“The testimony of a Bedouin against a town-dweller is not permissible.”

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed judgment on the basis of an oath (from the claimant) along with a (single) witness. [This is in the absence of two witnesses.]

the Prophet (ﷺ) passed judgement on the basis of an oath (from the claimant) along with a (single) witness.

“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed judgement on the basis of a witness along with an oath by the claimant.

the Prophet (ﷺ) allowed the testimony of a man along with the oath of the claimant.

the Prophet(ﷺ) prayed the Morning prayer, and when he had finished, he stood up and said: “Bearing false witness is equivalent to associating others with Allah,” three times. Then he recited this Verse: “And shun lying speech (false statements), Hunafa' Lillah (i.e., worshiping none but Allah), not associating partners (in worship) to Him.”

'The one who bears false witness will not move away (on the Day of Resurrection) until Allah condemns him to Hell.' ”

the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) allowed the People of the Book to testify against one another.