Bulugh al-Maram
The Book of Purification
كتاب الطهارة
Chapter 2
الآنية
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever drinks from a silver vessel is only swallowing Hellfire into his belly.” Agreed upon. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari (5634) and Muslim (2065) reported it.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When a hide is tanned, it becomes pure.” Muslim reported it (366). The Four have the wording: “Any hide that is tanned …” 1 — Authentic. Muslim reported it (366). 2 — Al-Nasa'i (773), al-Tirmidhi (1728), and Ibn Majah (3609) also reported it from Ibn Abbas; it is authentic like the preceding report. Notice: Al-Hafiz (may Allah have mercy on him) was mistaken in saying, “The Four have it,” because Abu Dawud did not report the hadith with this wording; his wording is like Muslim’s.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وهم الحافظ رحمه الله في قوله: "وعند الأربعة" وذلك لأن أبا داود لم يروا الحديث بهذا اللفظ
The English witness repeats the attribution to all four Sunan compilers. The Arabic editor explicitly says this attribution is mistaken: Abu Dawud did not transmit the hadith with this wording.
Should the witness’s collection attribution remain flagged as incorrect relative to the attached Arabic correction?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Salamah ibn al-Muhabbiq (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The tanning of the skin of a dead animal purifies it.” Ibn Hibban graded it authentic. 1 — Authentic. Although al-Hafiz was mistaken here: attributing this wording to Ibn Hibban through Ibn al-Muhabbiq is incorrect; rather, it is the wording of the hadith of A'ishah. The explanation is in “the Original.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وإن وهم فيه الحافظ، إذ عزو هذا اللفظ لابن حبان من رواية ابن المحبق ليس بصواب، وإنما هو لفظ حديث عائشة.
The witness repeats the grading/attribution without the Arabic editor’s correction that linking this wording to Ibn Hibban through Ibn al-Muhabbiq is mistaken and that this wording belongs to the hadith of A'ishah.
Should the witness’s attribution remain flagged as conflicting with the Arabic editorial correction?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a sheep that people were dragging. He said, “If only you had taken its hide!” They said, “It is dead.” He replied, “Water and qaraẓ purify it.” Abu Dawud and al-Nasa'i reported it. 1 — Authentic. Abu Dawud (4126) and al-Nasa'i (774 and 175) reported it, and it has corroborating reports.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Qaraẓ is named in the source as a purifying/tanning material; the source does not define its exact botanical preparation.
يُطَهِّرُهَا الْمَاءُ وَالْقَرَظُ
The witness identifies qaraẓ as leaves of the acacia tree, while the Arabic source uses the term without an explanation. The exact botanical preparation is not established by this unit.
Should a more specific botanical gloss be approved for qaraẓ?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Tha'labah al-Khushani (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I said, “Messenger of Allah, we are in a land inhabited by the People of the Book. May we eat from their vessels?” [The source text contains the sequence “]فـَ]” here.] He replied, “Do not eat from them unless you find no others; then wash them and eat from them.” Agreed upon. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari (5478, 5488, and 5496) and Muslim (1930) reported it. It has other chains and wordings from Abu Tha'labah.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
]فـَ]
The Arabic source contains a malformed bracketed sequence interrupting the report immediately before the response formula. Its intended relation to the preceding question cannot be confirmed from this unit alone.
Can this bracketed source anomaly be checked against an authorized source edition before any normalization?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Imran ibn Husayn (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions performed ablution from a water-skin belonging to a polytheist woman. Agreed upon, in a long hadith. 1 — This wording, as cited by al-Hafiz, is not found in al-Bukhari and Muslim; “the Original” provides further clarification.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
لا وجود له في البخاري ومسلم بهذا اللفظ الذي ذكره الحافظ
The English witness repeats the “Agreed upon” attribution, while the Arabic editorial note says this wording cited by al-Hafiz is not present in al-Bukhari and Muslim.
Should the witness’s attribution remain flagged as conflicting with the attached Arabic correction?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) cup broke, so he fitted a silver chain in place of the crack. Al-Bukhari reported it (3109). 1 — Authentic.
Chapter 3
إزالة النجاسة وبيانها
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about wine being made into vinegar. He said, “No.” Muslim reported it (1983). 1 — Authentic.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
تُتَّخَذُ خَلًّا
The witness adds the gloss ‘it is prohibited’ after the Prophet’s reply; that gloss is not in the Arabic unit.
Should the parenthetical be treated as an explicitation absent from the Arabic-based translation?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: On the day of Khaybar, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed Abu Talhah to announce: “Allah and His Messenger forbid you the flesh of [source text has a malformed bracket around the word] domestic donkeys, for they are filth.” Agreed upon. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari (2991) and Muslim (1940) reported it through Muhammad ibn Sirin, from Anas. Muslim added, “as an act of Satan.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
]اَلْأَهْلِيَّةِ]
The Arabic word for ‘domestic’ is enclosed in a malformed bracket sequence in the source text. The word is legible, but the markup is anomalous.
Can the malformed bracketing be checked against an authorized source edition before it is normalized?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Amr ibn Kharijah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon to us at Mina while riding his mount, and its saliva was running down onto my shoulders. Ahmad and al-Tirmidhi reported it, and the latter graded it authentic. 1 — Authentic. Ahmad (487) and al-Tirmidhi (2121) reported it. Although its chain contains weakness, it has corroborating reports. The hadith has a continuation; I have explained it in detail in “the Original.” Al-Tirmidhi said, “A good, authentic hadith.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وهو وإن كان في سنده ضعف إلا أن له ما يشهد له
The English witness omits the attached note that the chain has weakness despite corroboration and that the hadith has a continuation discussed elsewhere.
