Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
Sleep and night lodging
كتاب النوم والمبيت
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Qabisah and Abu Nu‘aym related to us: Sufyan related to us, from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Umayr, from Rib‘i ibn Hirash, from Hudhayfah, who said: When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wanted to sleep, he would say, ‘In Your name, O Allah, I die and I live.’ When he awoke from his sleep, he would say, ‘Praise be to Allah, who gave us life after causing us to die, and to Him is the resurrection.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
النُّشُورُ
النشور conveys rising again after death; the concise devotional phrase may benefit from an idiomatic review.
Is ‘to Him is the resurrection’ the clearest English rendering here?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Sulayman ibn Harb related to us: Hammad related to us, from Thabit, from Anas, who said: When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to his bed, he would say: ‘Praise be to Allah, who fed us and gave us drink, sufficed us, and gave us shelter. How many are those who have no one to suffice them and no shelter.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
كَمْ مَنْ لا كَافٍّ لَهُ وَلا مُؤْوِيَ
The phrase is a rhetorical expression of gratitude by contrasting the speaker’s condition with those lacking sufficiency or shelter.
Is ‘How many are those who have no one to suffice them and no shelter’ the clearest idiomatic rendering?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Nu‘aym and Yahya ibn Musa related to us: Shababah ibn Sawwar related to us: al-Mughirah ibn Muslim related to me, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would not sleep until he recited: ‘Alif Lam Mim. The sending down’ and ‘Blessed is He in whose hand is the dominion.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source names the two recitations by their opening words; their chapter references are not added to the translated text.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Mahbub related to us: ‘Abd al-Wahid related to us: ‘Asim al-Ahwal related to us, from Shumayt—or Sumayt—from Abu al-Ahwas, who said: ‘Abd Allah said: ‘Sleeping at the time of remembrance is from Satan. If you wish, test it: when one of you lies down and intends to sleep, let him remember Allah, Mighty and Majestic.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The transmitter’s name is given in two alternative forms, Shumayt and Sumayt.
أَوْ سُمَيْطٍ
The source explicitly records two possible forms of the transmitter’s name.
Can the transmitter’s name be resolved from a more authoritative witness, or should both forms remain?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Nu‘aym related to us: Sufyan related to us, from Layth, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, who said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would not sleep until he recited: ‘Blessed is He’ and ‘Alif Lam Mim. The sending down, the Prostration.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic identifies the recitations by their opening wording, followed by the title al-Sajdah for the second.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Salam related to us: ‘Abdah related to us, from ‘Ubayd Allah, from Sa‘id ibn Abi Sa‘id al-Maqburi, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: ‘When one of you goes to bed, let him loosen the inner edge of his lower garment and dust his bed with it, for he does not know what may have come onto his bed in his absence. Then let him lie on his right side and say: “In Your name I lay my side down. If You retain my soul, then have mercy on it; and if You release it, then preserve it by that with which You preserve Your righteous servants”—or he said, “Your righteous worshippers.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The final phrase is preserved with the narrator’s alternative wording: ‘Your righteous servants’ or ‘Your righteous worshippers.’
فَلْيَحِلَّ دَاخِلَةَ إِزَارِهِ
The phrase names a specific inner fold or edge of the izar; the exact garment feature is difficult to identify in English.
Is ‘inner edge of his lower garment’ the most accurate rendering of داخلة إزاره?
أَوْ قَالَ
The narrator explicitly gives an alternative wording for the final phrase.
Should the alternative ‘Your righteous worshippers’ remain as a transmitted variant?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abd Allah ibn Sa‘id, Abu Sa‘id al-Ashajj, related to us: Abd Allah ibn Sa‘id ibn Khazim, Abu Bakr al-Nakha‘i, related to us: al-‘Ala’ ibn al-Musayyib informed us, from his father, from al-Bara’ ibn ‘Azib, who said: When the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to bed, he would lie on his right side. Then he would say: ‘O Allah, I have turned my face toward You, surrendered myself to You, and entrusted my back to You, in fear of You and longing for You. There is no escape and no refuge from You except with You. I believe in Your Book which You sent down and Your Prophet whom You sent.’ He said: Whoever says these words at night and then dies, dies upon the fitrah.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The report ends with fitrah, retaining the Arabic religious term rather than reducing it to “natural state.”
