Jihad (Kitab Al-Jihad)

Hannad ibn al-Sari narrated to us, from Ibn al-Mubarak, from Salih ibn Abi al-Akhdar, from al-Zuhri. ‘Urwah said: Usamah narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had charged him with the instruction: “Raid Ubna in the morning and burn it.”

‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amr al-Ghazzi said: I heard Abu Mushir. He was asked about Ubna. He said: “We know it better: it is Yubna in Palestine.”

Harun ibn ‘Abd Allah narrated to us: Hashim ibn al-Qasim narrated to us: Sulayman—meaning Ibn al-Mughirah—narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, who said: The Prophet ﷺ sent Busbasah as a scout to find out what Abu Sufyan’s caravan had done.

‘Ayyash ibn al-Walid al-Raqqam narrated to us: ‘Abd al-A‘la narrated to us: Sa‘id narrated to us, from Qatadah, from al-Hasan, from Samurah ibn Jundub, that the Prophet of Allah ﷺ said: “When one of you comes upon livestock and its owner is there, let him ask the owner’s permission. If he grants it, let him milk the animals and drink. If the owner is not there, let him call out three times; if the owner answers, let him ask permission, but if not, let him milk the animals and drink, and not carry any away.”

‘Ubayd Allah ibn Mu‘adh al-‘Anbari narrated to us: my father narrated to us: Shu‘bah narrated to us, from Abu Bishr, from ‘Abbad ibn Shurahbil, who said: A year of famine afflicted me, so I entered one of the gardens of Medina, rubbed some ears of grain, ate, and carried some in my garment. Then its owner came, struck me, and took my garment. I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said to the owner: “You did not teach him when he was ignorant, nor feed him when he was hungry”—or he said, “famished.” He ordered him to return my garment to me, and he gave me one wasq or half a wasq of food.

Muhammad ibn Bashshar narrated to me: Muhammad ibn Ja‘far narrated to us, from Shu‘bah, from Abu Bishr, who said: I heard ‘Abbad ibn Shurahbil—a man from among us, from Banu Ghubar—[narrate] in a similar sense.

‘Uthman and Abu Bakr, the two sons of Abu Shaybah, narrated to us—this is Abu Bakr’s wording—from Mu‘tamir ibn Sulayman, who said: I heard Ibn Abi Hakam al-Ghifari say: My grandmother narrated to me, from the paternal uncle of Abu Rafi‘ ibn ‘Amr al-Ghifari, who said: I was a boy, shooting at the palm trees of the Ansar. I was brought to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: “Boy, why are you shooting at the palm trees?” I said: “I eat [the dates].” He said: “Do not shoot at the palm trees; eat what falls beneath them.” Then he wiped my head and said: “O Allah, satisfy his hunger.”

‘Abd Allah ibn Maslamah narrated to us, from Malik, from Nafi‘, from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “None of you should milk another person’s livestock without that person’s permission. Would any of you like it if someone came to his storeroom, broke open his store, and took out his food? The udders of people’s livestock are their food stores. So none of you should milk another person’s livestock without that person’s permission.”

Zuhayr ibn Harb narrated to us: Hajjaj narrated to us, saying: Ibn Jurayj said regarding, “O you who believe, obey Allah, obey the Messenger, and those in authority among you” (Qur’an 4:59), that it concerned ‘Abd Allah ibn Qays ibn ‘Adi, whom the Prophet ﷺ sent on a military expedition. Ya‘la informed me of it, from Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn ‘Abbas.

‘Amr ibn Marzuq narrated to us: Shu‘bah informed us, from Zubayd, from Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubaydah, from Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami, from ‘Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent out an army and appointed a man to command them, instructing them to listen to and obey him. He kindled a fire and ordered them to plunge into it. Some refused to enter it, saying, “We fled from the Fire,” while others intended to enter it. This was reported to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: “Had they entered it—or gone into it—they would have remained in it.” He also said: “There is no obedience in disobedience to Allah. Obedience is only in what is right and recognized as good.”

Musaddad narrated to us: Yahya narrated to us, from ‘Ubayd Allah, who narrated to me, from Nafi‘, from ‘Abd Allah, from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, that he said: “Listening and obedience are incumbent on a Muslim in what he likes and what he dislikes, so long as he is not commanded to disobey. If he is commanded to disobey, then there is neither listening nor obedience.”

