General Behavior (Kitab Al-Adab)

Muhammad ibn ‘Awf narrated to us; Sa‘id ibn Abi Maryam narrated to us; Yahya ibn Ayyub informed us, saying: ‘Umara ibn Ghaziyyah told me that Muhammad ibn Ibrahim related to him, from Abu Salamah ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman, from ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned from the campaign of Tabuk—or Khaybar. A gust of wind lifted one side of the curtain over her alcove and revealed some dolls belonging to ‘A’ishah. He asked, ‘What are these, ‘A’ishah?’ She replied, ‘My dolls.’ Among them he saw a horse with two wings made from scraps of cloth and asked, ‘What is that among them?’ She said, ‘A horse.’ He asked, ‘And what are these on it?’ She replied, ‘Two wings.’ He said, ‘A horse with two wings?’ She said, ‘Have you not heard that Solomon had horses with wings?’ She said that he laughed so heartily she could see his molar teeth.

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; Hammad narrated to us. [Another chain:] Bishr ibn Khalid narrated to us; Abu Usamah narrated to us. Both said: Hisham ibn ‘Urwah narrated to us, from his father, from ‘A’ishah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ married me when I was seven years old. When we came to Medina, some women came—or, in Bishr’s version, Umm Ruman came to me—while I was on a swing. They took me, prepared me, and adorned me. I was then brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he consummated the marriage when I was nine. A woman stopped me at the door, and I said, ‘Hih, hih’—Abu Dawud said this means that I breathed. I was then brought into a room where there were women of the Ansar. They said, ‘May it be for goodness and blessing.’ The two reports are interwoven.

Ibrahim ibn Sa‘id narrated to us; Abu Usamah narrated to us a similar report. He said: They welcomed me with good fortune and handed me over to the women. They washed my head and prepared me. Nothing startled me except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arriving in the forenoon, and they handed me over to him.

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; Hammad narrated to us; Hisham ibn ‘Urwah informed us, from ‘Urwah, from ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: When we came to Medina, some women came to me while I was playing on a swing, with my hair arranged. They took me, prepared me, and adorned me; then they brought me to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he consummated the marriage when I was nine years old.

Bishr ibn Khalid informed us; Abu Usamah informed us; Hisham ibn ‘Urwah narrated to us, with his chain for this report. ‘A’ishah said: I was on the swing with my female companions, and they took me into a house where there were women of the Ansar. They said, ‘May it be for goodness and blessing.’

‘Ubayd Allah ibn Mu‘adh narrated to us; my father narrated to us; Muhammad—meaning Ibn ‘Amr—narrated to us, from Yahya—meaning Ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Hatib—who said: ‘A’ishah said: We came to Medina and settled among Banu al-Harith ibn al-Khazraj. By Allah, I was on a swing between two date clusters. My mother came and brought me down, and I had a small lock of hair. He then related the rest of the report.

‘Abd Allah ibn Maslamah narrated to us, from Malik, from Musa ibn Maysarah, from Sa‘id ibn Abi Hind, from Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘Whoever plays backgammon has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger.’

Musaddad narrated to us; Yahya narrated to us, from Sufyan, from ‘Alqamah ibn Marthad, from Sulayman ibn Buraydah, from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said, ‘Whoever plays nardashir is like one who dips his hand into the flesh and blood of a pig.’

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; Hammad narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn ‘Amr, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a man chasing a pigeon and said, ‘A devil is chasing a she-devil.’

Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Musaddad said—with the same meaning—that Sufyan narrated to us, from ‘Amr, from Abu Qabus, a client of ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amr, from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amr, attributing it to the Prophet ﷺ, who said, ‘The Most Merciful shows mercy to those who are merciful. Show mercy to those on earth, and the One in heaven will show mercy to you.’ Musaddad did not say that Abu Qabus was the client of ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amr; he said only, ‘The Prophet ﷺ said.’

Hafs ibn ‘Umar said: H narrated to us. Ibn Kathir said: Shu‘bah informed us. Mansur wrote to me—Ibn Kathir said in his version: I read it to him, and asked, ‘May I say that Mansur narrated it to me?’ He replied, ‘If you read it to me, then I have narrated it to you.’ Then they agreed: Abu ‘Uthman, the client of al-Mughirah ibn Shu‘bah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: I heard Abu al-Qasim, the truthful and confirmed, the occupant of this chamber ﷺ, say, ‘Mercy is removed only from a wretched person.’

Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ibn al-Sarh said: Sufyan narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Ibn ‘Amir, from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amr, who related it—from the Prophet ﷺ, according to Ibn al-Sarh—who said, ‘Whoever does not show mercy to our young and recognize the rights of our elders is not one of us.’

Ahmad ibn Yunus narrated to us; Zuhayr narrated to us; Suhayl ibn Abi Salih narrated to us, from ‘Ata’ ibn Yazid, from Tamim al-Dari, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘Religion is sincere counsel. Religion is sincere counsel. Religion is sincere counsel.’ They asked, ‘To whom, Messenger of Allah?’ He replied, ‘To Allah, His Book, His Messenger, the leaders of the believers and their ordinary people, and the leaders of the Muslims and their ordinary people.’

‘Amr ibn ‘Awn narrated to us; Khalid narrated to us, from Yunus, from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id, from Abu Zur‘ah ibn ‘Amr ibn Jarir, from Jarir, who said: I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to listen and obey, and to give sincere counsel to every Muslim. When Jarir bought or sold something, he would say, ‘What we have taken from you is dearer to us than what we have given you, so choose.’

Abu Bakr and ‘Uthman, the two sons of Abu Shaybah, said—with the same meaning—that Abu Mu‘awiyah narrated to us. ‘Uthman and Jarir al-Razi said: [The chain continues:] Wasil ibn ‘Abd al-A‘la narrated to us; Asbat narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Salih—Wasil said, ‘I was told from Abu Salih’—then all agreed, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said, ‘Whoever relieves a Muslim of one of the distresses of this world, Allah will relieve him of one of the distresses of the Day of Resurrection. Whoever makes things easier for someone in hardship, Allah will make things easier for him in this world and the Hereafter. Whoever conceals a Muslim’s fault, Allah will conceal his fault in this world and the Hereafter. Allah helps the servant as long as the servant helps his brother.’ Abu Dawud said: ‘Uthman did not include the words from Abu Mu‘awiyah, ‘Whoever makes things easier for someone in hardship.’

Muhammad ibn Kathir informed us; Sufyan informed us, from Abu Malik al-Ashja‘i, from Rib‘i ibn Hirash, from Hudhayfah, who said: Your Prophet ﷺ said, ‘Every good deed is charity.’

‘Amr ibn ‘Awn said: H informed us. [Another chain:] Musaddad said: Hushaym narrated to us, from Dawud ibn ‘Amr, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Abi Zakariyya, from Abu al-Darda’, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘On the Day of Resurrection you will be called by your names and your fathers’ names, so choose good names.’ Abu Dawud said: Ibn Abi Zakariyya did not meet Abu al-Darda’.

Ibrahim ibn Ziyad Sablan narrated to us; ‘Abbad ibn ‘Abbad narrated to us, from ‘Ubayd Allah, from Nafi‘, from Ibn ‘Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘The names dearest to Allah, Exalted is He, are ‘Abd Allah and ‘Abd al-Rahman.’

Harun ibn ‘Abd Allah narrated to us; Hisham ibn Sa‘id al-Talqani informed us; Muhammad ibn al-Muhajir al-Ansari informed us, saying: ‘Aqil ibn Shabib told me, from Abu Wahb al-Jushami, who was a Companion, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘Give yourselves the names of the Prophets. The names dearest to Allah are ‘Abd Allah and ‘Abd al-Rahman; the truest names are Harith and Hammam; and the ugliest names are Harb and Murrah.’

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; Hammad ibn Salamah narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, who said: I took ‘Abd Allah ibn Abi Talhah, just after he was born, to the Prophet ﷺ, who was wearing a wool cloak and treating one of his camels with tar. He asked, ‘Do you have any dates?’ I said, ‘Yes.’ I gave him some dates. He put them in his mouth, chewed them, then opened the baby’s mouth and placed them in it. The baby began moving his lips. The Prophet ﷺ said, ‘The Ansar love dates.’ And he named him ‘Abd Allah.