Jihad (Kitab Al-Jihad)

Abu Tawbah—the Rabi' ibn Nafi'—narrated to us from Ibn al-Mubarak, from Ibn Abi Dhi'b, from al-Qasim, from Bukayr ibn Abdullah ibn al-Ashajj, from Ibn Makraz, a man from the people of Syria, from Abu Hurayrah: A man said: ‘Messenger of Allah, a man wishes to strive in the way of Allah while seeking some worldly gain.’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘He will have no reward.’ The people thought this grave and said to the man: ‘Go back to the Messenger of Allah, for perhaps you did not make yourself understood.’ He said: ‘Messenger of Allah, a man wishes to strive in the way of Allah while seeking some worldly gain.’ He replied: ‘He will have no reward.’ They said to the man: ‘Go back to the Messenger of Allah.’ He asked him a third time, and he said to him: ‘He will have no reward.’

Hafs ibn Umar narrated to us; Shu'bah narrated to us, from Amr ibn Murrah, from Abu Wa'il, from Abu Musa: A Bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: ‘A man fights for renown; a man fights to be praised; a man fights to gain spoils; and a man fights so that his position may be seen.’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Whoever fights so that the word of Allah may be supreme is in the way of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.’

Ali ibn Muslim narrated to us; Abu Dawud narrated to us, from Shu'bah, from Amr, who said: I heard a hadith from Abu Wa'il that I found remarkable, and he related its meaning.

Muslim ibn Hatim al-Ansari narrated to us; Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Abi al-Waddah narrated to us, from al-Ala ibn Abdullah ibn Rafi, from Hanan ibn Kharijah, from Abdullah ibn Amr, who said—Abdullah ibn Amr said: ‘Messenger of Allah, tell me about striving and going on an expedition.’ He replied: ‘Abdullah ibn Amr, if you fight with patient endurance, seeking reward from Allah, Allah will resurrect you in that state of patient endurance and seeking reward. But if you fight to show off and to amass much, Allah will resurrect you in that state of showing off and amassing much. Abdullah ibn Amr, whatever state you fight in or are killed in, Allah will resurrect you in that same state.’

Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Idris narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, from Isma'il ibn Umayyah, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘When your brothers were struck down at Uhud, Allah placed their spirits within green birds that visit the rivers of Paradise, eat from its fruits, and shelter in golden lamps suspended in the shade of the Throne. When they experienced the goodness of their food, drink, and resting place, they said: “Who will convey to our brothers from us that we are alive in Paradise, provided for, so that they will not lose heart about striving and will not shrink back in battle?” Allah, Glorified is He, said: “I will convey it to them on your behalf.”’ He said: Then Allah revealed, ‘Do not think that those who have been killed in the way of Allah…’—to the end of the verse.

Musaddad narrated to us; Yazid ibn Zuray' narrated to us; Awf narrated to us; Hasna' bint Mu'awiyah al-Sarimiyyah told us that her paternal uncle told them: I said to the Prophet (ﷺ): ‘Who is in Paradise?’ He replied: ‘The Prophet is in Paradise; the martyr is in Paradise; the one born is in Paradise; and the girl buried alive is in Paradise.’

Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us; Yahya ibn Hassan narrated to us; al-Walid ibn Rabah al-Dhimari narrated to us; my uncle—Nimran ibn Utbah al-Dhimari—narrated to me. He said: We went in to Umm al-Darda while we were orphans, and she said: ‘Rejoice, for I heard Abu al-Darda say that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “A martyr's intercession will be accepted for seventy members of his household.”’ Abu Dawud said: ‘The correct form is Rabah ibn al-Walid.’

Muhammad ibn Amr al-Razi narrated to us; Salamah—meaning Ibn al-Fadl—narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, who said: Yazid ibn Ruman narrated to me, from Urwah, from A'ishah, who said: When the Negus died, we used to say that a light continued to be seen over his grave.

Muhammad ibn Kathir narrated to us; Shu'bah informed us, from Amr ibn Murrah, who said: I heard Amr ibn Maymun, from Abdullah ibn Rabi'ah, from Ubayd ibn Khalid al-Sulami, say: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) paired two men as brothers. One of them was killed, and the other died a week or so later. We prayed over him, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘What did you say?’ We replied: ‘We supplicated for him and said: “O Allah, forgive him and join him with his companion.”’ The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Then what of his prayer after his prayer, and his fasting after his fasting?’ Shu'bah was uncertain about the mention of his fasting. The report continues: ‘And his deeds after his deeds? The distance between the two is like the distance between heaven and earth.’

Ibrahim ibn Musa al-Razi narrated to us; he reported (ḥāʾ); and Amr ibn Uthman narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Harb narrated to us—same meaning; I have a more precise account of his narration—from Abu Salamah, Sulayman ibn Sulaym, from Yahya ibn Jabir al-Ta'i, from the nephew of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, from Abu Ayyub, who heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: ‘Cities will be conquered for you, and armies will be assembled; detachments will be assigned to you among them. A man among you will dislike being assigned to a detachment there, so he will slip away from his people, then go around among the tribes, presenting himself to them and saying: “Who will let me take his place in such-and-such detachment? Who will let me take his place in such-and-such detachment?” Indeed, that man is a hireling to the very last drop of his blood.’

