Mishkat al-Masabih

Excellent Qualities and Description of the Prophet

كتاب الفضائل والشمائل

Chapter 6: The Prophet's Names and Characteristics - Section 3

أسماء النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وصفاته - الفصل الثالث

Mishkat al-Masabih 5800
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا أَنَا رَحْمَةٌ مُهْدَاةٌ» . رَوَاهُ الدَّارِمِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «شُعَبِ الْإِيمَانِ»
Translation

Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying, "I am just a mercy which has been bestowed." Darimi and Baihaqi, in Shu'ab al-iman, transmitted it.

Chapter 7: His Character and Natural Disposition - Section 1

في أخلاقه وشمائله صلى الله عليه وسلم - الفصل الأول

Mishkat al-Masabih 5801
عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: خَدَمْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ فَمَا قَالَ لِي: أُفٍّ وَلَا: لِمَ صَنَعْتَ؟ وَلَا: أَلَّا صَنَعْتَ؟ مُتَّفق عَلَيْهِ
Translation
Anas said

I served the Prophet for ten years, and he never said to me, "Shame!" or "Why did you do such and such?" or "Why did you not do such and such?" (Bukhari And Muslim.)

Mishkat al-Masabih 5802
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ خُلُقًا فَأَرْسَلَنِي يَوْمًا لِحَاجَةٍ فَقُلْتُ: وَاللَّهِ لَا أَذْهَبُ وَفِي نَفْسِي أَنْ أَذْهَبَ لِمَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى أَمُرَّ عَلَى صِبْيَانٍ وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ فِي السُّوقِ فَإِذَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ قَبَضَ بِقَفَايَ مِنْ وَرَائِي قَالَ: فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ فَقَالَ: «يَا أُنَيْسُ ذَهَبْتَ حَيْثُ أَمَرْتُكَ؟» . قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ أَنَا أَذْهَبُ يَا رَسُول الله. رَوَاهُ مُسلم
Translation
He said

God's messenger was one of the best of men in character. One day he sent me to do something, and I said, "I swear by God that I will not go." But in my heart, I felt I should go to do what God's messenger had commanded me; so, I went out and came upon some boys who were playing in the street. All of a sudden God's messenger who had come up behind caught me by the back of the neck, and when I looked at him, he was laughing. He said, "Did you go where I ordered you, little Anas?" and I replied, "Yes, I am on my way, messenger of God." Muslim transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5803
وعنه قال : كنت أمشي مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وعليه برد نجراني غليظ الحاشية فأدركه أعرابي فجبذه جبذة شديدة ورجع نبي الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في نحر الأعرابي حتى نظرت إلى صفحة عاتق رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قد أثرت به حاشية البرد من شدة جبذته ثم قال : يا محمد مر لي من مال الله الذي عندك فالتفت إليه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ثم ضحك ثم أمر له بعطاء . متفق عليه
Translation
He said

When I was walking with God's messenger who was wearing a Najrani cloak with a coarse fringe, a nomadic Arab caught up on him and gave his cloak a violent tug, pulling God's Prophet back against his chest, and I saw that the side of God's messenger's shoulder was marked by the fringe of the cloak because of the violence of the man's tug. He said, "Command, that I be given some of God's property which you have, Muhammad," and God's messenger turned round to him and laughed, then ordered that he be given something. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

Mishkat al-Masabih 5804
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحْسَنَ النَّاسِ وَأَجْوَدَ النَّاسِ وَأَشْجَعَ النَّاسِ وَلَقَدْ فَزِعَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَانْطَلَقَ النَّاسُ قِبَلَ الصَّوْتِ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ سَبَقَ النَّاس إِلَى الصَّوْت هُوَ يَقُولُ: «لَمْ تُرَاعُوا لَمْ تُرَاعُوا» وَهُوَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ لِأَبِي طَلْحَةَ عُرْيٍ مَا عَلَيْهِ سَرْجٌ وَفِي عُنُقِهِ سَيْفٌ. فَقَالَ: «لَقَدْ وَجَدْتُهُ بَحْرًا» . مُتَّفق عَلَيْهِ
Translation
He said

God's messenger was the best of men, the most generous of men, the bravest of men. One night when the people of Medina were startled and went in the direction of the sound, they were met by the Prophet who had gone in the direction of the sound before them, and he was saying, "You have nothing to fear, you have nothing to fear." He was on a bare-backed horse with no saddle belonging to Abu Talha and had a sword slung on his neck. He said, "I found it could run like a great river." (Bukhari and Muslim.)

