Foods (Kitab Al-At'imah)

Malik narrated to us, from Nafiʿ, from ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “When one of you is invited to a wedding feast, let him attend it.”

Makhlad ibn Khalid narrated to us: Abu Usamah narrated to us, from ʿUbayd Allah, from Nafiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the same, adding: “If he is not fasting, let him eat; but if he is fasting, let him supplicate.”

Al-Hasan ibn ʿAli narrated to us: ʿAbd al-Razzaq narrated to us: Maʿmar informed us, from Ayyub, from Nafiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “When one of you invites his brother, let him accept, whether it is for a wedding feast or something similar.”

Ibn al-Musaffa narrated to us: Baqiyyah narrated to us: al-Zubaydi narrated to us, from Nafiʿ, with the chain of Ayyub and its meaning.

Muhammad ibn Kathir narrated to us: Sufyan informed us, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever is invited, let him accept. If he wishes, he may eat; and if he wishes, he may leave it.”

Musaddad narrated to us: Durust ibn Ziyad narrated to us, from Aban ibn Tariq, from Tariq, from Nafiʿ, who said: ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever is invited but does not respond has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger. Whoever enters without an invitation enters as a thief and leaves as a raider.” Abu Dawud said: Aban ibn Tariq is unknown.

Al-Qaʿnabi narrated to us, from Malik, from Ibn Shihab, from al-Aʿraj, from Abu Hurayrah, who used to say: “The worst food is the food of a wedding feast to which the rich are invited and the poor are left out. Whoever does not come to the invitation has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger.”

Musaddad and Qutaybah ibn Saʿid narrated to us, saying: Hammad narrated to us, from Thabit, who said: The marriage of Zaynab daughter of Jahsh was mentioned in the presence of Anas ibn Malik. He said: “I did not see the Messenger of Allah ﷺ hold a wedding feast for any of his wives like the one he held for her. He held it with a sheep.”

Hamid ibn Yahya narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us: Waʾil ibn Dawud narrated to us, from his son Bakr ibn Waʾil, from al-Zuhri, from Anas ibn Malik: The Prophet ﷺ held a wedding feast for Safiyyah with roasted grain meal and dates.

Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna narrated to us: ʿAffan ibn Muslim narrated to us: Hammam narrated to us: Qatadah narrated to us, from al-Hasan, from ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUthman al-Thaqafi, from a one-eyed man of Thaqif who was called Maʿruf—that is, he was spoken well of, though if his name was not Zuhayr ibn ʿUthman, I do not know what his name was—that the Prophet ﷺ said: “The wedding feast on the first day is due; on the second day it is a recognized good; and on the third day it is for reputation and show.” Qatadah said: A man also told me that Saʿid ibn al-Musayyab was invited on the first day and accepted, then invited on the second day and accepted. When he was invited on the third day, he did not accept, and said: “They are people seeking reputation and show.”

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Hisham narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Saʿid ibn al-Musayyab, with this story. He said: “He was invited on the third day, but did not accept, and pelted the messenger with pebbles.”

ʿUthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Wakiʿ narrated to us, from Shuʿbah, from Muharib ibn Dithar, from Jabir, who said: When the Prophet ﷺ arrived in Medina, he slaughtered a camel or a cow.

Al-Qaʿnabi narrated to us, from Malik, from Saʿid al-Maqburi, from Abu Shurayh al-Kaʿbi: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his guest. His provision is for a day and a night; hospitality lasts three days. Anything beyond that is charity. It is not permissible for a guest to stay with him until he puts him in hardship.” Abu Dawud said: This was read to al-Harith ibn Miskin while I was present. Ashhab said, “He informed you.” Malik was asked about the words of the Prophet ﷺ, “His provision is for a day and a night.” He replied: “He honors him, gives him a gift, and looks after him for a day and a night; hospitality lasts three days.”

Musa ibn Ismaʿil and Muhammad ibn Mahbub narrated to us, saying: Hammad narrated to us, from ʿAsim, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Hospitality lasts three days; anything beyond that is charity.”

Musaddad and Khalaf ibn Hisham narrated to us, saying: Abu ʿAwanah narrated to us, from Mansur, from ʿAmir, from Abu Karimah, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “A guest is entitled to one night of hospitality from every Muslim. Whoever has a guest stay in his courtyard until morning owes him a debt; if the guest wishes, he may claim it, and if he wishes, he may leave it.”

Musaddad narrated to us: Yahya narrated to us, from Shuʿbah: Abu al-Judi narrated to me, from Saʿid ibn Abi al-Muhajir, from al-Miqdam Abu Karimah, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “If a man hosts people and the guest wakes up deprived, then every Muslim is obliged to support him until he obtains from the host crops and property enough for one night hospitality.”

Qutaybah ibn Saʿid narrated to us: al-Layth narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Habib, from Abu al-Khayr, from ʿUqbah ibn ʿAmir, who said: We said, “Messenger of Allah, you send us out, and we stay with people who do not provide us hospitality. What do you think?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us: “If you stay with people and they provide you with what is proper for a guest, accept it. If they do not, take from them the guest due that they ought to provide.” Abu Dawud said: This is evidence that a man may take something when it is rightfully due to him.

Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Marwazi narrated to us: ʿAli ibn al-Husayn ibn Waqid narrated to me, from his father, from Yazid al-Nahwi, from ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbas, who said: “Do not consume wealth among yourselves wrongfully, except through trade by mutual consent.” After this verse was revealed, a man felt uneasy about eating at another person house. Then that was abrogated by the verse in Surat al-Nur: “There is no blame upon you” and “that you eat from your own houses,” through the words “separately.” A rich man would invite a relative to eat, and the man would say, “I feel uneasy about eating from it.” This uneasiness was called tajannuh. He would say, “A poor person has more right to it than I do.” It was then made lawful for them to eat food over which the name of Allah had been mentioned, and the food of the People of the Book was made lawful.

Harun ibn Zayd ibn Abi al-Zarqa narrated to us: my father narrated to us: Jarir ibn Hazim narrated to us, from al-Zubayr ibn Khirrit, who said: I heard ʿIkrimah say that Ibn ʿAbbas used to say: The Prophet ﷺ forbade eating the food of two people competing with one another. Abu Dawud said: Most of those who narrated it from Jarir do not mention Ibn ʿAbbas in its chain. Harun al-Nahwi also mentioned Ibn ʿAbbas in it, whereas Hammad ibn Zayd did not mention Ibn ʿAbbas.