The Book of Zakah

Ishaq ibn Ibrahim reported: Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Saeed, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ. [A second chain:] Ishaq ibn Ibrahim reported: Abd al-Razzaq informed us: Mamar narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Saeed and Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said: Injury caused by an unrestrained animal is without liability; a well is without liability; a mine is without liability; and one fifth is due on buried treasure.

Yunus ibn Abd al-Ala reported: Ibn Wahb narrated to us: Yunus informed me, from Ibn Shihab, from Saeed and Ubayd Allah ibn Abd Allah, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, with a report similar to the preceding one.

Qutaybah reported from Malik, from Ibn Shihab, from Saeed and Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Injury caused by an unrestrained animal is without liability; a well is without liability; a mine is without liability; and one fifth is due on buried treasure.

Yaqoub ibn Ibrahim reported: Hushaim narrated to us: Mansur and Hisham informed us, from Ibn Sirin, from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: A well is without liability; an unrestrained animal is without liability; a mine is without liability; and one fifth is due on buried treasure.

Al-Mughirah ibn Abd al-Rahman informed me: Ahmad ibn Abi Shuayb narrated to us, from Musa ibn Ayan, from Amr ibn al-Harith, from Amr ibn Shuayb, from his father, from his grandfather, who said: Hilal came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with the tenth due from his bees and asked him to reserve for him a valley called Salabah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ reserved that valley for him. When Umar ibn al-Khattab took office, Sufyan ibn Wahb wrote to Umar ibn al-Khattab asking him about it. Umar wrote: If he pays you what he used to pay the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from one tenth of his honey, then reserve Salabah for him. Otherwise, it is merely a rain-season swarm for anyone to take.

Imran ibn Musa reported from Abd al-Warith, who said: Ayyub narrated to us, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed the zakah of Ramadan for the free person and the slave, male and female: one sa of dates or one sa of barley. People equated that with half a sa of wheat.

Qutaybah reported: Hammad narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed the sadaqat al-fitr for males and females, free persons and enslaved persons: one sa of dates or one sa of barley. He said: People shifted to half a sa of wheat.

Qutaybah reported: Malik narrated to us, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed the zakah of Ramadan for every young and old person, free or enslaved, male or female: one sa of dates or one sa of barley.

Muhammad ibn Salamah and al-Harith ibn Miskin reported; it was read to him while I listened—and this is his wording—from Ibn al-Qasim, who said: Malik narrated to me, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed the zakah of breaking the fast at the end of Ramadan for the people: one sa of dates or one sa of barley, for every free or enslaved Muslim, male or female.

Yahya ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sakan reported: Muhammad ibn Jahdam narrated to us: Ismail ibn Jafar narrated to us, from Umar ibn Nafi, from his father, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed the zakah of breaking the fast: one sa of dates or one sa of barley, for free and enslaved persons, males and females, young and old, among the Muslims. He ordered that it be paid before the people went out to the prayer.

Ishaq ibn Ibrahim reported: Isa informed us: Ubayd Allah narrated to us, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed the sadaqat al-fitr for the young and old, male and female, free and enslaved: one sa of dates or one sa of barley.

Ismail ibn Masud reported: Yazid ibn Zuray narrated to us: Shuubah informed us, from al-Hakam ibn Utaybah, from al-Qasim ibn Mukhaymirah, from Amr ibn Shurahbil, from Qays ibn Sad ibn Ubadah, who said: We used to fast on Ashura and pay the zakah of breaking the fast. When Ramadan came down and zakah was prescribed, we were neither commanded to do that nor forbidden from it, and we continued doing it.

Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak reported: Waki narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Salamah ibn Kuhayl, from al-Qasim ibn Mukhaymirah, from Abu Ammar al-Hamdani, from Qays ibn Sad, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to give the sadaqat al-fitr before zakah was prescribed. When zakah was prescribed, he neither commanded us nor forbade us, and we continued doing it. Abu Abd al-Rahman said: Abu Ammar was named Arib ibn Humayd; Amr ibn Shurahbil was given the kunya Abu Maysarah; and Salamah ibn Kuhayl differed from al-Hakam in its chain. Al-Hakam is more reliable than Salamah ibn Kuhayl.

Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna reported: Khalid—meaning Ibn al-Harith—narrated to us: Humayd narrated to us, from al-Hasan, who said: Ibn Abbas, while governor of Basra, said at the end of the month: Pay the zakah of your fast. The people looked at one another. He said: Those of you here who are from Madinah, stand up and teach your brothers, for they do not know. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed this zakah for every male and female, free or enslaved: one sa of barley or dates, or half a sa of wheat. So they stood. Hisham differed from him, saying: From Muhammad ibn Sirin.

Ali ibn Maymun reported from Makhlad, from Hisham, from Ibn Sirin, from Ibn Abbas, who mentioned the sadaqat al-fitr and said: One sa of wheat, or one sa of dates, or one sa of barley, or one sa of sult.

Qutaybah reported: Hammad narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Abu Raja, who said: I heard Ibn Abbas preaching from your pulpit—meaning the pulpit of Basra—saying: The sadaqat al-fitr is one sa of food. Abu Abd al-Rahman said: This is the most reliable of the three reports.

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Harb reported: Muhriz ibn al-Waddah narrated to us, from Ismail—meaning Ibn Umayyah—from al-Harith ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Dhibab, from Iyad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Sarh, from Abu Saeed al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed the sadaqat al-fitr: one sa of barley, or one sa of dates, or one sa of aqit.

Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak reported: Waki narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Zayd ibn Aslam, from Iyad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Sarh, from Abu Saeed, who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was among us, we used to give the zakah of breaking the fast as one sa of food, or one sa of barley, or one sa of dates, or one sa of raisins, or one sa of aqit.

Hannad ibn al-Sari reported from Waki, from Dawud ibn Qays, from Iyad ibn Abd Allah, from Abu Saeed, who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was among us, we used to give the sadaqat al-fitr as one sa of food, or one sa of dates, or one sa of barley, or one sa of aqit. We continued doing so until Muawiyah came from Syria. Among the things he taught the people was his saying: I think two mudd of Syrian wheat equal one sa of this. The people adopted that.

Muhammad ibn Mansur reported: Sufyan narrated to us, from Ibn Ajlan, who said: I heard Iyad ibn Abd Allah relate from Abu Saeed al-Khudri, who said: In the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, we gave only one sa of dates, or one sa of barley, or one sa of raisins, or one sa of flour, or one sa of aqit, or one sa of sult. Then Sufyan became uncertain and said: Flour or sult.