Mishkat al-Masabih 5805
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: مَا سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا قَطُّ فَقَالَ: لَا. مُتَّفق عَلَيْهِ
Translation

Jabir said that when God's messenger was asked for anything he never said, "No[*]."*Mirqat, 5:388, explains this as meaning that he either gave what was asked or explained why he could not, and refers to Quran, 17:28. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

Mishkat al-Masabih 5806
وَعَن أنس إِنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم غَنَمًا بَيْنَ جَبَلَيْنِ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ فَأَتَى قَوْمَهُ فَقَالَ: أَي قوم أَسْلمُوا فو الله إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا لَيُعْطِي عَطَاءً مَا يَخَافُ الْفَقْرَ. رَوَاهُ مُسلم
Translation

Anas told that when a man had asked the Prophet for enough sheep to fill the valley between two mountains and had been given them, he went to his people and said, "Accept Islam, my people, for I swear by God that Muhammad gives gifts to such an extent that there is no fear of poverty[*]." *The translation depends on whether the verb is read as active or passive. The translation above takes it in the passive sense. If it is active, it means that the Prophet does not fear poverty. Muslim transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5807
وَعَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَقْفَلَهُ مِنْ حُنَيْنٍ فَعَلِقَتِ الْأَعْرَابُ يَسْأَلُونَهُ حَتَّى اضْطَرُّوهُ إِلَى سَمُرَةٍ فَخَطَفَتْ رِدَاءَهُ فَوَقَفَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «أَعْطُونِي رِدَائِي لَوْ كَانَ لِي عَدَدَ هَذِهِ الْعِضَاهِ نَعَمٌ لَقَسَمْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ ثُمَّ لَا تَجِدُونِي بَخِيلًا وَلَا كذوباً وَلَا جَبَانًا» . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
Translation

Jubair b. Mut'im told that while he was travelling along with God's messenger returning from Hunain the nomadic Arabs persisted in making requests of him till they forced him up against an acacia tree and his cloak was snatched away[*]. The Prophet stopped and said, "Give me my cloak. If I had as many camels and sheep as these thorny trees I would divide them among you, then you would not find me niggardly, or untruthful, or cowardly." *This means either that it was caught by the tree, or taken by the Arabs. Bukhari transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5808
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ جَاءَ خَدَمُ الْمَدِينَةِ بِآنِيَتِهِمْ فِيهَا الْمَاءُ فَمَا يَأْتُونَ بإناءٍ إِلَّا غمسَ يدَه فِيهَا فرُبما جاؤوهُ بِالْغَدَاةِ الْبَارِدَةِ فَيَغْمِسُ يَدَهُ فِيهَا. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ
Translation

Anas told that when God's messenger prayed the dawn prayer the servants in Medina brought their vessels containing water and they would not bring a vessel into which he did not dip his hand. They would often bring them on a cold morning and he would dip his hand into them. Muslim transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5809
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَتْ أَمَةٌ مِنْ إِمَاءِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ تَأْخُذُ بِيَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَتَنْطَلِقُ بِهِ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
Translation

He told that one of the maidservants belonging to the people of Medina would hold God's messenger by the hand and take him where she wished. Bukhari transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5810
وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ فِي عَقْلِهَا شَيْءٌ فَقَالَت: يَا رَسُول الله إِنِّي لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَّةً فَقَالَ: «يَا أُمَّ فُلَانٍ انْظُرِي أَيَّ السِّكَكِ شِئْتِ حَتَّى أَقْضِيَ لَكِ حَاجَتَكِ» فَخَلَا مَعَهَا فِي بَعْضِ الطُّرُقِ حَتَّى فرغت من حَاجَتهَا. رَوَاهُ مُسلم
Translation

He told that a woman whose mind was affected said, "Messenger of God, I want something from you[*]." He replied, "Mother of so and so, consider which of the streets you wish so that I may accomplish what you want." He then went alone with her into a road till she got all she wanted. *Presumably meaning that she wished to speak to him privately about something. Muslim transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5811
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاحِشًا وَلَا لَعَّانًا وَلَا سَبَّابًا كَانَ يَقُولُ عِنْدَ الْمَعْتَبَةِ: «مَا لَهُ تربَ جَبينُه؟» . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
Translation

He said that God's messenger was not unseemly in his language, or given to cursing or reviling. All he said when reproaching someone was, "What is the matter with him? May his forehead cleave to the dust!" Bukhari transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5812
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ. قَالَ: «إِنِّي لَمْ أُبْعَثْ لَعَّانًا وَإِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ رَحْمَةً» . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ
Translation

