Military Expeditions led by the Prophet (pbuh) (Al-Maghaazi)

Yahya ibn Bukayr narrated to us: Al-Layth narrated to us, from ʿUqayl, from Ibn Shihab, who said: Mahmud ibn al-Rabiʿ informed me that ʿItban ibn Malik, one of the Prophet’s Companions among the Ansar who had been present at Badr, came to the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him).

Ahmad—meaning Ibn Salih—narrated to us: ʿAnbasa narrated to us: Yunus narrated to us. Ibn Shihab said: Then I asked al-Husayn ibn Muhammad, who was one of Banu Salim and one of their leading men, about the report of Mahmud ibn al-Rabiʿ from ʿItban ibn Malik, and he confirmed it.

Abu al-Yaman informed us: Shuʿayb informed us, from al-Zuhri, who said: ʿAbdullah ibn ʿAmir ibn Rabiʿa informed me—he was one of the eldest men of Banu ʿAdi, and his father had been present with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at Badr—that ʿUmar appointed Qudama ibn Mazʿun governor over Bahrain. Qudama had been present at Badr and was the maternal uncle of ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUmar and Hafsa (may God be pleased with them).

ʿAbdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Asmaʾ narrated to us: Juwayriya narrated to us, from Malik, from al-Zuhri, that Salim ibn ʿAbdullah informed him: Rafiʿ ibn Khadij told ʿAbdullah ibn ʿUmar that his two paternal uncles, both of whom had been present at Badr, informed him that the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade renting out farmland. I asked Salim, “Do you rent yours out?” He said, “Yes. Rafiʿ was too strict with himself.”

Adam narrated to us: Shuʿba narrated to us, from Husayn ibn ʿAbd al-Rahman, who said: I heard ʿAbdullah ibn Shaddad ibn al-Had al-Laythi say: I saw Rifaʿa ibn Rafiʿ al-Ansari, who had been present at Badr.

ʿAbdan narrated to us: ʿAbdullah informed us: Maʿmar and Yunus informed us, from al-Zuhri, from ʿUrwa ibn al-Zubayr, who told him that al-Miswar ibn Makhrama told him that ʿAmr ibn ʿAwf, an ally of Banu ʿAmir ibn Luʾayy who had been present with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at Badr, said: The Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Abu ʿUbayda ibn al-Jarrah to Bahrain to collect its jizya. The Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) had made a treaty with the people of Bahrain and appointed al-ʿAlaʾ ibn al-Hadrami over them. Abu ʿUbayda returned with money from Bahrain. The Ansar heard that Abu ʿUbayda had arrived, so they came to pray the dawn prayer with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he finished, they gathered around him. The Messenger of God smiled when he saw them, then said, “I suppose you have heard that Abu ʿUbayda has arrived with something.” They said, “Yes, Messenger of God.” He said, “Then rejoice and hope for what will please you. By God, it is not poverty that I fear for you. Rather, I fear that the world will be spread out before you as it was spread out before those before you, and that you will compete for it as they competed for it, and it will destroy you as it destroyed them.”

Abu al-Nuʿman narrated to us: Jarir ibn Hazim narrated to us, from Nafiʿ, that Ibn ʿUmar (may God be pleased with them both) used to kill all snakes. Then Abu Lubaba al-Badri told him that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had forbidden killing snakes that live in houses, so Ibn ʿUmar stopped killing them.

Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir narrated to me: Muhammad ibn Fulayh narrated to us, from Musa ibn ʿUqba. Ibn Shihab said: Anas ibn Malik told us that some men from the Ansar asked the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) for permission, saying, “Allow us to waive the ransom for our maternal nephew, ʿAbbas.” He said, “By God, do not leave a single dirham of his ransom unpaid.”

