Sunan Ibn Majah
Etiquette
كتاب الأدب
Chapter 22
مَنْ قَامَ مِنْ مَجْلِسٍ فَرَجَعَ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that ‘Amr ibn Rafi‘ said: Jarir narrated to us, from Suhayl ibn Abi Salih, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: ‘When one of you gets up from his place and then returns, he has more right to it.’
Chapter 23
الْمَعَاذِيرِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that ‘Ali ibn Muhammad said: Waki‘ narrated to us; Sufyan narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, from Ibn Mina’, from Jawdan, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘If someone offers his brother an excuse and he does not accept it, he bears a sin like that of a collector of unlawful taxes.’ Muhammad ibn Isma‘il narrated to us: Waki‘ narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Ibn Jurayj, from al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman—namely, Ibn Mina’—from Jawdan, from the Prophet, a report similar to this one.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source includes two transmission routes, the second explicitly described as carrying a similar report. Sahib maks refers to a collector of unlawful levies or tolls.
قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " مَنِ اعْتَذَرَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ بِمَعْذِرَةٍ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْهَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ خَطِيئَةِ صَاحِبِ مَكْسٍ " .
Sahib maks denotes a collector of unlawful taxes or levies; the precise institutional form is not specified here.
Is ‘collector of unlawful taxes’ the clearest rendering of sahib maks in this context?
Chapter 24
الْمِزَاحِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Waki‘ narrated to us, from Zam‘ah ibn Salih, from al-Zuhri, from Wahb ibn ‘Abd ibn Zam‘ah, from Umm Salamah; and ‘Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us: Waki‘ narrated to us, from Zam‘ah ibn Salih, from al-Zuhri, from ‘Abdullah ibn Wahb ibn Zam‘ah, from Umm Salamah, who said: ‘A year before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) died, Abu Bakr went on a trading journey to Busra, accompanied by Nu‘ayman and Suwaybit ibn Harmalah. Both had been at Badr. Nu‘ayman was in charge of the provisions, and Suwaybit was a man who liked to joke. He said to Nu‘ayman, “Feed me.” Nu‘ayman replied, “Not until Abu Bakr comes.” Suwaybit said, “Then I will certainly annoy you.” They passed by some people, and Suwaybit said to them, “Will you buy a slave of mine?” They said, “Yes.” He said, “He is a talkative slave, and he will tell you, ‘I am a free man.’ If you let him go when he says this, do not spoil my sale.” They said, “No, we will buy him from you.” They bought him for ten young she-camels, then brought him and placed a turban or rope around his neck. Nu‘ayman said, “This man is making fun of you. I am free, not a slave.” They replied, “We have already been told about you,” and took him away. Abu Bakr came, and they told him what had happened. He followed the people, returned their camels, and took Nu‘ayman back. When they came to the Prophet and told him what had happened, the Prophet and his Companions laughed about it for a year.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The report preserves two transmission routes, which give slightly different forms of a narrator's name. Qala'is refers to young she-camels.
قَالَتْ خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي تِجَارَةٍ إِلَى بُصْرَى قَبْلَ مَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ بِعَامٍ وَمَعَهُ نُعَيْمَانُ وَسُوَيْبِطُ بْنُ حَرْمَلَةَ وَكَانَا شَهِدَا بَدْرًا وَكَانَ نُعَيْمَانُ عَلَى الزَّادِ وَكَانَ سُوَيْبِطٌ رَجُلاً مَزَّاحًا فَقَالَ لِنُعَيْمَانَ أَطْعِمْنِي .
The Arabic names Suwaybit ibn Harmalah, singular, while the witness calls both men ‘the sons of Harmalah.’
