The Book of Prayer
كتاب الصلاة
I saw Bilal calling for prayer and I would follow (looking at) his mouth (as he turned it) this (right) side and that (left) side with his fingers in his ears.[Reported by Ahmad and at-Tirmidhi who graded it Sahih (authentic)].
In a narration of Ibn Majah - 'and he put his fingers in his ears'.
And also a narration of Abu Dawud - 'he turned his neck to the right and left when he reached Haiya 'alas-Salah (Come to the prayer) and did not turn his body'.
And its basic meaning is in Sahihain (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
The Prophet (ﷺ) liked his voice, so he taught him the Adhan (call to prayer).[Reported by Ibn Khuzaimah].
I prayed with the Prophet (ﷺ) the two 'Eids, not only once or twice, without an Adhan or an Iqamah.[Reported by Muslim].
A similar narration is in al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated by 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) and others.
Then Bilal proclaimed the Adhan and the Prophet (ﷺ) offered the prayer (while leading the Companions) as he used to do every day.[Reported by Muslim].
The Prophet (ﷺ) came to al-Muzdalifah and offered at it both the Maghrib and 'Isha prayers with one Adhan and two Iqamah.
The Prophet (ﷺ) combined the Maghrib and 'Isha prayers with one Iqamah.
"for each prayer".
The Adhan was not announced for any one of them.
وَعَنْ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ -رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا- أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -كَانَ يَقُولُ بَيْنَ اَلسَّجْدَتَيْنِ : { اَللَّهُمَّ اِغْفِرْ لِي, وَارْحَمْنِي, وَاهْدِنِي, وَعَافِنِي, وَارْزُقْنِي } رَوَاهُ اَلْأَرْبَعَةُ إِلَّا النَّسَائِيُّ, وَاللَّفْظُ لِأَبِي دَاوُدَ, وَصَحَّحَهُ اَلْحَاكِمُ. 1
1 - صحيح. رواه أبو داود (850) ، والترمذي (284) ، وابن ماجه (898) ، والحاكم (1 / 262/ 271).
There is an Idraj in its last part.
Bilal called for prayer before dawn and the Prophet (ﷺ) told him to return and announce: "Lo! the slave of Allah (i.e. Bilal) had slept (hence this mistake)".[Reported by Abu Dawud, and graded as Da'if (weak)].
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When you hear the Adhan repeat what the Mu'adhdhin (the call-maker) says."[Agreed upon].
And al-Bukhari has reported similarly in a narration by Mu'awiyah (RA).
"Haiya 'alas-Salah, Haiya 'alal-Falah (Come to the prayer and come to the success)", one should say: "La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah [there is no might and no power except with (the help of) Allah]."
He said, "O Messenger of Allah, appointment as the Imam (leader) of my people (in prayers). He (ﷺ) said: "You are their Imam, but you should follow (observe the strength of) the weakest among them and appoint a Mu'adhdhin who does not charge for the call of Adhan."[Reported by al-Khamsah, at-Tirmidhi graded it Hasan (good) and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic)].
The Prophet (ﷺ) said to us, "When the time of Salat (prayer) comes, one of you should announce the Adhan."[Reported by as-Sab'ah].
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to Bilal, "When you announce the Adhan, utter deliberately and when you pronounce the Iqamah utter quickly, and leave between your Adhan and your Iqamah time for one who is eating to finish his food."[Reported by at-Tirmidhi who graded it Da'if (weak)].