Sunan Ibn Majah
Etiquette
كتاب الأدب
Chapter 1
بِرِّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Ibn Salamah al-Sulami said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘I urge each person to care for his mother. I urge each person to care for his mother. I urge each person to care for his mother’—three times. ‘I urge each person to care for his father, and I urge each person to care for the close dependent under his care, even if that person causes him distress.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The word mawla can refer to a patron, client, ally, or dependent; the clause describes someone close to and under a person's care.
قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " أُوصِي امْرَأً بِأُمِّهِ أُوصِي امْرَأً بِأُمِّهِ أُوصِي امْرَأً بِأُمِّهِ - ثَلاَثًا - أُوصِي امْرَأً بِأَبِيهِ أُوصِي امْرَءًا بِمَوْلاَهُ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُ أَذًى يُؤْذِيهِ " .
Mawla has several relational senses, and the phrase ‘the one who is nearest to him’ does not specify the exact social relation.
Is ‘dependent under his care’ the intended sense of mawla here?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Maymun al-Makki said: Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah narrated to us, from ‘Umarah ibn al-Qa‘qa‘, from Abu Zur‘ah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: ‘They asked, “Messenger of Allah, to whom should we show the greatest kindness?” He replied, “Your mother.” They asked, “Then whom?” He replied, “Your mother.” They asked, “Then whom?” He replied, “Your father.” They asked, “Then whom?” He replied, “The nearest, then the next nearest.”’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: Jarir narrated to us, from Suhayl, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘A child cannot repay his parent unless he finds him enslaved, buys him, and sets him free.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: ‘Abd al-Samad ibn ‘Abd al-Warith narrated to us, from Hammad ibn Salamah, from ‘Asim, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A qintar is twelve thousand uqiyyahs; each uqiyyah is better than all that lies between heaven and earth.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: “A man’s rank in Paradise will be raised, and he will ask, ‘How did this come about?’ He will be told, ‘By your child’s praying for forgiveness for you.’”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Qintar and uqiyyah are historical units of weight; the wording gives the equivalence but does not specify a modern conversion.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated from al-Miqdam ibn Ma‘dikarib that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Allah instructs you to care for your mothers’—three times—‘Allah instructs you to care for your fathers, and Allah instructs you to care for those nearest to you, then those next nearest.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated from Abu Umamah that a man asked: ‘Messenger of Allah, what rights do parents have over their child?’ He replied, ‘They are your Paradise and your Fire.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا حَقُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ عَلَى وَلَدِهِمَا قَالَ " هُمَا جَنَّتُكَ وَنَارُكَ " .
The English witness adds a ‘Daif’ grading after the report, but that grading is absent from this Arabic passage.
Should the witness's grading be retained as separate editorial metadata rather than part of the translation?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Darda’ heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘The father is the middlemost of the gates of Paradise. So either neglect that gate or guard it.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The wording preserves the metaphor of the father as a gate of Paradise.
سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقُولُ " الْوَالِدُ أَوْسَطُ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَأَضِعْ ذَلِكَ الْبَابَ أَوِ احْفَظْهُ " .
The witness explains the ‘middle gate’ as the best way to Paradise, while the Arabic wording itself keeps the gate metaphor.
Should the explanatory gloss be represented separately from the translated metaphor?
Chapter 2
صِلْ مَنْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ يَصِلُ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that ‘Ali ibn Muhammad said: ‘Abdullah ibn Idris narrated to us, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Sulayman, from Asid ibn ‘Ali ibn ‘Ubayd, the freed client of Banu Sa‘idah, from his father, from Abu Usayd Malik ibn Rabi‘ah, who said: ‘While we were with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), a man from Banu Sulaym came to him and asked, “Messenger of Allah, is there anything left by which I can show kindness to my parents after they die?” He replied, “Yes: pray for them, ask forgiveness for them, fulfill their commitments after their death, honor their friends, and uphold the ties of kinship that can only be maintained through them.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
مَالِكِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَبَقِيَ مِنْ بِرِّ أَبَوَىَّ شَىْءٌ أَبَرُّهُمَا بِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَوْتِهِمَا قَالَ " نَعَمْ الصَّلاَةُ عَلَيْهِمَا وَالاِسْتِغْفَارُ لَهُمَا وَإِيفَاءٌ بِعُهُودِهِمَا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَوْتِهِمَا وَإِكْرَامُ صَدِيقِهِمَا وَصِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ الَّتِي لاَ تُوصَلُ إِلاَّ بِهِمَا " .
The Arabic says al-salah ‘alayhima (prayer for/upon them), whereas the English witness specifies funeral prayer.
Does the source context support narrowing this to the funeral prayer?
Chapter 3
بِرِّ الْوَالِدِ وَالإِحْسَانِ إِلَى الْبَنَاتِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that ‘Aishah said: ‘Some Bedouins came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked, “Do you kiss your children?” They were told, “Yes.” They said, “By Allah, we do not kiss them.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “What can I do if Allah has removed mercy from you?”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic uses plural ‘they said’ both after the question and before the statement that they did not kiss their children; the witness makes the first response singular.
قَالَتْ قَدِمَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الأَعْرَابِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَقَالُوا أَتُقَبِّلُونَ صِبْيَانَكُمْ قَالُوا نَعَمْ .
The Arabic repeats the plural verb qalu ‘they said’ for the reply ‘Yes’; it does not explicitly identify the speaker singularly.
