General Behavior (Kitab Al-Adab)

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn ‘Amr, from Abu Salamah, from ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that a man asked permission to see the Prophet (ﷺ). The Prophet said, ‘What a bad member of the clan.’ When the man entered, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) welcomed him warmly and spoke to him. When he left, I said, ‘Messenger of Allah, when he asked permission, you said, “What a bad member of the clan,” but when he entered you welcomed him warmly.’ He replied, ‘‘A’ishah, Allah does not love the obscene person who speaks obscenely.’’

‘Abbas al-‘Anbari narrated to us: Aswad ibn ‘Amir narrated to us: Sharik narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Mujahid, from ‘A’ishah, regarding this incident. She said: The Prophet (ﷺ)—meaning him—said, ‘‘A’ishah, among the worst of people are those who are treated with respect because others fear their tongues.’’

Ahmad ibn Mani‘ narrated to us: Abu Qatan narrated to us: Mubarak informed us, from Thabit, from Anas, who said: I never saw a man put his mouth to the ear of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and have him pull his head away; he would not move his head until the man himself moved away. Nor did I ever see a man take his hand and have him pull his hand away; he would not let go until the man himself let go.

Al-Qa‘nabi narrated to us, from Malik, from Ibn Shihab, from Salim ibn ‘Abd Allah, from Ibn ‘Umar, that the Prophet (ﷺ) passed by a man from the Ansar who was admonishing his brother about modesty. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, ‘Leave him be, for modesty is part of faith.’

Sulayman ibn Harb narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us, from Ishaq ibn Suwayd, from Abu Qatadah, who said: We were with ‘Imran ibn Husayn, and Bushayr ibn Ka‘b was there. ‘Imran ibn Husayn related that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, ‘Modesty is all good,’ or, ‘All modesty is good.’ Bushayr ibn Ka‘b said, ‘In some books we find that some of it is calmness and dignity, and some of it is weakness.’ ‘Imran repeated the hadith, and Bushayr repeated his remark. ‘Imran became so angry that his eyes reddened and said, ‘Do you see me relating a hadith from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), while you tell me about your books?’ We said, ‘Abu Nujayd, enough, enough!’

‘Abd Allah ibn Maslamah narrated to us: Shu‘bah narrated to us, from Mansur, from Rib‘i ibn Hirash, from Abu Mas‘ud, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Among the sayings of the earliest prophethood that have reached people is: If you feel no shame, do as you wish.’

Qutaybah ibn Sa‘id narrated to us: Ya‘qub—meaning al-Iskandarani—narrated to us, from ‘Amr, from al-Muttalib, from ‘A’ishah, may Allah have mercy on her, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: ‘By his good character, a believer attains the rank of one who fasts by day and prays by night.’

Abu al-Walid al-Tayalisi and Hafs ibn ‘Umar said: H narrated to us. (Another chain:) Ibn Kathir informed us: Shu‘bah narrated to us, from al-Qasim ibn Abi Bazzah, from ‘Ata’ al-Kaykharani, from Umm al-Darda’, from Abu al-Darda’, from the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: ‘Nothing is heavier on the Scale than good character.’ Abu al-Walid said: I heard ‘Ata’ al-Kaykharani say this. Abu Dawud said: His name was ‘Ata’ ibn Ya‘qub, and he was the maternal uncle of Ibrahim ibn Nafi‘. His name is given as Kaykharani or Kawkharani.

Muhammad ibn ‘Uthman al-Dimashqi, Abu al-Jamahir, said: Abu Ka‘b—Ayyub ibn Muhammad al-Sa‘di—narrated to us: Sulayman ibn Habib al-Muharibi narrated to me, from Abu Umamah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘I guarantee a house on the outskirts of Paradise for whoever gives up arguing, even when he is right; a house in the middle of Paradise for whoever gives up lying, even in jest; and a house in the highest part of Paradise for whoever makes his character good.’

Abu Bakr and ‘Uthman, the sons of Abu Shaybah, narrated to us: Waki‘ narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Ma‘bad ibn Khalid, from Harithah ibn Wahb, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Neither the jawwaz nor the ja‘zari will enter Paradise.’ He said: ‘The jawwaz is the coarse, uncivil person.’

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, who said: Al-‘Adba’, the she-camel of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), had never been beaten in a race. Then a Bedouin came on a young camel of his and raced her, and the Bedouin’s camel outpaced her. That distressed the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He said, ‘It is Allah’s right that whenever something in this world rises, He brings it low.’

Al-Nufayli narrated to us: Zuhayr narrated to us: Humayd narrated to us, from Anas, with this story from the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: ‘It is Allah’s right that nothing in this world rises without Him bringing it down.’

Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Waki‘ narrated to us: Sufyan narrated to us, from Mansur, from Ibrahim, from Hammam, who said: A man came and praised ‘Uthman to his face. Al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad took some dust and threw it in the man’s face, saying: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, ‘When you meet those who lavish praise, throw dust in their faces.’

Ahmad ibn Yunus narrated to us: Abu Shihab narrated to us, from Khalid al-Hadhdha’, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakrah, from his father, that a man praised another man in the presence of the Prophet (ﷺ). He said to him, ‘You have cut your companion’s neck!’—he repeated this three times. Then he said, ‘If one of you simply must praise his companion, let him say that he considers him as he sees him, but does not declare him pure before Allah.’

Musaddad narrated to us: Bishr—meaning Ibn al-Mufaddal—narrated to us: Abu Maslamah Sa‘id ibn Yazid narrated to us, from Abu Nadrah, from Mutarrif, who said: My father said: I went with a delegation of Banu ‘Amir to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and we said, ‘You are our master.’ He replied, ‘The Master is Allah, Blessed and Exalted.’ We said, ‘And the most excellent of us and the greatest in standing.’ He replied, ‘Say what you have to say—or part of what you have to say—but do not let Satan entice you.’

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us, from Yunus and Humayd, from al-Hasan, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Mughaffal, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Allah is gentle and loves gentleness. He grants through gentleness what He does not grant through harshness.’

‘Uthman and Abu Bakr, the sons of Abu Shaybah, and Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah al-Bazzaz said: Sharik narrated to us, from al-Miqdam ibn Shurayh, from his father, who said: I asked ‘A’ishah about going out into the open country. She said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to go out to these uplands. Once, when he wanted to go out, he sent me a she-camel set aside from the charity camels. He said to me, ‘‘A’ishah, be gentle, for gentleness has never been in anything without adorning it, nor removed from anything without disfiguring it.’ Ibn al-Sabbah’s version says ‘muhramah,’ meaning a she-camel that had not been ridden.

Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Abu Mu‘awiyah and Waki‘ narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Tamim ibn Salamah, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Hilal, from Jarir, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever is deprived of gentleness is deprived of all good.’

Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah narrated to us: ‘Affan narrated to us: ‘Abd al-Wahid narrated to us: Sulayman al-A‘mash narrated to us, from Malik ibn al-Harith—al-A‘mash said, ‘I heard them mention it’—from Mus‘ab ibn Sa‘d, from his father. Al-A‘mash added: I know it only as being from the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: ‘Deliberation is fitting in everything except in deeds for the Hereafter.’

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: al-Rabi‘ ibn Muslim narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ziyad, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: ‘Whoever does not thank people has not thanked Allah.’