The Chapters on Business Transactions
كتاب التجارات
Chapter 1: Encouragement To Earn A Living
"We were sitting in a gathering, and the Prophet (ﷺ) came with traces of water on his head. One of us said to him: 'We see that you are of good cheer today.' He said: 'Yes, praise is to Allah.' Then he spoke to the people about being rich. He said: 'There is nothing wrong with being rich for one who has piety, but good health for one who has piety is better than riches, and being of good cheer is a blessing."
Chapter 2: Moderation In Seeking To Earn A Living
"O people, fear Allah and be moderate in seeking a living, for no soul will die until it has received all its provision, even if it is slow in coming. So fear Allah and be moderate in seeking provision; take that which is permissible and leave that which is forbidden. "
Chapter 3: Fearing Allah In Business
"We went out with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and the people were trading early in the morning. He called them: 'O merchants!' and when they looked up and craned their necks, he said : 'The merchants will be raised on the Day of Resurrection as immoral people, apart from those who fear Allah and act righteously and speak the truth (i.e. those who are honest)."'
Chapter 4: If A Man Finds A Way Of Earning A Living, Let Him Stick With It
I used to send trade goods to Sham and Egypt, then I prepared to send trade goods to 'Iraq. I went to 'Aishah, the Mother of the Believers, and said to her: " O Mother of the Believers I used to send trade goods to Sham and I am preparing to send trade goods to 'Iraq." She said: "Do not do that. What is wrong with the way you have been doing it? I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'If Allah causes provision to come to one of you through a certain means, he should not leave it unless it changes or deteriorates."
Chapter 5: Occupations
"The image-makers will be punished on the Day of Resurrection and will be told: 'Give life to that which you have created.' "
Chapter 6: Hoarding And Importing
"The importer is blessed with provision and the hoarder is cursed."
"I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'Whoever hoards food (and keeps it from) the Muslims, Allah will afflict him with leprosy and bankruptcy."'
Chapter 7: The Wages If The Raqt
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent us, thirty horsemen, on a military campaign. We camped near some people and asked them for hospitality but they refused. Then their leader was stung by a scorpion and they said: 'Is there anyone among you who can recite Ruqyah for a scorpion sting?' I said: 'Yes, I can, but I will not recite Ruqyah for him until you give us some sheep.' They said: 'We will give you thirty sheep.' So we accepted them, and I recited Al-Hamd (i.e. Al-Fatihah) over him seven times. Then he recovered, and I took the sheep. Then some doubts occurred within ourselves. Then we said: 'Let us not hasten (to make a decision concerning the sheep) until we come to the Prophet (ﷺ)' So when we came back: 'I told him what I had done. He said: 'How did you know that it is a Ruqyah? Divide them up and give me a share as well.'"
Chapter 9: Prohibition Of The Price (Given) to A Prostitute, The Payment Made To A Soothsayer And St
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the price of a dog and studding a stallion."
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the price of a cat."
Chapter 10: Earnings Of A Cupper
"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), forbade the earnings of a cupper."
Chapter 12: What Was Narrated Concerning The Prohibition Of Muhabadhah And Mulamsah
the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade Mulamasah and Munabadhah. (Sahih) Sahl added: "Sufyan said: 'Mulamasah means when a man touches something with his hand without seeing it, and Munabadhah means when he says: "Toss me what you have, and I will toss you what have."
Chapter 17: The Two Parties To A Transaction Have The Choice (Of Annulling It) So Long As They Have
"When two men enter into a transaction, each of them has the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted and are still together, or one of them has given the option or choice to the other. Once he has accepted the terms of the other, then the transaction is binding. If they part after concluding the transaction and neither of them has rescinded the transaction then the transaction is binding.”
"The two parties to a transaction have the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted. "
Chapter 20: The Prohibition Of Selling What Is Not With You, And From Profiting On What You Do Not P
"I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, a man is asking me to sell him something that I do not possess; Shall I sell it to him?' He said: 'Do not sell what is not with you."'
when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent him to Makkah, he forbade him from profiting off of what he did not possess.
Chapter 21: If Two Authorized Persons Make A Sale, Then The First Transaction Is The One That Is Val
"If two (separate) authorized persons make a sale (of the same thing), then the first transaction is the one that is valid. "
Chapter 27: Whoever Does Not Like To Fix Prices
"Prices rose at the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and they said: 'Why do you not fix the food prices, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'I hope that when I leave you, no one among you will be demanding restitution for a wrong that I have done to him."'
Chapter 28: Being Lenient During Transactions
“Allah will admit to Paradise a man who was lenient when he sold and when he bought. "
Chapter 29: Haggling
"I came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), during one of his 'Umrah at Marwah and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I am a woman who buys and sells. When I want to buy something, I state a price less than I want to pay, then I raise it gradually until it reaches the price I want to pay. And when I want to sell something, I state a price more than I want, then I lower it until it reaches the price I want.' The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Do not do that, O Qailah. When you want to buy something, state the price you want, whether it is given or not. And when you want to sell something, state the price you want, whether it is given or not.'"