General Behavior (Kitab Al-Adab)

Hafs ibn Umar narrated to us: Shu bah narrated to us, from Abu Aqil, from Sabiq ibn Najiyah, from Abu Sallam, who was in the mosque of Hims when a man passed by. They said: This man served the Prophet ﷺ. He went to him and said: Tell me a hadith you heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, with no men mediating between you and him. The man said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Whoever says in the morning and evening, We are pleased with Allah as Lord, with Islam as religion, and with Muhammad as Messenger, Allah is bound to make him pleased.

Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us: Yahya ibn Hassan and Ismail narrated to us: Sulayman ibn Bilal narrated to us, from Rabiah ibn Abi Abd al-Rahman, from Abdullah ibn Anbasah, from Abdullah ibn Ghannam al-Bayadi: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Whoever says in the morning, O Allah, whatever blessing has come to me this morning is from You alone, without partner. To You belong the praise and thanks. He has fulfilled the thanks due for his day. Whoever says the same in the evening has fulfilled the thanks due for his night.

Ibn Umar said: The Messenger of Allah never omitted these supplications in the evening and the morning: O Allah, I ask You for well-being in this world and the Hereafter. O Allah, I ask You for pardon and well-being in my religion, my worldly life, my family, and my property. O Allah, conceal my faults—Uthman’s version has faults in the plural—and calm my fears. O Allah, protect me from in front of me, from behind me, from my right, from my left, and from above me. I seek refuge in Your greatness from being taken unaware from beneath me. Abu Dawud said: Waki said this means being swallowed by the earth.

The Prophet’s daughter told her that the Prophet used to teach her, saying: Say in the morning: Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him; there is no power except through Allah. What Allah wills comes to pass, and what He does not will does not come to pass. Know that Allah has power over all things and that Allah encompasses all things in His knowledge. Whoever says these words in the morning will be protected until evening, and whoever says them in the evening will be protected until morning.

The Messenger of Allah said: Whoever says in the morning, So glory be to Allah when you enter the evening and when you enter the morning; to Him belongs praise in the heavens and the earth, at nightfall and when you are at noon, through and thus you will be brought forth, will make up what he missed during that day. Whoever says them in the evening will make up what he missed during that night. Al-Rabi transmitted it from al-Layth.

The Messenger of Allah said: Whoever says in the morning, There is no god but Allah alone, without partner; to Him belongs dominion and praise, and He has power over all things, will have the reward of freeing a descendant of Ishmael. Ten good deeds will be recorded for him, ten bad deeds erased, and his rank raised by ten degrees; he will be protected from Satan until evening. If he says it in the evening, he will receive the same until morning. In Hammād’s version, a man saw the Messenger of Allah in a dream and said: Messenger of Allah, Abu Ayyash relates such-and-such from you. He replied: Abu Ayyash has spoken the truth. Abu Dawud said: Ismail ibn Jafar, Musa al-Zam‘i, and Abdullah ibn Jafar also transmitted it from Suhayl, from his father, from Ibn Aish.

The Messenger of Allah said: Whoever says in the morning, O Allah, this morning I call You, the bearers of Your Throne, Your angels, and all Your creation to witness that You are Allah; there is no god but You alone, without partner, and that Muhammad is Your servant and Messenger, will be forgiven for any sin he commits that day. If he says it in the evening, he will be forgiven for any sin he commits that night.

The Messenger of Allah confided to me: When you finish the sunset prayer, say seven times: O Allah, protect me from the Fire. If you say this and die that night, protection from it will be recorded for you. When you pray the dawn prayer, say the same; if you die that day, protection from it will be recorded for you. Abu Said related to me from al-Harith that he said: The Messenger of Allah confided it to us, so we reserve it especially for our brothers.

This version reports similarly up to the words protection from the Fire, but adds: say it before speaking to anyone. Ali ibn Sahl’s version says his father related it to him. Ali and Ibn al-Musaffa said: The Messenger of Allah sent us on a military expedition. When we reached the raiding place, I urged my horse on and rode ahead of my companions. The people met me with loud cries, so I told them, Say: There is no god but Allah, and you will be safe. They said it. My companions blamed me, saying, You deprived us of the spoils. When we came to the Messenger of Allah, they told him what I had done. He summoned me, praised what I had done, and said: Allah has recorded for you such-and-such reward for each one of them. Abd al-Rahman said: I have forgotten the reward. Then the Messenger of Allah said: I shall write a testament for you after me. He did so, sealed it, and handed it to me. The report then mentions the same meaning. Ibn al-Musaffa said: I heard al-Harith ibn Muslim ibn al-Harith al-Tamimi narrate from his father.

