Fasting

كتاب الصوم

Chapter 11: "Start observing Saum on seeing the crescent of Ramadan, and stop on seeing the crescent (of Shawwal)."

Narrated Um Salama

The Prophet (ﷺ) vowed to keep aloof from his wives for a period of one month, and after the completion of 29 days he went either in the morning or in the afternoon to his wives. Someone said to him "You vowed that you would not go to your wives for one month." He replied, "The month is of 29 days."

Narrated Anas

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) vowed to keep aloof from his wives for one month, and he had dislocation of his leg. So, he stayed in a Mashruba for 29 nights and then came down. Some people said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! You vowed to stay aloof for one month," He replied, "The month is of 29 days."

Chapter 12: The two months of Eid do not decrease

Abu 'Abd al-Allah said, Ishaq said, "If it is incomplete, it is perfect." He said Mohamed They do not meet both are incomplete.
Narrated Abu Bakra

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The two months of `Id i.e. Ramadan and Dhul-Hijja, do not decrease (in superiority).

Chapter 13: "We neither write nor know accounts."

Narrated Ibn `Umar

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "We are an illiterate nation; we neither write, nor know accounts. The month is like this and this, i.e. sometimes of 29 days and sometimes of thirty days."

Chapter 14: Not to observe Saum for a day or two ahead of Ramadan

Narrated Abu Huraira

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "None of you should fast a day or two before the month of Ramadan unless he has the habit of fasting (Nawafil) (and if his fasting coincides with that day) then he can fast that day."

Chapter 15: "It is made lawful for you to have sexual relations with your wives on the night of the As-Saum."

Narrated Al-Bara

It was the custom among the companions of Muhammad that if any of them was fasting and the food was presented (for breaking his fast), but he slept before eating, he would not eat that night and the following day till sunset. Qais bin Sirma-al-Ansari was fasting and came to his wife at the time of Iftar (breaking one's fast) and asked her whether she had anything to eat. She replied, "No, but I would go and bring some for you." He used to do hard work during the day, so he was overwhelmed by sleep and slept. When his wife came and saw him, she said, "Disappointment for you." When it was midday on the following day, he fainted and the Prophet (ﷺ) was informed about the whole matter and the following verses were revealed: "You are permitted To go to your wives (for sexual relation) At the night of fasting." So, they were overjoyed by it. And then Allah also revealed: "And eat and drink Until the white thread Of dawn appears to you Distinct from the black thread (of the night)." (2.187)

Chapter 16: The Statement of Allah Taa'la: "And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn appears to you distinct from the black."

In it, the innocence of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him.
Narrated `Adi bin Hatim

When the above verses were revealed: 'Until the white thread appears to you, distinct from the black thread,' I took two (hair) strings, one black and the other white, and kept them under my pillow and went on looking at them throughout the night but could not make anything out of it. So, the next morning I went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and told him the whole story. He explained to me, "That verse means the darkness of the night and the whiteness of the dawn."

Narrated Sahl bin Saud

When the following verses were revealed: 'Eat and drink until the white thread appears to you, distinct from the black thread' and of dawn was not revealed, some people who intended to fast, tied black and white threads to their legs and went on eating till they differentiated between the two. Allah then revealed the words, 'of dawn', and it became clear that meant night and day.

Chapter 17: "The Adhan of Bilal should not stop you from taking Sahur"

Narrated `Aisha

Bilal used to pronounce the Adhan at night, so Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)? said, "Carry on taking your meals (eat and drink) till Ibn Um Maktum pronounces the Adhan, for he does not pronounce it till it is dawn.

Chapter 18: Taking the Sahur hurriedly (shortly before dawn)

Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d

I used to take my Suhur meals with my family and then hurry up for presenting myself for the (Fajr) prayer with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).

Chapter 19: Interval between the Sahur and Salat-ul-Fajr

Narrated Anas

Zaid bin Thabit said, "We took the Suhur with the Prophet (ﷺ) . Then he stood for the prayer." I asked, "What was the interval between the Suhur and the Adhan?" He replied, "The interval was sufficient to recite fifty verses of the Qur'an."

Chapter 20: Sahur is a blessing but it is not compulsory

Because the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, and his companions, prayed, and did not remember the suhoor.
Narrated `Abdullah

The Prophet (ﷺ) fasted for days continuously; the people also did the same but it was difficult for them. So, the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade them (to fast continuously for more than one day). They slid, "But you fast without break (no food was taken in the evening or in the morning)." The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, "I am not like you, for I am provided with food and drink (by Allah).

Narrated Anas bin Malik

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Take Suhur as there is a blessing in it."

Chapter 21: If the intention of Saum was made in the daytime.

The mother of the Darada said that Abu al -Daradaa was saying goodbye to you, and if we say no. He said that I am a fasting day. And Abu Talah, Abu Hurairah, and Ibn Abbas, and the deletion of God, may God be pleased with them.
Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa`

Once the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered a person on 'Ashura' (the tenth of Muharram) to announce, "Whoever has eaten, should not eat any more, but fast, and who has not eaten should not eat, but complete his fast (till the end of the day).

Chapter 22: If a person observing Saum gets up in the morning in the state of Janaba

Narrated `Aisha and Um Salama

At times Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to get up in the morning in the state of Janaba after having sexual relations with his wives. He would then take a bath and fast.

Chapter 23: To embrace while one is observing Saum (fast)

'Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said that her vagina is forbidden to him.
Narrated `Aisha

The Prophet (ﷺ) used to kiss and embrace (his wives) while he was fasting, and he had more power to control his desires than any of you. Said Jabir, "The person who gets discharge after casting a look (on his wife) should complete his fast."

Chapter 24: Kissing by a fasting person

Jabir bin Zaid said that if he looked at him, he would be fasted.
Narrated Hisham's father

Aisha said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to kiss some of his wives while he was fasting," and then she smiled.

Narrated Zainab

(daughter of Um Salama) that her mother said, "While I was (lying) with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) underneath a woolen sheet, I got the menstruation, and then slipped away and put on the clothes (which I used to wear) in menses. He asked, "What is the matter? Did you get your menses?" I replied in the affirmative and then entered underneath that woolen sheet. I and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to take a bath from one water pot and he used to kiss me while he was fasting."

Chapter 25: Taking a bath by a person observing Saum (fast)

Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) gave them a garment and threw it at him while he was fasting. Al-Shaabi entered the bathroom while fasting. Ibn 'Abbas said it is okay to feed the pot, or the thing. Al-Hasan said that it is okay to rinse and cool down for the fasting person. Ibn Mas'ud said, "If one of you fasts, let him become fat and dismounted." Anas said that I have an abzen to get into while I am fasting. It is reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah Allaah be upon him) that he was fasting while fasting. Ibn 'Umar said, "He stays at the beginning and end of the day, and does not swallow his saliqah." Ataa said, "If his blood is broken, I do not say break the fast." Ibn Sirin said that wet miswak is fine. He was told a taste. He said, and the water has a taste, and you chew on it. Anas, al-Hasan and Ibrahim did not see anything wrong with kohl for the fasting person.
Narrated `Aisha

(At times) in Ramadan the Prophet (ﷺ) used to take a bath in the morning not because of a wet dream and would continue his fast.

Narrated Abu Bakr bin `Abdur-Rahman

My father and I went to `Aisha and she said, "I testify that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) at times used to get up in the morning in a state of Janaba from sexual intercourse, not from a wet dream and then he would fast that day." Then he went to Um Salama and she also narrated a similar thing.