The Chapters on Business Transactions

كتاب التجارات

Chapter 15: Prohibition Of A City-Dweller Selling On Behalf Of A Bedouin

It was narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah that the Prophet (ﷺ) said

"A city-dweller should not sell for a Bedouin. Leave people to (engage in trade) and Allah will grant them provision through one another."

Ibn Tawus narrated from his father that Ibn 'Abbas said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade a city-dweller to sell for a Bedouin." (Sahih)I (Tawus) said to Ibn 'Abbas: "What is meant by the words: 'A city-dweller selling for a Bedouin?' He said: "He should not be a broker for him."

Chapter 16: Prohibition Of Meeting Traders On The Way

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (ﷺ) said

"Do not meet the traders on the way, and whoever meets any of them and buys from him, the vendor has the choice of annulling the transaction when he comes to the marketplace.''

It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade meeting traders on the way."

It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade. meeting the owners of goods (away from the market)."

Chapter 17: The Two Parties To A Transaction Have The Choice (Of Annulling It) So Long As They Have

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah said

"When two men enter into a transaction, each of them has the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted and are still together, or one of them has given the option or choice to the other. Once he has accepted the terms of the other, then the transaction is binding. If they part after concluding the transaction and neither of them has rescinded the transaction then the transaction is binding.”

It was narrated from Abu Barzah Al-Aslami that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

”The two parties to a transaction have the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted."

It was narrated from Samurah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"The two parties to a transaction have the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted. "

Chapter 18: A Transaction With The Option To Cancel

It was narrated that Jabir bin' Abdullah said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) bought a load of fodder from a Bedouin man. When the transaction was concluded, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Choose (either to go ahead or to cancel the transaction).' The Bedouin said: 'May Allah grant you a long life of good transaction!"'

It was narrated from Dawud bin Salih Al Madani that his father said

I heard Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri say: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Transactions may only be done by mutual consent."'

Chapter 19: Parties To A Transaction Who Differ With One Another

It was narrated from Qasim bin 'Abdur Rahman from his father that

Abdullah bin Mas'ud sold one of the slaves from the state[1] to Ash'ath bin Qais, and they differed concerning the price. Ibn Mas'ud said: "I sold him to you for twenty thousand,' but Ash'ath bin Qais said: "I bought him from you for ten thousand." 'Abdullah said: "If you want, I will tell you a Hadith which I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)" He said: "Tell me it." He said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: 'If two parties to a transaction differ, and they have no proof, and the sale item remains (unredeemed), then what the seller says is valid. Or they may cancel the transaction." He said: "I want to cancel the transaction." And he cancelled it.

Chapter 20: The Prohibition Of Selling What Is Not With You, And From Profiting On What You Do Not P

It was narrated that Hakim bin Hizam said

"I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, a man is asking me to sell him something that I do not possess; Shall I sell it to him?' He said: 'Do not sell what is not with you."'

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, that his grandfather said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'It is not permissible to sell something that is not with you, nor to profit from what you do not possess."'

It was narrated from 'Ata that 'Attab bin Asid said that

when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent him to Makkah, he forbade him from profiting off of what he did not possess.

Chapter 21: If Two Authorized Persons Make A Sale, Then The First Transaction Is The One That Is Val

It was narrated from 'Uqbah bin 'Amir or Samurah bin Jundab that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said

"Any man who sells to two men, it is for the one who was first."[1]

It was narrated from Samurah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), said

"If two (separate) authorized persons make a sale (of the same thing), then the first transaction is the one that is valid. "

Chapter 22: Prohibition On Earnest Money

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather that

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the deal involving earnest money .

It was narrated from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather that

the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the deal involving earnest money. (Hasan)Abu 'Abdullah said: Earnest money refers to when a man buys an animal for one hundred Dinar, then he gives the seller two Dinar in advance and says: "If I do not buy the animal, then the two Dinar are yours." And it was said that it refers, and Allah knows best, to when a man buys something, and gives the seller a Dirham or less or more, and says: "If I take it (all well and good), and if I do not, then the Dirham is yours."

Chapter 23: Prohibition Of Hasah And Gharar Transactions

It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade Gharar transaction sand Hasah transactions. "

It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade Gharar transactions. "