The Book of the Adhan (The Call to Prayer)

Isma'il ibn Mas'ud and Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-A'la reported to us. They said: Yazid—Ibn Zuray'—narrated to us. He said: Shu'bah narrated to us, from Musa ibn Abi 'Uthman, from Abu Yahya, from Abu Hurayrah, who heard directly from the mouth of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): 'The caller to prayer is forgiven as far as his voice reaches, and every moist and dry thing will bear witness for him.'

Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna reported to us. He said: Mu'adh ibn Hisham narrated to us. He said: My father narrated to me, from Qatadah, from Abu Ishaq al-Kufi, from al-Bara' ibn 'Azib, that the Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Allah and His angels send blessings upon the front row. The caller to prayer is forgiven as far as his voice reaches, and every moist and dry thing that hears him affirms his call. He receives a reward equal to that of those who pray with him.'

Suwayd ibn Nasr reported to us. He said: 'Abd Allah—Ibn al-Mubarak—informed us, from Sufyan, from Abu Ja'far, from Abu Salman, from Abu Mahdhurah, who said: I used to give the call to prayer for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). In the first call for Fajr, I would say, Come to salvation; prayer is better than sleep, prayer is better than sleep; Allah is greatest twice; there is no god but Allah.

'Amr ibn 'Ali reported to us. He said: Yahya and 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, from Sufyan, with a report similar to the preceding one through the same chain. Abu 'Abd al-Rahman said: He is not Abu Ja'far al-Farra'.

Muhammad ibn Ma'dan ibn 'Isa reported to us. He said: Al-Hasan ibn A'yan narrated to us. He said: Zuhayr narrated to us. He said: Al-A'mash narrated to us, from Ibrahim, from al-Aswad, from Bilal, who said: 'The final words of the adhan are: Allah is greatest twice; there is no god but Allah.'

Suwayd reported to us. He said: 'Abd Allah informed us, from Sufyan, from Mansur, from Ibrahim, from al-Aswad, who said: The final words of Bilal's call to prayer were: Allah is greatest twice; there is no god but Allah.

Suwayd reported to us. He said: 'Abd Allah informed us, from Sufyan, from al-A'mash, from Ibrahim, from al-Aswad, with a report like the preceding one.

Suwayd reported to us. He said: 'Abd Allah narrated to us, from Yunus ibn Abi Ishaq, from Muharib ibn Dithar, who said: Al-Aswad ibn Yazid narrated to me, from Abu Mahdhurah, that the final words of the adhan are: There is no god but Allah.

Qutaybah reported to us. He said: Sufyan narrated to us, from 'Amr ibn Dinar, from 'Amr ibn Aws, who said: A man from Thaqif informed us that he heard the caller of the Prophet (ﷺ)—on a rainy night while traveling—say, 'Come to prayer! Come to salvation! Pray in your dwellings.'

Qutaybah reported to us, from Malik, from Nafi', that Ibn 'Umar gave the call to prayer on a cold, windy night and said, 'Pray in your dwellings. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to instruct the caller, on a cold, rainy night, to say: Pray in your dwellings.'

Ibrahim ibn Harun reported to us. He said: Hatim ibn Isma'il narrated to us. He said: Ja'far ibn Muhammad informed us, from his father, that Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) traveled until he reached 'Arafah, where he found the tent pitched for him at Namirah, and stayed there. When the sun passed its zenith, he ordered that al-Qaswa' be saddled for him. When he reached the floor of the valley, he addressed the people. Then Bilal gave the call to prayer, the iqamah was called, and he prayed Zuhr. Then the iqamah was called again, and he prayed 'Asr, performing no prayer between them.

Ibrahim ibn Harun reported to me. He said: Hatim ibn Isma'il narrated to us. He said: Ja'far ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from his father, that Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) continued until he reached Muzdalifah and prayed Maghrib and 'Isha' there with one call to prayer and two iqamahs, performing no prayer between them.