Ibrahim ibn al-Hasan al-Missisi narrated to us; Hajjaj—meaning Ibn Muhammad—narrated to us; and Abd al-Malik ibn Shu'ayb narrated to us; Ibn Wahb narrated to us, from al-Layth ibn Sa'd, from Haywah ibn Shurayh, from Ibn Shufa, from his father, from Abdullah ibn Amr, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘The one who goes on an expedition receives his reward, and the one who provides the incentive receives his own reward and the reward of the one who goes on the expedition.’

Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to us; Asim ibn Hakim informed me, from Yahya ibn Abi Amr al-Saybani, from Abdullah ibn al-Daylami, that Ya'la ibn Munyah said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) announced an expedition, and I was an old man with no servant. I sought a hired man who could serve in my place, and I would give him his allotted share. I found a man. When the time to depart drew near, he came to me and said: ‘I do not know what the shares are or how much my share will be. Name a fixed amount for me, whether there is a share or not.’ I named three dinars for him. When the spoils became available, I wanted to give him his share, but I remembered the dinars. So I went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and told him about the matter. He said: ‘I find nothing for him from this expedition, in this world or the Hereafter, beyond the dinars that he named.’

Muhammad ibn Kathir narrated to us; Sufyan informed us; Ata ibn al-Sa'ib narrated to us, from his father, from Abdullah ibn Amr, who said: A man came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: ‘I have come to pledge allegiance to you for migration, leaving my parents behind in tears.’ He said: ‘Go back to them and make them laugh, just as you made them weep.’

Muhammad ibn Kathir narrated to us; Sufyan informed us, from Habib ibn Abi Thabit, from Abu al-Abbas, from Abdullah ibn Amr, who said: A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: ‘Messenger of Allah, shall I strive?’ He asked: ‘Do you have parents?’ He replied: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Then strive in serving them.’ Abu Dawud said: ‘This Abu al-Abbas was a poet; his name was al-Sa'ib ibn Farrukh.’

Sa'id ibn Mansur narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to us; Amr ibn al-Harith informed me that Darraj Abu al-Samh narrated to him, from Abu al-Haytham, from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri: A man migrated from Yemen to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), who asked: ‘Do you have anyone in Yemen?’ He said: ‘My parents.’ He asked: ‘Did they give you permission?’ He said: ‘No.’ He said: ‘Go back to them and ask their permission. If they give you permission, then strive; otherwise, show them filial devotion.’

Abd al-Salam ibn Mutahhar narrated to us; Ja'far ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, who said: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went on an expedition, he would take Umm Sulaym and women from among the Ansar with him so that they could give water and tend to the wounded.

Sa'id ibn Mansur narrated to us; Abu Mu'awiyah narrated to us; Ja'far ibn Burqan narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Nashbah, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Three things are among the foundations of faith: refraining from harming anyone who says, “There is no god but Allah”; not declaring him an unbeliever because of a sin; and not expelling him from Islam because of a deed. Striving in Allah's cause continues from the time Allah sent me until the last member of my community fights the Dajjal; neither the injustice of an oppressor nor the justice of a just ruler invalidates it. And faith in the divine decrees.’

Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us; Ibn Wahb narrated to us; Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from al-Ala ibn al-Harith, from Makhul, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Striving in Allah's cause is incumbent upon you with every leader, whether righteous or wicked. Prayer is incumbent upon you behind every Muslim, whether righteous or wicked, even if he commits major sins; and prayer is a duty upon every Muslim, whether righteous or wicked, even if he commits major sins.’

Muhammad ibn Sulayman al-Anbari narrated to us; Ubaydah ibn Humayd narrated to us, from al-Aswad ibn Qays, from Nubayh al-Anazi, from Jabir ibn Abdullah, who reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) intended to go on an expedition and said: ‘O company of the Emigrants and the Helpers, among your brothers are people who have neither property nor clan. Let one of you take two or three men along with him. None of us has a mount to carry him except by taking turns, one turn like another.’ The narrator explains: ‘meaning one of them.’ I took two or three men with me. He said: ‘My camel affords me only a turn like one of theirs.’

Ahmad ibn Salih narrated to us; Asad ibn Musa narrated to us; Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to us; Damrah narrated to me that Ibn Zughb al-Iyadi told him: Abdullah ibn Hawalah al-Azdi stayed with me. He said to me: ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent us out on foot to obtain spoils. We returned without obtaining anything, and he saw the signs of hardship on our faces. He stood among us and said: “O Allah, do not leave them in my care, lest I prove too weak for them; do not leave them to themselves, lest they prove unable to manage it; and do not leave them to other people, lest they favor themselves over them.”’ Then he placed his hand on my head—or he said: ‘on my crown’—and said: ‘Ibn Hawalah, when you see the caliphate established in the Holy Land, earthquakes, turmoil, and momentous events will have drawn near. On that day, the Hour will be nearer to people than this hand of mine is to your head.’ Abu Dawud said: ‘Abdullah ibn Hawalah was from Hims.’