The Chapters on Business Transactions

كتاب التجارات

Chapter 50: Exchanging Gold For Silver

It was narrated from Umar bin Muhammad bin 'Ali bin abi Talib, from his father, that his grandfather said

'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Dinar for Dinar, Dirham for Dirham, with no increase between them. Whoever has need of silver, let him trade gold for it, and whoever has need of gold, let him trade silver for it, and let the transaction be done on the spot."'

Chapter 54: The Muzabanah And The Muhaqalah

It was narrated that Rafi, bin Khadij said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the Muhaqalah and the Muzabanah."

Chapter 58: Emphatic Prohibitions Of Usury

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"There are seventy degrees of usury, the least of which is equivalent to a man having intercourse with his mother."

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud that

Xthe Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) cursed the one who consumes usury, the one who pays it, those who witness it and the one who writes it down.

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

“There will come a time when there will be no one left who does not consume usury (interest), and whoever does not consume it will nevertheless be affected by it."'

It was narrated from Ibn Mas'ud that the Prophet (ﷺ) said

"There is no one who deals in usury a great deal (to increase his wealth) but he will end up with little (i.e., his wealth will be decreased)."

Chapter 59: Payment In Advance For A Known Amount Or A Known Weight To Be Delivered At A Known Time

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said

"When the Prophet (ﷺ) came (to Al-Madinah), they used to pay in advance for dates, two or three years in advance. He said: 'Whoever pays in advance for dates, let him pay for a known amount or a known weight, to be delivered at a known time.’”

Chapter 63: Partnership And Profit Sharing

It was narrated that 'Abdullah said

"Sa'd, 'Ammar and I entered into a partnership on the day of Badr, (agreeing to share) whatever was allotted to us. 'Ammar and I did not get anything, but Sa'd got two men (slaves)."

Chapter 65: What A Woman Is Entitled To Of Her Husband’s Wealth

It was narrated from 'Aishah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"When a woman spends" and my father said: - "When a woman feeds (the poor) from her husband's house, without spending too much, she will have her reward, and he will be rewarded likewise because he earned it , and she will be rewarded for what she spent. The same applies to the storekeeper, without anything being detracted from their rewards.”

Chapter 67: One Who Passes By The Livestock (Of Some People) Or A Garden - Can He Take Something Fro

It was narrated that Rafi' bin 'Amr Al-Ghifari said

"When I was a boy, I used to throw stones at our date-palm trees"[1] - or he said: "the date-palm trees of the Ansar." I was brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said: 'O boy' - (one of the narrators) Ibn Kasib said: He said: 'O my son - why are you throwing stones at the date-palm trees?' I said: 'So I can eat.' He said: 'Do not throw stones at the date-palm trees. Eat from what falls to the ground from them.' Then he patted me on the head and said: 'O Allah give him enough to eat.'”

It was narrated from Abu Sa'eed that the Prophet (ﷺ) said

"When you come to a shepherd, call him three times. If he answers (all well and good), otherwise drink (milk from the flock) without taking advantage. And when you come to a garden call the owner of the garden three times. If he answers (all well and good), otherwise eat (from the produce of the garden) without taking advantage."

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"When anyone of you passes by a garden let him eat therefrom, but he should not carry any away in his garment."'

Chapter 69: Keeping Livestock

It was narrated from Umm Hani' that the Prophet (ﷺ) said to her

"Keep sheep, for in them is blessing!'

Chapter 40: Marketplaces And Entering Them

It was narrated from Salim bin 'Abdullah bin 'Umar, from his father, that his grandfather told that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"Whoever says, when he enters the marketplace: 'La ilaha illallah wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul-mulk wa lahul-hamdu, yuhyi wa yumitu, wa Huwa hayyun la yamutu, bi yadihil-khairu kulluhu, wa Huwa ala kulli shay’in Qadir (None has the right to be worshiped but Allah alone, with no partner, to Him belongs all sovereignty and to Him is the praise, He gives life and gives death, and He is Ever-Living and does not die; in His Hand is all goodness and He is Able to do all things),' Allah will record for him one million good deeds, and will erase from him one million bad deeds, and will build for him a house in Paradise. "

Chapter 41: The Blessing That Is Hoped For When Starting One’s Day Early

It was narrated from Sakhr Al-Ghamidi that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"O Allah, bless my nation in their early mornings (i.e., what they do early in the morning)." (Hasan)He said: "When he sent out a raiding party or an army, he would send them at the beginning of the day." He said: (1) "Sakhr was a man engaged in trade, and he used to send his goods out at the beginning of the day, and his wealth grew and increased."

Chapter 44: Contractual Obligation Regarding A Slave

It was narrated from 'Uqbah bin 'Amir that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"There is no contractual obligation after four (days)."

Chapter 47: Buying Slaves

It was narrated that 'Abdul-Majid bin Wahb said

"Adda' bin Khalid bin Hawdhah said to me: 'Shall I not read to you a letter that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), wrote to me?' I said: 'Yes.' So he took out a letter. In it was: 'This is what 'Adda' bin Khalid bin Hawdhah bought [from] Muhammad the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) He bought from him a slave' or 'a female slave, having no ailments, nor being a runaway, not having any malicious behavior. Sold by a Muslim to a Muslim.'"

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib from his father that his grandfather told that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"When anyone of you buys a slave woman let him say: 'Allahumma inni as'aluka khairaha wa khaira ma jabaltaha alaihi, wa a'udhu bika min sharriha wa sharri ma jabaltaha alaihi (O Allah, I ask You for the goodness within her and the goodness that You have made her inclined towards, and I seek refuge with You from the evil within her and the evil that You have made her inclined towards).' And he should pray for blessing. And if anyone of you buys a camel then he should take hold of its hump and pray for. blessing and say similar words."

Chapter 48: Bartering And Excesses Not Permitted In Hand-To-Hand Exchange

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (ﷺ) said

'(Sell) silver for silver, gold for gold, barley for barley, wheat for wheat, like for like."

Chapter 49: One Who Says That There Is No Usury Except In Credit

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said

"I heard Abu Saeed Al-Khudri say: 'A Dirham for a Dirham and a Dinar for a Dinar.' So I said: 'I heard Ibn 'Abbas say something other than that.' He said: 'But I met Ibn 'Abbas and said: "Tell me about what you say concerning exchange is it something that you heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) or something that You found in the Book of Allah?" He said: "I did not find it in the Book of Allah, and I did not hear it from the Messenger of Allah; rather Usamah bin Zaid told me that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Usury is only in credit."[1]