'Ali ibn Hujr reported to us. He said: Sharik informed us, from Salamah ibn Kuhayl, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn 'Umar, who said: We were with him at Jam' (Muzdalifah). He gave the call to prayer, then the iqamah, and led us in Maghrib. Then he said, 'The prayer!' and led us in 'Isha', praying two rak'ahs. I asked, 'What prayer is this?' He said, 'This is how I prayed with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) at this place.'

Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna reported to us. He said: 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us. He said: Shu'bah narrated to us, from al-Hakam and Salamah ibn Kuhayl, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, who prayed Maghrib and 'Isha' at Jam' (Muzdalifah) with one iqamah. Then he related from Ibn 'Umar that he did the same, and Ibn 'Umar related that the Prophet (ﷺ) did the same.

'Amr ibn 'Ali reported to us. He said: Yahya ibn Sa'id narrated to us. He said: Isma'il—Ibn Abi Khalid—narrated to us. He said: Abu Ishaq narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn 'Umar, that he prayed with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) at Jam' (Muzdalifah) with one iqamah.

Ishaq ibn Ibrahim reported to us, from Waki', who said: Ibn Abi Dhi'b narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Salim, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) combined the two prayers at Muzdalifah. He prayed each with an iqamah and performed no voluntary prayer before or after either one.

'Amr ibn 'Ali reported to us. He said: Yahya narrated to us. He said: Ibn Abi Dhi'b narrated to us. He said: Sa'id ibn Abi Sa'id narrated to us, from 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Sa'id, from his father, who said: On the day of the Trench, the polytheists kept us from praying Zuhr until the sun had set. This was before the rulings concerning fighting had been revealed. Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed: Allah sufficed the believers in battle. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ordered Bilal to call the iqamah for Zuhr, and he prayed it as he would have prayed it at its proper time. Then Bilal called the iqamah for 'Asr, and he prayed it as he would have prayed it at its proper time. Then Bilal gave the call for Maghrib, and he prayed it as he would have prayed it at its proper time.

Hannad reported to us, from Hushaim, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Nafi' ibn Jubayr, from Abu 'Ubaydah, who said: 'Abd Allah said: The polytheists kept the Prophet (ﷺ) from four prayers on the day of the Trench. He ordered Bilal to give the call to prayer, then the iqamah was called and he prayed Zuhr; then the iqamah was called and he prayed 'Asr; then it was called and he prayed Maghrib; then it was called and he prayed 'Isha'.

Al-Qasim ibn Zakariyya ibn Dinar reported to us. He said: Husayn ibn 'Ali narrated to us, from Za'idah. He said: Sa'id ibn Abi 'Arubah narrated to us. He said: Hisham narrated to us: Abu al-Zubayr al-Makki told them, from Nafi' ibn Jubayr, that Abu 'Ubaydah ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud told them that 'Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud said: We were on an expedition, and the polytheists kept us from praying Zuhr, 'Asr, Maghrib, and 'Isha'. When they withdrew, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ordered a caller to call the iqamah for Zuhr, and we prayed. He called the iqamah for 'Asr, and we prayed; then for Maghrib, and we prayed; then for 'Isha', and we prayed. Then he came around to us and said, 'There is no group on earth remembering Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, other than you.'

Qutaybah reported to us. He said: Al-Layth narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Habib, that Suwayd ibn Qays told him, from Mu'awiyah ibn Hudayj, that one day the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed and ended with the taslim while one rak'ah remained. A man caught up with him and said, 'You have omitted one rak'ah of the prayer.' He entered the mosque and ordered Bilal to call the iqamah. Then he led the people in praying one rak'ah. I told people about this, and they asked me, 'Do you know who the man was?' I said, 'No, not unless I see him.' Then he passed by me, and I said, 'That is him.' They said, 'That is Talhah ibn 'Ubayd Allah.'