Yahya ibn Ma‘in narrated to us: ‘Abd al-Samad ibn ‘Abd al-Warith narrated to us: Sulayman—meaning Ibn al-Mughirah—narrated to us: Humayd ibn Hilal narrated to us, from Bishr ibn ‘Asim, from ‘Uqbah ibn Malik, who was one of his clansmen. He said: The Prophet ﷺ sent out a detachment, and I equipped one of its men with a sword. When he returned, he said, “If only you had seen how the Messenger of Allah ﷺ rebuked us!” He said: “When I sent a man from among you and he did not carry out my command, were you unable to appoint in his place someone who would carry out my command?”

‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman al-Himsi and Yazid ibn Qubays—who was from Jabalah, on the coast of Hims; this is Yazid’s wording—narrated to us: They said: al-Walid ibn Muslim narrated to us, from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-‘Ala’, who heard Muslim ibn Mishkam, Abu ‘Ubayd Allah, say: Abu Tha‘labah al-Khushani narrated to us that when people camped—‘Amr said: when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ camped—people would disperse into ravines and valleys. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Your dispersing into these ravines and valleys comes only from Satan.” After that, whenever they camped, they would draw close together, until it was said: “If a cloth were spread over them, it would cover them all.”

Sa‘id ibn Mansur narrated to us: Isma‘il ibn ‘Ayyash narrated to us, from Asid ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Khath‘ami, from Farwah ibn Mujahid al-Lakhmi, from Sahl ibn Mu‘adh ibn Anas al-Juhani, from his father, who said: I took part in such-and-such expedition with the Prophet of Allah ﷺ. People crowded the campsites and blocked the road, so the Prophet of Allah ﷺ sent a caller to announce among the people: “Whoever constricts a campsite or blocks a road has no jihad.”

‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman narrated to us: Baqiyyah narrated to us, from al-Awza‘i, from Asid ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman, from Farwah ibn Mujahid, from Sahl ibn Mu‘adh, from his father, who said: We went on campaign with the Prophet of Allah ﷺ—[the rest] in a similar sense.

Abu Salih, Mahbub ibn Musa, narrated to us: Abu Ishaq al-Fazari informed us, from Musa ibn ‘Uqbah, from Salim Abu al-Nadr, the client of ‘Umar ibn ‘Ubayd Allah—meaning Ibn Ma‘mar, whose secretary he was. Salim said: ‘Abd Allah ibn Abi Awfa wrote to him when he set out against the Haruriyya, saying that on one of the days when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ met the enemy, he said: “O people, do not wish to meet the enemy. Ask Allah, Exalted, for well-being. When you meet them, remain steadfast, and know that Paradise is beneath the shade of swords.” Then he said: “O Allah, Revealer of the Book, Mover of the clouds, and Defeater of the confederates, defeat them and grant us victory over them.”

Nasr ibn ‘Ali narrated to us: my father informed us: al-Muthanna ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, from Qatadah, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went on an expedition, he would say: “O Allah, You are my support and my helper. By Your help I move and attack, and by Your help I fight.”

Sa‘id ibn Mansur narrated to us: Isma‘il ibn Ibrahim narrated to us: Ibn ‘Awn informed us, saying: I wrote to Nafi‘ to ask him about inviting the polytheists during fighting. He wrote to me: “That was in the early days of Islam. The Prophet of Allah ﷺ raided Banu al-Mustaliq while they were off guard and their livestock were being watered at the water. He killed their fighters and took their captives; on that day he captured Juwayriyah bint al-Harith.” ‘Abd Allah narrated this to me; he had been in that army. Abu Dawud said: “This is a distinguished hadith. Ibn ‘Awn narrated it from Nafi‘, and no one shared it with him.”

Musa ibn Isma‘il narrated to us: Hammad narrated to us: Thabit informed us, from Anas, that the Prophet ﷺ would launch a raid at the time of the dawn prayer and listen attentively. If he heard a call to prayer, he held back; otherwise, he would raid.

Sa‘id ibn Mansur narrated to us: Sufyan informed us, from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Nawfal ibn Musahiq, from Ibn ‘Isam al-Muzani, from his father, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us in a detachment and said: “If you see a mosque or hear a caller to prayer, do not kill anyone.”