Al-Miqdād ibn ʿAmr al-Kindī, an ally of Banū Zuhra and one of those who fought at Badr with the Messenger of God, told him: I said, “Messenger of God, what do you think if I meet one of the unbelievers and we fight, and he strikes one of my hands with his sword and cuts it off, then takes shelter behind a tree and says, ‘I submit to God’? May I kill him after he has said that?” The Messenger of God replied, “Do not kill him.” I said, “Messenger of God, he cut off one of my hands and only then said that.” The Messenger of God replied, “Do not kill him. If you kill him, he will be in the position you were in before you killed him, and you will be in the position he was in before he uttered the words he said.”

Anas reported that on the day of Badr the Messenger of God said, “Who will see what has become of Abū Jahl?” Ibn Masʿūd went and found that the two sons of ʿAfrāʾ had struck him until he was at death’s door. He said, “Are you Abū Jahl?” Ibn ʿUlayya said that Sulaymān reported Anas as wording the question this way: “Are you Abū Jahl?” Abū Jahl replied, “Is there anyone greater than a man you have killed?” Sulaymān said that another wording is, “a man his own people have killed.” Abū Mijlaz reported that Abū Jahl said, “If only someone other than a farmer had killed me!”

ʿUmar reported: When the Prophet died, I said to Abū Bakr, “Let us go to our brothers among the Anṣār.” We met two upright men from among them who had fought at Badr. I related this to ʿUrwa ibn al-Zubayr, who said, “They were ʿUwaym ibn Sāʿida and Maʿn ibn ʿAdī.”

The stipends for those who fought at Badr were five thousand each. ʿUmar said, “I will give them precedence over those who came after them.”

Muḥammad ibn Jubayr reported from his father: I heard the Prophet reciting Sūrat al-Ṭūr during the sunset prayer. That was when faith first settled in my heart.

Muṭʿim ibn ʿAdī was mentioned in a report from Muḥammad ibn Jubayr ibn Muṭʿim, from his father: The Prophet said regarding the captives of Badr, “If Muṭʿim ibn ʿAdī were alive and spoke to me about these vile men, I would release them to him.” Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib said: The first civil strife—that is, the killing of ʿUthmān—left none of the veterans of Badr. Then the second civil strife—that is, al-Ḥarra—left none of those who had been at al-Ḥudaybiya. Then the third civil strife broke out, and it had not subsided while the people still had strength.

ʿĀʾisha reported: Umm Misṭaḥ and I went out together. Umm Misṭaḥ stumbled over her cloak and said, “May Misṭaḥ perish!” I said, “What a terrible thing to say—you curse a man who fought at Badr.” She then related the story of the Slander.

Ibn Shihāb said, “These are the campaigns of the Messenger of God,” and then related the report. The Messenger of God said as he addressed the dead, “Have you found what your Lord promised you to be true?” Mūsā said that Nāfiʿ related from ʿAbd Allāh: Some of his Companions said, “Messenger of God, are you calling to people who are dead?” The Messenger of God replied, “You are no better able to hear what I say than they are.” Abū ʿAbd Allāh [al-Bukhārī] said: All the Qurashī participants at Badr who had been allotted a share numbered eighty-one men. ʿUrwa ibn al-Zubayr used to say, quoting al-Zubayr, “Their shares were allotted, and they numbered one hundred.” God knows best.

Al-Zubayr reported: On the day of Badr, one hundred shares were allocated to the Emigrants.

Al-Zubayr reported: On the day of Badr, one hundred shares were allocated to the Emigrants.

Ibn ʿUmar said: Banū al-Naḍīr and Qurayẓa waged war. The Prophet expelled Banū al-Naḍīr, but left Qurayẓa in place and treated them leniently. Then Qurayẓa waged war, so he killed their men and distributed their women, children, and property among the Muslims. Some of them had joined the Prophet; he granted them protection, and they accepted Islam. He expelled all the Jews of Medina: Banū Qaynuqāʿ, who were the clan of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Salām; the Jews of Banū Ḥāritha; and all the Jews of Medina.

Saʿīd ibn Jubayr said: I said to Ibn ʿAbbās, “Sūrat al-Ḥashr.” He replied, “Say: Sūrat al-Naḍīr.” Hushaym also related it from Abū Bishr.