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Musa ibn Isma‘il related to us: Wuhayb related to us: Suhayl ibn Abi Salih related to us, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: When the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to bed, he would say: ‘O Allah, Lord of the heavens and the earth and Lord of all things, Splitter of the grain and the date-stone, Sender down of the Torah, the Gospel and the Qur’an, I seek refuge in You from every evil being whose forelock You hold. You are the First, and there is nothing before You; You are the Last, and there is nothing after You; You are the Outward, and there is nothing above You; You are the Inward, and there is nothing beneath You. Settle my debt for me and free me from poverty.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic says “date-stone” (al-nawa), not generic seeds. The four divine-name clauses are restored from Arabic.
أَنْتَ الأَوَّلُ فَلَيْسَ قَبْلَكَ شَيْءٌ، وَأَنْتَ الْآخِرُ فَلَيْسَ بَعْدَكَ شَيْءٌ، وَأَنْتَ الظَّاهِرُ فَلَيْسَ فَوْقَكَ شَيْءٌ، وَأَنْتَ الْبَاطِنُ فَلَيْسَ دُونَكَ شَيْءٌ
No uncertainty in the Arabic wording; this is a substantial omission in the English witness.
None; translation follows the complete Arabic source.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Musaddad related to us: Abd al-Wahid ibn Ziyad related to us: al-‘Ala’ ibn al-Musayyib related to us: my father related to me, from al-Bara’ ibn ‘Azib, who said: When the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to bed, he would lie on his right side, then say: ‘O Allah, I surrender myself to You, turn my face toward You, entrust my affair to You, and seek refuge with You with my back, longing for You and fearing You. There is no escape and no refuge from You except with You. I believe in Your Book which You sent down and Your Prophet whom You sent.’ The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: ‘Whoever says these words and then dies during that night dies upon the fitrah.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The witness refers back to the preceding report and does not reproduce this variant; this translation follows the full Arabic text.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna related to us: Ibn Abi ‘Adi related to us, from Hajjaj al-Sawwaf, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, who said: When a man enters his house or goes to his bed, an angel and a devil hasten to him. The angel says, ‘End with good,’ and the devil says, ‘End with evil.’ If he praises Allah and remembers Him, he drives the devil away, and the angel spends the night guarding him. When he wakes, an angel and a devil hasten to him and say the same. If he remembers Allah and says, ‘Praise be to Allah, who returned my soul to me after its death and did not take it in my sleep. Praise be to Allah, who holds the heavens and the earth lest they cease to exist; and if they were to cease, no one after Him could hold them. He is indeed Forbearing, All-Forgiving. Praise be to Allah, who holds the heaven from falling upon the earth except by His permission—indeed Allah is Most Kind, Most Merciful’—if he dies, he dies a martyr; and if he rises and prays, he prays with merit.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The closing expression صلى في فضائل is unusual and has been kept close to the source as ‘prays with merit.’ The Qur’anic quotations are reproduced only to the endpoints included in the Arabic.
صَلَّى فِي فَضَائِلَ
The closing phrase is unusual in this wording; فضائل may refer to virtues or rewards, but the intended construction is not fully clear.
Should this be understood as ‘he prays with merit/reward’ or is a textual variant intended?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Qabisah ibn ‘Uqbah related to us: Sufyan related to us, from Abu Ishaq, from al-Bara’, who said: When the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, wished to sleep, he placed his hand beneath his right cheek and said: ‘O Allah, protect me from Your punishment on the day You raise Your servants.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Nu‘aym related to us: Sufyan related to us, from ‘Ata’, from his father, from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amr, from the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said: ‘There are two practices which no Muslim consistently keeps but that he will enter the Garden. They are easy, yet few people act upon them.’ It was asked, ‘What are they, Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘Each of you should say “Allah is greatest” ten times, praise Allah ten times, and declare His glory ten times after every prayer. That makes one hundred and fifty on the tongue and one thousand five hundred in the Balance.’ I saw the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, counting them on his hand. ‘When he goes to bed, he should declare Allah’s glory, praise Him, and proclaim His greatness; that makes one hundred on the tongue and one thousand in the Balance. Which of you commits two thousand five hundred evil deeds in a day and night?’ It was asked, ‘Messenger of Allah, how could anyone fail to count them?’ He said: ‘Satan comes to one of you during his prayer and reminds him of one need after another, so he does not remember to say them.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source gives ten each of three formulas after prayer (thirty per prayer, five prayers) and one hundred at bedtime.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir related to us: Anas ibn ‘Iyad related to us, from ‘Ubayd Allah, who said: Sa‘id al-Maqburi related to me, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: ‘When one of you goes to bed, let him take the inner edge of his waist-wrapper, dust his bed with it, and mention Allah’s name, for he does not know what may have come onto his bed after he left it. When he wishes to lie down, let him lie on his right side and say: “Glory be to You, my Lord. By You I lay my side down, and by You I raise it. If You take my soul, forgive it; and if You release it, guard it as You guard Your righteous servants.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
داخلة إزاره refers to the inner fold or edge of the waist-wrapper used to dust the bed.
