ba.' "
Chapter 32: What has been said about (facing) the Qiblah (Kabah at Makkah) and wherever considered that there was no need to repeat the Salat (prayer) if someone offered prayers by mistake facing a direction other than that of the Qiblah
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْقِبْلَةِ، وَمَنْ لاَ يَرَى الإِعَادَةَ عَلَى مَنْ سَهَا فَصَلَّى إِلَى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ
When the Prophet ﷺ did Taslim after offering two Rak'a of Zuhr prayer he then faced the people and then completed the rest of the prayer.
While the people were offering the Fajr prayer at Quba' (near Medina), someone came to them and said: "It has been revealed to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) tonight, and he has been ordered to pray facing the Ka`ba." So turn your faces to the Ka`ba. Those people were facing Sham (Jerusalem) so they turned their faces towards Ka`ba (at Mecca).
"Once the Prophet (ﷺ) offered five rak`at in Zuhr prayer. He was asked, "Is there an increase in the prayer?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "And what is it?" They said, "You have prayed five rak`at.' So he bent his legs and performed two prostrations (of Sahu).
Chapter 33: To scrape off the sputum from the mosque with the hand (using some tool or other, or using n tool)
حَكِّ الْبُزَاقِ بِالْيَدِ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ
The Prophet (ﷺ) saw some sputum in the direction of the Qibla (on the wall of the mosque) and he disliked that and the sign of disgust was apparent from his face. So he got up and scraped it off with his hand and said, "Whenever anyone of you stands for the prayer, he is speaking in private to his Lord or his Lord is between him and his Qibla. So, none of you should spit in the direction of the Qibla but one can spit to the left or under his foot." The Prophet (ﷺ) then took the corner of his sheet and spat in it and folded it and said, "Or you can do this. "
(the mother of faithful believers) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw some nasal secretions, expectoration or sputum on the wall of the mosque in the direction of the Qibla and scraped it off.
Chapter 35: It is forbidden to spit on the right side while in Salat (prayers)
لاَ يَبْصُقْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ، فِي الصَّلاَةِ
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saw some expectoration on the wall of the mosque; he took gravel and scraped it off and said, "If anyone of you wanted to spit, he should neither spit in front of him nor on his right but could spit either on his left or under his left foot."