Abu al-Darda said: Whoever says seven times in the morning and evening, Allah is sufficient for me; there is no god but He. In Him I put my trust, and He is Lord of the Mighty Throne, Allah will suffice him in whatever concerns him, whether he says it sincerely or not.

Abdullah ibn Khubayb said: We went out on a night of rain and intense darkness, seeking the Messenger of Allah so that he might lead us in prayer. We caught up with him, and he asked, Have you prayed? I said nothing. He repeated, Say, twice, and I still said nothing. When he said it a third time, I asked, Messenger of Allah, what should I say? He replied: Say, He is Allah, the One, and the two chapters of refuge, in the evening and in the morning, three times; they will suffice you against everything.

Abu Malik said: They asked, Messenger of Allah, teach us words to say when we enter the morning and evening and when we lie down. He instructed them to say: O Allah, Originator of the heavens and the earth, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, You are Lord of all things. The angels testify that there is no god but You. We seek refuge in You from the evil within ourselves, from the evil of Satan, the rejected one, and his associating partners with You, and from committing evil against ourselves or bringing it upon a Muslim.

Abu Dawud said, with this chain, that the Messenger of Allah said: When one of you enters the morning, let him say: We have entered the morning, and all dominion belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds. O Allah, I ask You for the good of this day: its opening, its victory, its light, its blessing, and its guidance. I seek refuge in You from the evil in it and the evil that comes after it. When evening comes, let him say the same.

Aisha was asked what the Messenger of Allah began with when he awoke during the night. She said: You have asked me something no one before you has asked me. When he awoke in the night, he said Allahu akbar ten times, praised Allah ten times, said Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him ten times, Glory be to the King, the Most Holy ten times, sought forgiveness ten times, and declared that there is no god but Allah ten times. Then he said: O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the distress of this world and the distress of the Day of Resurrection, ten times. Then he began the prayer.

Abu Huraira said: When the Messenger of Allah was travelling and it became late before dawn, he would say: A witness has heard our praise of Allah, His blessing, and His fine trial of us. O Allah, accompany us and bestow Your favor upon us. He said this seeking refuge with Allah from the Fire.

Abu Dharr used to say: Whoever says in the morning, O Allah, every oath I have sworn, every statement I have made, and every vow I have made are all subject to Your will: what You will comes to pass, and what You do not will does not come to pass. O Allah, forgive me and pardon me. O Allah, whoever You bless, let my blessing be upon him, and whoever You curse, let my curse be upon him, will remain having made an exception that day—or, he said, on that day.

Uthman ibn Affan said that the Messenger of Allah said: Whoever says three times, In the name of Allah, with whose name nothing on earth or in heaven can cause harm; He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, will not be struck by a sudden calamity until morning. Whoever says it three times in the morning will not be struck by a sudden calamity until evening. Aban ibn Uthman was then afflicted with paralysis. The man who had heard the hadith from him kept looking at him, so Aban said: Why are you looking at me? By Allah, I did not lie about Uthman, nor did Uthman lie about the Prophet. But on the day this happened to me, I was angry and forgot to say it.

Anas ibn Iyad related from Abu Mawdud, from Muhammad ibn Kab, from Aban ibn Uthman, from Uthman, from the Prophet a report similar to the preceding one, but he did not mention the story of the paralysis.

Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakra said to his father: Father, I hear you supplicate every morning: O Allah, grant well-being to my body; O Allah, grant well-being to my hearing; O Allah, grant well-being to my sight. You repeat it three times in the morning and three times in the evening. He replied: I heard the Messenger of Allah supplicate with these words, and I love to follow his practice. Al-Abbas’s version adds: O Allah, I seek refuge in You from disbelief and poverty. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave. There is no god but You. He repeated this three times in the morning and three times in the evening, saying that he loved to follow the Prophet’s practice. He also said that the Messenger of Allah said: The supplication of one in distress is: O Allah, I hope for Your mercy, so do not leave me to myself even for the blink of an eye. Set all my affairs right for me. There is no god but You. Some transmitters add words to what others report.

The Messenger of Allah said: Whoever says in the morning, Glory be to Allah the Almighty and praise be to Him, one hundred times, and does the same in the evening, no one among creation will have brought anything comparable to what he has brought.