The Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer
كتاب الْمَسَاجِدِ وَمَوَاضِعِ الصَّلاَةِ
Chapter 8: The permissibility of cursing the Shaitan during prayer, and seeking refuge with Allah from him; and the permissibility of doing a few actions while in salat
Chapter 9: The permissibility of carrying children during prayer, and their garments are regarded as being pure until it is realized that they are impure. Few actions will not invalidate the prayer, and the same applies if several such actions are done but are done separately
I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) leading the people in prayer with Umama daughter of Abu'l-'As on his neck; and when he prostrated he put her down.
Chapter 11: It is disliked to put the hands on the waist during the prayer
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade to do so.
Chapter 12: It is disliked to smooth the pebbles or make the dirt level during salat
It you must do so, do it only once.
Chapter 13: The prohibition of spitting in the masjid, during prayer and at other times. The prohibition of a praying person spitting in front of him or to his right
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saw spittle on the wall towards Qibla, and scratched it away and then turning to the people said: When any one of you prays, he must not spit in front of him, for Allah is in front of him when he is engaged in prayer.
Ibn Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saw sputum sticking to the Qibla wall of the mosque, the rest of the hadith is the same.
I asked Qatada about spitting, in the mosque. He said: I heard Anas b. Malik say: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Spitting in the mosque is a sin, and its expiation is that it should be buried.
I said prayer with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and saw him spitting and rubbing it off with his shoe.
Chapter 16: It is disliked to offer salat in the presence of food that one wants to eat. It is disliked to offer salat while restraining the urge to relieve oneself, and so on
When the supper is brought and the prayer begins, one, should first take food.
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: When the supper is brought before you, and it is also the time to say prayer, first take food before saying evening prayer and do not hasten (to prayer, leaving aside the food).
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: When the supper is served to any one of you and the prayer also begins. (in such a case) first take supper, and do not make haste (for prayer) till you have (taken the food).
A hadith like this has been narrated from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on the authority of Ibn 'Umar with another chain of transmitters.
Al-Qasim was in the presence of 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) that I narrated a hadith and Qasim was a man who committed errors in (pronouncing words) and his mother was a freed slave-girl. 'A'isha said to him: What is the matter with you that you do not narrate as this son of my brother narrated (the ahaditb)? Well I know from where you picked it up. This is how his mother brought him up and how your mother brought you up. Qasim felt angry (on this remark of Hadrat 'A'isha) and showed bitterness towards her. When he saw that the table had been spread for 'A'isha, he stood up, 'A'isha, said: Where are you going? He said: (I am going) to say prayer. She said: Sit down (to take the food). He said: I must say prayer. She said: Sit down, ) faithless, for I have heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: No prayer can be (rightly said) when the food is there (before the worshipper), or when he is prompted by the call of nature.
Chapter 17: Prohibiting one who has eaten garlic, onions, or leeks, and other things that have an offensive odor from coming to the masjid, until that smell has gone away, and such a person should be expelled from the masjid
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: He who eats of this (offensive) plant must not approach our mosque, till its odor dies: (plant signifies) garlic.
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade eating of onions and leek. When we were overpowered by a desire (to eat) we ate them. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: He who eats of this offensive plant must not approach our mosque, for the angels are harmed by the same things as men.
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: He who eats garlic or onion should remain away from us or from our mosque and stay in his house. A kettle was brought to him which had (cooked) vegetables in it, He smelt (offensive) odour in it. On asking he was informed of the vegetables (cooked in it). He said: Take it to such and such Companion. When he saw it, he also disliked eating it. (Upon this). he (the Holy Prophet) said: You may eat it, for I converse wkh one with whom you do not converse.
Chapter 18: The prohibition of making lost property announcements in the masjid, and what should be said by one who hears a person making such an announcement
Who called for a red camel? (Upon this) the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: May it not be restored to you! The mosques are built for what they are meant.
Ibn Buraida narrated it on the authority of his father that a Bedouin came when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had completed the morning prayer. He thrust his head in the door of the mosque, and then the hadith (as narrated above) was narrated. This hadith has been reported by another chain of transmitters.
Chapter 19: As-Sahw (forgetfulness) in prayer and prostrating to compensate for it
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: When any one of you stands up to pray, the devil comes to him and confuses him to that he does not know how much he has prayed. If any one of you has such an experience he should perform two prostrations while sitting down (in qa'da).