The witness inserts a separate basmalah; the Arabic source here says to mention Allah’s name without quoting a formula.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Mu‘adh ibn Fadalah related to us: Hisham al-Dastawa’i related to us, from Yahya—meaning Ibn Abi Kathir—from Abu Salamah, who said: Rabi‘ah ibn Ka‘b related to me: I used to spend the night by the Prophet’s door, Allah bless him and grant him peace, and bring him water for ablution. He said: Deep into the night I would hear him say, ‘Allah hears whoever praises Him,’ and deep into the night I would hear him say, ‘Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ahmad ibn Ishkhab related to us: Muhammad ibn Fudayl related to us, from Layth, from Muhammad ibn ‘Amr ibn ‘Ata’, from Ibn ‘Abbas, from the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said: ‘Whoever goes to sleep with food-grease residue on his hand before washing it, and something happens to him, let him blame no one but himself.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
غمر refers to the greasy residue left on the hand after eating; the report does not specify what the resulting harm is.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Musa related to us: Hammad ibn Salamah related to us, from Suhayl, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said: ‘Whoever spends the night with food-grease residue on his hand and something happens to him, let him blame no one but himself.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The wording repeats the preceding warning with a shorter chain and no explicit mention of washing.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Isma‘il related to us: Malik related to me, from Abu al-Zubayr al-Makki, from Jabir ibn ‘Abd Allah, that the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: ‘Close the doors, tie the waterskins, turn the vessels upside down, cover the vessels, and extinguish the lamp. Satan cannot open a closed door, undo a waterskin’s tie, or uncover a vessel. The little mischievous creature can set a house alight around its people.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
الفويسقة is an epithet literally meaning the little transgressor; in this context it refers to the mouse, which may ignite a lamp or wick.
The Arabic mentions extinguishing the lamp in the singular.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad related to us: ‘Amr ibn Talhah related to us: Asbat related to us, from Simak ibn Harb, from ‘Ikrimah, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: A mouse came and began dragging a wick. A young woman went to shoo it away, but the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘Leave it.’ The mouse brought the wick and dropped it on the woven mat on which he was sitting, burning a patch about the size of a dirham. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: ‘When you go to sleep, extinguish your lamps, for Satan directs creatures like this to things like that, and they set you alight.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The woven mat (khumrah) is not named more specifically in the Arabic than the mat he was sitting on.
The demonstratives in the final warning refer back to the mouse and the wick/fire incident.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ahmad ibn Yunus related to us: Abu Bakr related to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Ziyad, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Nu‘m, from Abu Sa‘id, who said: One night the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, woke to find that a mouse had taken the wick and climbed with it to the ceiling, intending to burn the house down over its occupants. The Prophet cursed it and declared it lawful for a person in ritual consecration to kill it.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
المحرم means a person in the state of ihram; it does not mean “in the Haram” (the sanctuary).
وَأَحَلَّ قَتْلَهَا لِلْمُحْرِمِ
The Arabic identifies the person permitted to kill it as al-muhrim, one in ritual consecration, not a location called the Haram.
Should the legal term be rendered “a person in ihram” in the published translation?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Nu‘aym related to us: Ibn ‘Uyaynah related to us, from al-Zuhri, from Salim, from his father, from the Prophet, Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said: ‘Do not leave a fire burning in your houses when you go to sleep.’