Does the plural refer to the people present who answered the Bedouins, as reflected in the witness's singular ‘He said’?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated from Ya‘la al-‘Amiri that he said: ‘Al-Hasan and al-Husayn came running to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He embraced them and said, “A child can make one miserly and cowardly.”’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: Zayd ibn al-Hubab narrated to us, from Musa ibn ‘Ulayy, who said: ‘I heard my father mention, from Suraqah ibn Malik, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Shall I not tell you of the best charity? It is your daughter returned to you, with no provider for her besides you.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَ " أَلاَ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى أَفْضَلِ الصَّدَقَةِ ابْنَتُكَ مَرْدُودَةً إِلَيْكَ لَيْسَ لَهَا كَاسِبٌ غَيْرُكَ " .
The witness appends the grading ‘Daif,’ which does not appear in this Arabic source passage.
Should the grading be preserved separately as editorial metadata?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Sa‘sa‘ah, the paternal uncle of al-Ahnaf, said: ‘A woman came to ‘Aishah with her two daughters. ‘Aishah gave her three dates, and the woman gave each of her daughters one date, then split the remaining date between them. ‘Aishah said: “The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came, and I told him about it. He said, ‘Why are you surprised? She has entered Paradise because of it.’”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
عَمِّ الأَحْنَفِ قَالَ دَخَلَتْ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ امْرَأَةٌ مَعَهَا ابْنَتَانِ لَهَا فَأَعْطَتْهَا ثَلاَثَ تَمَرَاتٍ فَأَعْطَتْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا تَمْرَةً ثُمَّ صَدَعَتِ الْبَاقِيَةَ بَيْنَهُمَا .
The Arabic sequence indicates the visitor distributed the dates to her daughters after receiving them; the witness presents the visitor as the one who initially gave the narrator dates.
Does the first giver refer to ‘Aishah, with the visitor receiving the three dates before sharing them?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that al-Husayn ibn al-Hasan al-Marwazi said: Ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us, from Harmalah ibn ‘Imran, who said: ‘I heard Abu ‘Ushanah al-Ma‘afiri say: “I heard ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amir say: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘Whoever has three daughters, is patient with them, feeds them, gives them drink, and clothes them from his means, they will be a shield for him from the Fire on the Day of Resurrection.’”’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that al-Husayn ibn al-Hasan said: Ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us, from Fitr, from Abu Sa‘d, from Ibn ‘Abbas, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘There is no man for whom two daughters reach maturity and who treats them well for as long as they are with him—or he is with them—but that they will cause him to enter Paradise.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic says ‘his two daughters reach him’; it does not explicitly specify puberty or another age threshold.
قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ تُدْرِكُ لَهُ ابْنَتَانِ فَيُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهِمَا مَا صَحِبَتَاهُ أَوْ صَحِبَهُمَا إِلاَّ أَدْخَلَتَاهُ الْجَنَّةَ " .
The English witness specifies that the daughters reach puberty, while the Arabic wording does not state that age threshold explicitly.
Is ‘reach puberty’ an explanatory interpretation intended for this Arabic phrase?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that al-‘Abbas ibn al-Walid al-Dimashqi said: ‘Ali ibn ‘Ayyash narrated to us; Sa‘id ibn ‘Umarah narrated to us; al-Harith ibn al-Nu‘man informed me: I heard Anas ibn Malik narrating from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: “Honor your children and cultivate their manners well.”’
Chapter 4
حَقِّ الْجِوَارِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah narrated to us, from ‘Amr ibn Dinar, who heard Nafi‘ ibn Jubayr reporting from Abu Shurayh al-Khuza‘i, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him treat his neighbor well. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his guest. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good words or remain silent.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: Yazid ibn Harun and ‘Abdah ibn Sulayman narrated to us; and Muhammad ibn Rumh narrated to us: al-Layth ibn Sa‘d informed us. All of them narrated from Yahya ibn Sa‘id, from Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Amr ibn Hazm, from ‘Amrah, from ‘Aishah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Jibril kept urging me to care for the neighbor until I thought he would make him an heir.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that ‘Ali ibn Muhammad said: Waki‘ narrated to us; Yunus ibn Abi Ishaq narrated to us, from Mujahid, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Jibril kept urging me to care for the neighbor until I thought he would make him an heir.’
Chapter 5
حَقِّ الضَّيْفِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ibn ‘Ajlan, from Sa‘id ibn Abi Sa‘id, from Abu Shurayh al-Khuza‘i, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: ‘Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him honor his guest. The guest’s special hospitality is one day and one night. It is not permissible for a guest to stay with his host so long that he causes him hardship. Hospitality lasts three days; whatever the host spends on him after three days is charity.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic uses ja'izah for the guest's special reception or hospitality during the first day and night.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَ " مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ وَجَائِزَتُهُ يَوْمٌ وَلَيْلَةٌ وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَثْوِيَ عِنْدَ صَاحِبِهِ حَتَّى يُحْرِجَهُ الضِّيَافَةُ ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَمَا أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ " .
Ja'izah can refer to the guest's special welcome or provision; the witness renders it as a ‘reward.’
Is the intended sense special hospitality for the first day and night, rather than a reward paid to the guest?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Muhammad ibn Rumh said: al-Layth ibn Sa‘d informed us, from Yazid ibn Abi Habib, from Abu al-Khayr, from ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amir, who said: ‘We said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), “You send us out, and we stay with people who do not host us. What do you think we should do?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to us, “If you stay with people and they provide for you what is due to a guest, accept it. If they do not, then take from them the guest’s due that they ought to provide.”’