Abu Huraira told that when God's messenger was asked to invoke a curse on the polytheists, he replied, "I was not sent as one given to cursing; I was sent only as a mercy." Muslim transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5813
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَشَدَّ حَيَاءً مِنَ الْعَذْرَاءِ فِي خِدْرِهَا فَإِذَا رَأَى شَيْئًا يَكْرَهُهُ عَرَفْنَاهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ
Translation
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said

The Prophet was more modest than a virgin in her apartment, and when he saw anything of which he disapproved we could recognise the fact in his face. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

Mishkat al-Masabih 5814
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: مَا رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُسْتَجْمِعًا قَطُّ ضَاحِكًا حَتَّى أَرَى مِنْهُ لَهَوَاتِهِ وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ يتبسم. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
Translation

`A'isha- said she never saw the Prophet laughing so immoderately that she could see his uvula, for he used only to smile. Bukhari transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5815
وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَسْرُدُ الْحَدِيثَ كَسَرْدِكُمْ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ حَدِيثًا لَوْ عَدَّهُ الْعَادُّ لَأَحْصَاهُ. مُتَّفق عَلَيْهِ
Translation
She said

God's messenger did not go on talking rapidly as you do, but would talk in such a way that anyone who wished to count his words would be able to do so. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

Mishkat al-Masabih 5816
وَعَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ: مَا كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصْنَعُ فِي بَيْتِهِ؟ قَالَتْ: كَانَ يَكُونُ فِي مَهْنَةِ أَهْلِهِ - تَعْنِي خدمَة أَهله - فَإِذا حضرت الصَّلَاة خرج إِلَى الصَّلَاة. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
Translation

Al-Aswad told that he asked `A'isha what the Prophet used to do in his house, and she replied that he used to engage in the mihna, i.e. the service, of his family, and when the time for prayer came he went out to prayer. Bukhari transmitted it.

Mishkat al-Masabih 5817
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: مَا خُيِّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ أَمْرَيْنِ قَطُّ إِلَّا أَخَذَ أَيْسَرَهُمَا مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ إِثْمًا فَإِنْ كَانَ إِثْمًا كَانَ أَبْعَدَ النَّاسِ مِنْهُ وَمَا انْتَقَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِنَفْسِهِ فِي شَيْءٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُنتهك حرمةُ الله فينتقم لله بهَا. مُتَّفق عَلَيْهِ
Translation

`A'isha said God's messenger was never given his choice between two things without taking the lesser of them provided it involved no sin, for if it did, no one kept farther away from it than he. And God's messenger never took revenge on his own behalf for anything unless something God had forbidden had been transgressed, in which event he took revenge for it for God's sake. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

Mishkat al-Masabih 5818
وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ: مَا ضَرَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لنَفسِهِ شَيْئًا قَطُّ بِيَدِهِ وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا خَادِمًا إِلَّا أَنْ يُجَاهِدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَمَا نِيلَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ قَطُّ فَيَنْتَقِمُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُنْتَهَكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مَحَارِمِ اللَّهِ فينتقم لله. رَوَاهُ مُسلم
Translation

She said God's messenger never struck anyone with his hand, neither a woman nor a servant, unless he was striving in God's path; and nothing was ever done to him for which he took revenge on the perpetrator unless things God had forbidden were transgressed, in which event he took revenge for God's sake. Muslim transmitted it.

Chapter 8: His Character and Natural Disposition - Section 2

في أخلاقه وشمائله صلى الله عليه وسلم - الفصل الثاني

Mishkat al-Masabih 5819
عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: خَدَمْتُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا ابْنُ ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ خَدَمْتُهُ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ فَمَا لَامَنِي عَلَى شَيْءٍ قَطُّ أَتَى فِيهِ عَلَى يَدَيَّ فَإِنْ لَامَنِي لَائِمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ قَالَ: «دَعُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَوْ قُضِيَ شَيْءٌ كَانَ» . هَذَا لَفَظُ «الْمَصَابِيحِ» وَرَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «شُعَبِ الْإِيمَانِ» . مَعَ تَغْيِيرٍ يَسِيرٍ
Translation
Anas said

I served God's messenger for ten years from the time I was eight years old and he never blamed me for anything which was destroyed at my hand. If any member of his family blamed me, he said, "Leave him alone, for if anything were decreed it would happen." This is the wording in al-Masabih, and Baihaqi has a slightly different version in Shu'ab al-iman.