Sales and Trade

كتاب البيوع

Chapter 77: Selling of gold for gold

Narrated Abu Bakra

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Don't sell gold for gold unless equal in weight, nor silver for silver unless equal in weight, but you could sell gold for silver or silver for gold as you like."

Chapter 81: Selling of gold for silver from hand to hand

Narrated `Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakra

that his father said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the selling of gold for gold and silver for silver except if they are equivalent in weight, and allowed us to sell gold for silver and vice versa as we wished."

Chapter 83: The selling of dates still on trees

Narrated Abu Huraira

The Prophet (ﷺ) allowed the sale of the dates of 'Araya provided they were about five Awsuq (singular: Wasaq which means sixty Sa's) or less (in amount).

Chapter 85: The sale of fruits before their benefit is evident

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the sale of fruits till their benefit is evident. He forbade both the seller and the buyer (such sale).

Chapter 91: The sale of unharvested crops for a measured quantity of foodstuff

Narrated Ibn `Umar

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Al-Muzabana, i.e. to sell ungathered dates of one's garden for measured dried dates or fresh ungathered grapes for measured dried grapes; or standing crops for measured quantity of foodstuff. He forbade all such bargains.

Chapter 92: The sale of datepalms completely

Narrated Ibn `Umar

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever pollinates date palms and then sells them, the fruits will belong to him unless the buyer stipulates that the fruits should belong to him (and the seller agrees).

Chapter 94: The sale and eating of spadix

Narrated Ibn `Umar

I was with the Prophet (ﷺ) while he was eating fresh dates. He said, "From the trees there is a tree which resembles a faithful believer." I wanted to say that it was the date palm, but I was the youngest among them (so I kept quiet). He added, "It is the date palm."

Chapter 95: Where there is no fixed judgement, the traditions and conventions of community are to be referred

Shuraih told the weavers, "You are permitted to follow your own conventions to solve your problems (it is legal for you to stick to your traditions in bargain) . " Narrated `Abdul Wahab: Aiyub said: Muhammad said, "There is no harm in selling for eleven what you buy for ten, and you are allowed to take a profit for expenses . " The Prophet told Hind, "Take what is reasonable and sufficient for you and your sons." Allah says: Whoever is poor, can eat (from the orphan's property) reasonably (according to his labors). Al-Hasan hired a donkey from `Abdullah bin Mirdas and asked him about the hire. The latter replied that it was for two Daniqs (a Daniq equals 116th Dirham). So Al-Hasan rode away. Another time, Al- Hasan came to `Abdullah bin Mirdas and asked him to hire the donkey to him and rode away without asking him about the hire, but he sent him half a Dirham.

Narrated Hisham bin `Urwa from his father

who heard Aisha saying, "The Holy Verse; 'Whoever amongst the guardians is rich, he should take no wages (from the property of the orphans) but If he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his labors)' (4.6) was revealed concerning the guardian of the orphans who looks after them and manages favorably their financial affairs; If the guardian Is poor, he could have from It what Is just and reasonable, (according to his labors).

Chapter 96: Selling of a jointproperty by one to the other

Narrated Jabir

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave preemption (to the partner) in every joint property, but if the boundaries of the property were demarcated or the ways and streets were fixed, then there was no pre-emption.

Chapter 100: The purchase of a slave from the enemy

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah Allaah be upon him) said to Salman Katib. And he was free, and they oppressed him and sold him. And captivity of Ammar, Suhaib and Bilal, and Allah Almighty said: {By Allah, the virtue of each other in livelihood, so those who preferred Brady their livelihood to what their faith possessed, they are in it, whether they are blessed Allah ungrateful}.
Narrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair

Hakim bin Hizam said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I used to do good deeds in the Pre-Islamic period of Ignorance, e.g., keeping good relations with my Kith and kin, manumitting slaves and giving alms. Shall I receive a reward for all that?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied, "You embraced Islam with all the good deeds which you did in the past."

Chapter 102: Killing of pigs

Jabir said that the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, said.
Narrated Abu Huraira

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Jesus) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and nobody will accept charitable gifts.

