Jihad (Kitab Al-Jihad)

Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us; Hammad narrated to us; Ata ibn al-Sa'ib informed us, from Murrah al-Hamdani, from Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Our Lord marvels at a man who goes on an expedition in Allah's cause and is routed’—meaning, his companions flee—‘and yet he knows what is incumbent upon him and returns until his blood is shed. Then Allah, Exalted is He, says to His angels: “Look at My servant: he returned, hoping for what is with Me and fearing what is with Me, until his blood was shed.”’

Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us; Hammad narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Amr informed us, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah: Amr ibn Uqaysh had a usurious claim in pre-Islamic times and disliked entering Islam before collecting it. He came on the day of Uhud and said: ‘Where are my cousins?’ They said: ‘At Uhud.’ He asked: ‘Where is so-and-so?’ They said: ‘At Uhud.’ He asked: ‘Where is so-and-so?’ They said: ‘At Uhud.’ He put on his armor, mounted his horse, and set out toward them. When the Muslims saw him, they said: ‘Keep away from us, Amr!’ He said: ‘I have entered Islam.’ He fought until he was wounded and was carried to his family while wounded. Sa'd ibn Mu'adh came to him and said to his sister: ‘Ask him: was this out of zeal for your people, or anger on their behalf, or anger for Allah?’ He replied: ‘Rather, it was anger for Allah and His Messenger.’ Then he died, entered Paradise, and had not performed a single prayer to Allah.

Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to us; Yunus informed me, from Ibn Shihab, who said: Abd al-Rahman and Abdullah ibn Ka'b ibn Malik informed me. Abu Dawud said: Ahmad said, ‘That is how he—meaning Ibn Wahb—said it.’ Anbasah—meaning Ibn Khalid—and he both reported from Yunus. Ahmad said: ‘The correct version is Abd al-Rahman ibn Abdullah, that Salamah ibn al-Akwa said: On the day of Khaybar, my brother fought fiercely, but his sword turned back on him and killed him. The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) discussed the matter and doubted it, saying: “A man died by his own weapon.” The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “He died as one striving in battle.”’ Ibn Shihab said: Then I asked a son of Salamah ibn al-Akwa, and he narrated to me from his father something similar, except that he said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘They were mistaken: he died striving in battle, so he has a double reward.’

Hisham ibn Khalid al-Dimashqi narrated to us; al-Walid narrated to us, from Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sallam, from his father, from his grandfather Abu Sallam, from a man among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: We raided a clan of Juhaynah. A Muslim man pursued one of them and struck at him, but missed him and struck himself with the sword. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘He is your brother, O company of Muslims.’ The people hurried to him and found that he had died. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) wrapped him in his clothes together with his blood, prayed over him, and buried him. They said: ‘Messenger of Allah, is he a martyr?’ He said: ‘Yes, and I bear witness for him.’

Al-Hasan ibn Ali narrated to us; Ibn Abi Maryam narrated to us; Musa ibn Ya'qub al-Zam'i narrated to us, from Abu Hazim, from Sahl ibn Sa'd, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Two supplications are not turned away—or are seldom turned away: supplication at the call to prayer, and at the time of battle, when the two sides engage one another.’ Musa said: Rizq ibn Sa'id ibn Abd al-Rahman also narrated to me, from Abu Hazim, from Sahl ibn Sa'd, from the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: ‘And at the time of rain.’

Hisham ibn Khalid Abu Marwan and Ibn al-Musaffa said: Baqiyyah narrated to us, from Ibn Thawban, from his father—tracing it back through Makhul to Malik ibn Yukhamir—that Mu'adh ibn Jabal told them he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: ‘Whoever fights in the way of Allah for the time it takes to milk a she-camel once, Paradise is assured for him. Whoever sincerely asks Allah for martyrdom and then dies or is killed will have the reward of a martyr.’ Ibn al-Musaffa added from this point: ‘Whoever is wounded in the way of Allah or suffers an injury, it will come on the Day of Resurrection as copious as it had been, its color the color of saffron and its scent the scent of musk. Whoever develops an abscess while in the way of Allah will bear the mark of the martyrs.’

Abu Tawbah narrated to us, from al-Haytham ibn Humayd; and Khushaysh ibn Asram narrated to us; Abu Asim narrated to us—both through Thawr ibn Yazid, from Nasr al-Kinani, from a man. Abu Tawbah said: From Thawr ibn Yazid, from a shaykh among Banu Sulaym, from Utbah ibn Abd al-Sulami—and this is his wording—that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: ‘Do not cut the forelocks of horses, their manes, or their tails. Their tails swat away flies, their manes keep them warm, and goodness is tied to their forelocks.’

Harun ibn Abdullah narrated to us; Hisham ibn Sa'id al-Talqani narrated to us; Muhammad ibn al-Muhajir al-Ansari narrated to us; Aqil ibn Shabib narrated to me, from Abu Wahb al-Jushami—who was a Companion—who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Choose a bay horse with a white blaze and white stockings, a chestnut horse with a white blaze and white stockings, or a black horse with a white blaze and white stockings.’

