General Behavior (Kitab Al-Adab)

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, that the Emigrants said, ‘Messenger of Allah, the Helpers have taken all the reward.’ He replied, ‘No, as long as you pray to Allah for them and praise them.’

Musaddad narrated to us: Bishr narrated to us: ‘Umarah ibn Ghaziyyah narrated to us, saying: A man from my people narrated to me, from Jabir ibn ‘Abd Allah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever is given a gift and has the means to reciprocate, let him do so. If he cannot, let him praise the giver. Whoever praises him has thanked him; whoever conceals it has shown ingratitude.’ Abu Dawud said: Yahya ibn Ayyub transmitted it from ‘Umarah ibn Ghaziyyah, from Shurahbil, from Jabir. Abu Dawud said: He is Shurahbil, the man from my people. It seems they disliked him, so they did not name him.

‘Abd Allah ibn al-Jarrah narrated to us: Jarir narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Sufyan, from Jabir, from the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: ‘Whoever receives a favor and mentions it has shown gratitude for it; whoever conceals it has shown ingratitude.’

‘Abd Allah ibn Maslamah narrated to us: ‘Abd al-‘Aziz—meaning Ibn Muhammad—narrated to us, from Zayd—meaning Ibn Aslam—from ‘Ata’ ibn Yasar, from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Beware of sitting along the roads.’ They said, ‘Messenger of Allah, we need our sitting places where we can talk.’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, ‘If you insist, then give the road its due.’ They asked, ‘What is the road’s due, Messenger of Allah?’ He replied, ‘Lowering the gaze, refraining from harm, returning greetings, enjoining what is right, and forbidding what is wrong.’

Musaddad narrated to us: Bishr—meaning Ibn al-Mufaddal—narrated to us: ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ishaq narrated to us, from Sa‘id al-Maqburi, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet (ﷺ), regarding this same report, who said: ‘And guiding people along the way.’

Al-Hasan ibn ‘Isa al-Naysaburi informed us: Ibn al-Mubarak informed us: Jarir ibn Hazim informed us, from Ishaq ibn Suwayd, from Ibn Hujayr al-‘Adawi, who said: I heard ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab report from the Prophet (ﷺ), in this same account, that he said: ‘And help the distressed and guide the lost.’

Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn al-Tabba‘ and Kathir ibn ‘Ubayd said: Marwan narrated to us—according to Ibn ‘Isa’s wording, he said: Humayd narrated to us, from Anas, who said: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said, ‘Messenger of Allah, I have a need to ask of you.’ He said to her, ‘Mother of so-and-so, sit wherever you like along the streets, and I will sit with you.’ She sat, and the Prophet (ﷺ) sat with her until she had stated her need. Ibn ‘Isa did not mention the words, ‘until she had stated her need.’ Kathir said: from Humayd, from Anas.

‘Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Yazid ibn Harun narrated to us; Hammad ibn Salamah informed us, from Thabit, from Anas, that a woman had some impairment in her mind. This report is to the same effect.

Al-Qa‘nabi narrated to us; ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi al-Mawali narrated to us, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi ‘Amrah al-Ansari, from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, ‘The best gatherings are those with the most space.’

Abu Dawud said: He is ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Amr ibn Abi ‘Amrah al-Ansari.

Ibn al-Sarh and Makhlad ibn Khalid said: Sufyan narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir, who said: Someone who heard Abu Hurayrah told me that Abu al-Qasim ﷺ said, ‘When one of you is in the sun’—Makhlad said, ‘in the shade’—and the shade recedes from him, leaving him partly in the sun and partly in the shade, let him move away.

Musaddad narrated to us; Yahya narrated to us, from Isma‘il, who said: Qays told me, from his father, that he came while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delivering a sermon. He stood in the sun, so the Prophet ﷺ ordered that he be moved to the shade.

Musaddad narrated to us; Yahya narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, who said: al-Musayyab ibn Rafi‘ told me, from Tamim ibn Tarafah, from Jabir ibn Samurah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the mosque while they were sitting in circles. He said, ‘Why do I see you sitting in separate groups?’

Wasl ibn ‘Abd al-A‘la narrated to us, from Ibn Fudayl, from al-A‘mash, with this chain. He said: It seems he preferred congregational gathering.

Muhammad ibn Ja‘far al-Warkani and Hannad narrated to us: Sharik informed them, from Simak, from Jabir ibn Samurah, who said: Whenever we came to the Prophet ﷺ, each of us sat wherever he found space.

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; Aban narrated to us; Qatadah narrated to us, saying: Abu Miljaz told me, from Hudhayfah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed anyone who sat in the middle of a circle.

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us; Shu‘bah narrated to us, from ‘Abd Rabbih ibn Sa‘id, from Abu ‘Abd Allah, the client of the family of Abu Burdah, from Sa‘id ibn Abi al-Hasan, who said: Abu Bakrah came to us to give testimony. A man stood up from his seat for him, but Abu Bakrah refused to sit there and said, ‘The Prophet ﷺ forbade this.’ The Prophet ﷺ also forbade a man to wipe his hand on the garment of someone whom he had not clothed.

‘Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us: Muhammad ibn Ja‘far narrated to them, from Shu‘bah, from ‘Aqil ibn Talhah, who said: I heard Abu al-Khusaib, from Ibn ‘Umar, who said: A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Another man stood up from his seat for him, and when he went to sit there, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stopped him. Abu Dawud said: Abu al-Khusaib’s name was Ziyad ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman.

Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us; Aban narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘The example of a believer who recites the Qur’an is that of a citron: its fragrance is pleasant and its taste is pleasant. The example of a believer who does not recite the Qur’an is that of a date: its taste is pleasant but it has no fragrance. The example of a wicked person who recites the Qur’an is that of a fragrant herb: its fragrance is pleasant but its taste is bitter. The example of a wicked person who does not recite the Qur’an is that of a colocynth: its taste is bitter and it has no fragrance. A righteous companion is like someone carrying musk: even if none of it reaches you, its fragrance reaches you. A bad companion is like someone working a bellows: even if its soot does not reach you, its smoke reaches you.’

Musaddad narrated to us; Yahya narrated to us—with the same meaning. [The transmission then continues through another chain:] Ibn Mu‘adh narrated to us; my father narrated to us; Shu‘bah narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas, from Abu Musa, from the Prophet ﷺ, with the first part of this report, up to ‘and its taste is bitter.’ Ibn Mu‘adh added: Anas said, ‘We used to say that a righteous companion is like…’ He then transmitted the rest of the report.

‘Abd Allah ibn al-Sabbah al-‘Attar narrated to us; Sa‘id ibn ‘Amir narrated to us, from Shubayl ibn ‘Azrah, from Anas ibn Malik, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said, ‘The example of a righteous companion…’ He then mentioned a report similar to the one above.