Chapter 113: Price of a dog

Narrated Abu Mas`ud Al-Ansari

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade taking the price of a dog, money earned by prostitution and the earnings of a soothsayer.

Narrated `Aun bin Abu Juhaifa

I saw my father buying a slave whose profession was cupping, and ordered that his instruments (of cupping) be broken. I asked him the reason for doing so. He replied, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) prohibited taking money for blood, the price of a dog, and the earnings of a slave-girl by prostitution; he cursed her who tattoos and her who gets tattooed, the eater of Riba (usury), and the maker of pictures."

Chapter 3: Explanation of doubtful (unclear) things

Hasan ibn Abi Sinan said what I saw is something that is more insignificant than the shepherd, so let what preaching you to what does not preach you.
Narrated Aisha

`Utba bin Abu Waqqas took a firm promise from his brother Sa`d bin Abu Waqqas to take the son of the slave-girl of Zam`a into his custody as he was his (i.e. `Utba's) son. In the year of the Conquest (of Mecca) Sa`d bin Abu Waqqas took him, and said that he was his brother's son, and his brother took a promise from him to that effect. 'Abu bin Zam`a got up and said, "He is my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my father and was born on my father's bed." Then they both went to the Prophet (ﷺ) Sa`d said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! He is the son of my brother and he has taken a promise from me that I will take him." 'Abu bin Zam`a said, "(He is) my brother and the son of my father's slave-girl and was born on my father's bed." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The boy is for you. O 'Abu bin Zam`a." Then the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The son is for the bed (i.e. the man on whose bed he was born) and stones (disappointment and deprivation) for the one who has done illegal sexual intercourse." The Prophet (ﷺ) told his wife Sauda bint Zam`a to screen herself from that boy as he noticed a similarity between the boy and `Utba. So, the boy did not see her till he died.

Chapter 5: Whoever does not consider dark suggestions

Narrated `Abbas bin Tamim

that his uncle said: "The Prophet (ﷺ) was asked: If a person feels something during his prayer; should one interrupt his prayer?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said: No! You should not give it up unless you hear a sound or smell something." Narrated Ibn Abi Hafsa: Az-Zuhri said, "There is no need of repeating ablution unless you detect a smell or hear a sound."

Chapter 7: One who does not care from where he earns

Narrated Abu Huraira

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "A time will come when one will not care how one gains one's money, legally or illegally."

Chapter 10: Trading in sea

Matar said that there is nothing wrong with it and what Allah mentioned in the Qur'an is only right, and then he recited: {And you see the ark in it, and you may seek its bounty} and the ark is ships, the one and the plural equally. Mujahid said, "Ships go through the wind, and the wind does not flow from ships except the great ark."

Abu Hurairah (ra) said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) mentioned a person from Bani Israel who travelled by sea and carried out his needs." Then he narrated the whole story. (See Hadith no. 2291)

Chapter 11: "And when they see some merchandise or some amusement, they disperse headlong to it…"

And his saying is his remembrance: {A man does not distract them as a merchant, and there is no sale from the remembrance of God. The category of God did not distract them as a merchant, nor sell from the remembrance of God, until He leads Him to God.
Narrated Jabir

A caravan arrived (at Medina) while we were offering the Jumua prayer with the Prophet. The people left out for the caravan, with the exception of twelve persons. Then this Verse was revealed: 'But when they see some bargain or some amusement, they disperse headlong to it and leave you standing." (62.11)

Chapter 14: The Prophet saws purchased (foodgrains) on credit

Narrated `Aisha

The Prophet (ﷺ) purchased food grains from a Jew on credit and mortgaged his iron armor to him.

Narrated Qatada

Anas went to the Prophet (ﷺ) with barley bread having some dissolved fat on it. The Prophet (ﷺ) had mortgaged his armor to a Jew in Medina and took from him some barley for his family. Anas heard him saying, "The household of Muhammad did not possess even a single Sa of wheat or food grains for the evening meal, although he has nine wives to look after." (See Hadith No. 685)