Muhammad ibn Awf al-Ta'i narrated to us; Abu al-Mughirah narrated to us; Muhammad ibn al-Muhajir narrated to us; Aqil ibn Shabib narrated to us, from Abu Wahb, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Choose a chestnut horse with a white blaze and white stockings, or a bay horse with a white blaze.’ He then mentioned something similar. Muhammad—meaning Ibn al-Muhajir—said: I asked him: ‘Why was the chestnut preferred?’ He replied: ‘Because the Prophet (ﷺ) sent out a detachment, and the first to bring news of victory was a man riding a chestnut horse.’

Yahya ibn Ma'in narrated to us; Husayn ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Shayban, from Isa ibn Ali, from his father, from his grandfather Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘The auspiciousness of horses lies in their chestnut color.’

Musa ibn Marwan al-Raqqi narrated to us; Marwan ibn Mu'awiyah narrated to us, from Abu Hayyan al-Taymi, who said: Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, from Abu Hurayrah: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to call a female horse a faras (horse).

Muhammad ibn Kathir narrated to us; Sufyan informed us, from Salm—who is Ibn Abd al-Rahman—from Abu Zur'ah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Prophet (ﷺ) disliked horses with the shikal pattern. A shikal horse has white on its right hind leg and its left foreleg, or on its right foreleg and its left hind leg. Abu Dawud said: ‘That is, the markings are on opposite legs.’

Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Nufayli narrated to us; Miskin—meaning Ibn Bukayr—narrated to us; Muhammad ibn al-Muhajir narrated to us, from Rabi'ah ibn Yazid, from Abu Kabshah al-Sululi, from Sahl ibn al-Hanzaliyyah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed by a camel whose back had drawn up to its belly. He said: ‘Fear Allah concerning these mute animals. Ride them, and eat them while they are in good condition.’

Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us; Mahdi narrated to us; Ibn Abi Ya'qub narrated to us, from al-Hasan ibn Sa'd, the client of al-Hasan ibn Ali, from Abdullah ibn Ja'far, who said: One day the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had me ride behind him. He whispered something to me that I will not tell anyone. The place the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) preferred as a screen when relieving himself was a raised mound or a palm grove. He entered an enclosure belonging to a man from the Ansar, where there was a camel. When it saw the Prophet (ﷺ), it groaned and its eyes shed tears. The Prophet (ﷺ) went to it and rubbed behind its ears, and it became quiet. He said: ‘Who is the owner of this camel? Whose camel is this?’ A young man from the Ansar came and said: ‘It is mine, Messenger of Allah.’ He said: ‘Will you not fear Allah concerning this animal that Allah has placed in your possession? It has complained to me that you starve it and wear it out with work.’

Abdullah ibn Maslamah al-Qa'nabi related to us, from Malik, from Sumayy, the client of Abu Bakr, from Abu Salih al-Samman, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘While a man was walking along a road, he became extremely thirsty. He found a well, climbed down into it, drank, and then came out. There he saw a dog panting and eating the dust because of thirst. The man said, “This dog has become as thirsty as I had become.” He climbed down into the well, filled his two leather socks with water, held them in his mouth, climbed back up, and gave the dog water. Allah appreciated his deed and forgave him.’ They asked, ‘Messenger of Allah, will we be rewarded for kindness to animals?’ He replied, ‘There is a reward for every living creature with a moist liver.’

Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna related to us; Muhammad ibn Ja'far narrated to me; Shu'bah related to us, from Hamzah al-Dabbi, who said: I heard Anas ibn Malik say: ‘When we stopped at a place, we would not pray until we had loosened the saddles.’

Abdullah ibn Maslamah al-Qa'nabi related to us, from Malik, from Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Hazm, from Abbad ibn Tamim, that Abu Bashir al-Ansari informed him that he had been with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on one of his journeys. The Messenger of Allah sent a messenger. Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr said, ‘I think he said: while the people were at their sleeping place: “No camel should be left with a necklace of bowstrings around its neck, or any other necklace, without it being cut off.”’ Malik said, ‘I think that was because of the evil eye.’

Harun ibn Abdullah related to us; Hisham ibn Sa'id al-Talqani related to us; Muhammad ibn al-Muhajir informed us; Aqil ibn Shabib narrated to me, from Abu Wahb al-Jushami, who had been a Companion. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Keep horses, and wipe their forelocks and hindquarters’—or he said, ‘their rumps’—‘and put collars on them, but do not collar them with bowstrings.’

Musaddad related to us; Yahya related to us, from Ubaydullah, from Nafi, from Salim, from Abu al-Jarrah, the client of Umm Habibah, from Umm Habibah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: ‘The angels do not accompany a travelling party that has a bell.’

Ahmad ibn Yunus related to us; Zuhayr related to us; Suhayl ibn Abi Salih related to us, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘The angels do not accompany a travelling party that has a dog or a bell.’