Should the witness be recorded as covering only the short hadith wording?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to wash semen, then go out to pray in that same garment, while I could see the trace of the washing on it. Agreed upon. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari (229) and Muslim (289) reported it through Sulayman ibn Yasar, from A'ishah. The wording given is Muslim’s.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muslim’s wording says: “I used to scrape it from the garment of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he would pray in it.” 1 — Authentic. Muslim reported it (288).
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
In another wording of his: “I used to scrape it off his garment with my fingernail when it was dry.” 1 — Muslim (290) reported through Abd Allah ibn Shihab al-Khawlani, who said: I was staying with A'ishah. I had a nocturnal experience, so I immersed my garment in water. A young woman belonging to A'ishah saw me and told her. A'ishah sent for me and said, “What made you do that to your garments?” I said, “I saw what a sleeper sees in a dream.” She asked, “Did you see anything on them?” I said, “No.” She said, “Had you seen something, you would have washed it. I used to scrape something dry from the garment of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with my fingernail.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
كنت نازلا على عائشة
The English witness presents only the dry-scraping wording, while this Arabic unit also includes the report’s extended context and dialogue.
Should the witness be recorded as covering only the quoted variant rather than the full attached Arabic report?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu al-Samh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The urine of a girl is to be washed, and the urine of a boy is to be sprinkled.” Abu Dawud and al-Nasa'i reported it, and al-Hakim graded it authentic. 1 — Authentic. Abu Dawud (376), al-Nasa'i (158), and al-Hakim (166) reported it with a good chain from Abu al-Samh, who said: I used to serve the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he wanted to bathe, he would say, “Turn your back toward me,” so I would turn my back to him and cover him with it. Hasan or Husayn (may Allah be pleased with them both) was brought to him and urinated on his chest. I came to wash it, and he said—then he mentioned the hadith. Although its chain is good, I graded it authentic because of the many corroborating reports for it, which I mentioned in “the Original.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
كنت أخدم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فكان إذا أراد أن يغتسل
The English witness gives the ruling wording and attribution but omits the Arabic unit’s transmission context and the explanation of its grading.
Should the witness be recorded as covering only the quoted hadith wording?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Asma' bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said about menstrual blood that gets on a garment: “Scrape it, then rub it with water, then sprinkle it, and pray in it.” Agreed upon. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari (227 and 307) and Muslim (291) reported it through Fatimah bint al-Mundhir, from her grandmother Asma'.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
ثُمَّ تَنْضَحُهُ
The Arabic wording here is ‘sprinkle it,’ while the English witness has ‘wash it.’ The two verbs describe different actions in this sequence.
Should the witness’s ‘wash it’ be recorded as a rendering divergence from the Arabic verb?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Khawlah said: “Messenger of Allah, what if the blood does not go away?” He replied, “Water will suffice you, and its trace will not harm you.” Al-Tirmidhi reported it, and its chain is weak. 1 — Good (hasan). Abu Dawud (365) and others reported it. Notice: Al-Hafiz’s attribution of the hadith to al-Tirmidhi is a mistake, even though others followed him in this. As for his judging its chain weak, that was due to a flaw that does not undermine it.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
عزو الحافظ الحديث للترمذي إنما هو من باب الوهم
The English witness repeats the attribution to al-Tirmidhi, while the Arabic annotation explicitly says al-Hafiz’s attribution to al-Tirmidhi is mistaken and identifies Abu Dawud as a source.
Should the English witness’s attribution remain flagged as conflicting with the Arabic editorial correction?
Chapter 4
الوضوء
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Huraira reported from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: “Were it not that I would burden my community, I would have commanded them to use the siwak with every ablution.” Malik, Ahmad, and al-Nasa'i reported it, and Ibn Khuzaymah graded it authentic. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari cited it without a chain, using a definitive formula (Fath al-Bari, 458); his wording has “at” in place of “with.” Ahmad (2/460 and 517), al-Nasa'i in al-Kubra (298), and Ibn Khuzaymah (140) reported it. The hadith has other wordings and chains in the Two Sahihs and elsewhere, which I mentioned in “the Original.”
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وعنده لفظ "عند" بدل "مع"
The English witness mentions al-Bukhari’s suspended citation but does not report the attached note that his wording uses ‘at’ instead of ‘with.’
Should the witness be recorded as omitting this wording variant?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Humran reported: Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) called for water for ablution. He washed his hands three times, then rinsed his mouth, drew water into his nose, and expelled it. Then he washed his face three times, then his right arm up to the elbow three times, then the left likewise. Then he wiped his head, then washed his right foot up to the ankles three times, then the left likewise. Then he said, “I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) perform ablution like this ablution of mine.” Agreed upon. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari (159) and Muslim (226) reported it through Ata ibn Yazid al-Laythi, from Humran.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), in describing the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) ablution, said: “He wiped his head once.” Abu Dawud reported it (111). 1 — Authentic.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
وَمَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ وَاحِدَةً.
The English witness appends reports and a grading/comment attributed to al-Nasa'i and al-Tirmidhi, while this Arabic unit cites only Abu Dawud (111).
Should this extra English material be treated as outside the supplied Arabic unit?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abdullah ibn Zayd ibn Asim (may Allah be pleased with him), describing the ablution, said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) wiped his head, moving both hands forward and backward. Agreed upon. 1 — Authentic. Al-Bukhari (186) and Muslim (235) reported it.