Should the kinship be kept as the singular name Suwaybit ibn Harmalah?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that ‘Ali ibn Muhammad said: Waki‘ narrated to us, from Shu‘bah, from Abu al-Tayyah, who said: ‘I heard Anas ibn Malik say: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would spend time with us so warmly that he would say to a little brother of mine, “Abu ‘Umayr, what happened to the little bird?”’ Waki‘ explained: ‘It was a bird he used to play with.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Nughayr is a diminutive form used as the bird's name; Waki‘ identifies it as a bird the child used to play with.
Chapter 25
نَتْفِ الشَّيْبِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: ‘Abdah ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, from ‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade plucking out gray hairs and said: “They are the believer’s light.”’
Chapter 26
الْجُلُوسِ بَيْنَ الظِّلِّ وَالشَّمْسِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: Zayd ibn al-Hubab narrated to us, from Abu al-Munib, from Ibn Buraydah, from his father, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade sitting between the shade and the sun.
Chapter 27
النَّهْىِ عَنِ الاِضْطِجَاعِ، عَلَى الْوَجْهِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah said: al-Walid ibn Muslim narrated to us, from al-Awza‘i, from Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, from Qays ibn Tikhfah al-Ghifari, from his father, who said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) found me sleeping in the mosque on my stomach. He nudged me with his foot and said, “What is this way of sleeping? This is a kind of sleep that Allah dislikes—or detests.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
قَالَ أَصَابَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ نَائِمًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ عَلَى بَطْنِي فَرَكَضَنِي بِرِجْلِهِ وَقَالَ " مَا لَكَ وَلِهَذَا النَّوْمِ هَذِهِ نَوْمَةٌ يَكْرَهُهَا اللَّهُ أَوْ يُبْغِضُهَا اللَّهُ " .
The Arabic gives two alternatives: yakrahuha Allah (‘Allah dislikes it’) or yubghiḍuha Allah (‘Allah detests it’).
Should both strength levels remain visible in translation?
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Ya‘qub ibn Humayd ibn Kasib said: Isma‘il ibn ‘Abdullah narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Nu‘aym ibn ‘Abdullah al-Mujammir narrated to us, from his father, from Ibn Tikhfah al-Ghifari, from Abu Dharr, who said: ‘The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by me while I was lying on my stomach. He nudged me with his foot and said, “O Junaydib, this is how the people of Hell lie.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Junaydib is a diminutive form of the name Jundub.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Ya‘qub ibn Humayd ibn Kasib said: Salamah ibn Raja’ narrated to us, from al-Walid ibn Jamil al-Dimashqi, who heard al-Qasim ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman narrating from Abu Umamah, who said: ‘The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a man sleeping in the mosque, lying face down. He struck him with his foot and said, “Get up and sit up, for this is a hellish way to sleep.”’
Chapter 28
تَعَلُّمِ النُّجُومِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Yahya ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, from ‘Ubaydullah ibn al-Akhnas, from al-Walid ibn ‘Abdullah, from Yusuf ibn Mahak, from Ibn ‘Abbas, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Whoever acquires knowledge from the stars has acquired a branch of magic; the more he increases in it, the more he increases in that.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic uses the general expression ‘knowledge from the stars’; it does not further specify the type of practice in this wording.
Chapter 29
النَّهْىِ عَنْ سَبِّ الرِّيحِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Yahya ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, from al-Awza‘i, from al-Zuhri, who narrated to us: Thabit al-Zuraqi, from Abu Hurayrah, said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Do not curse the wind, for it is from the mercy of Allah; it brings mercy and punishment. Rather, ask Allah for its good and seek refuge in Allah from its harm.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic says that the wind brings mercy and punishment; it does not specify rain, breezes, or destruction.
قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " لاَ تَسُبُّوا الرِّيحَ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ تَأْتِي بِالرَّحْمَةِ وَالْعَذَابِ وَلَكِنْ سَلُوا اللَّهَ مِنْ خَيْرِهَا وَتَعَوَّذُوا بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَرِّهَا " .
The witness adds explanatory examples such as rain and breezes and renders ‘punishment’ as destruction; these specifics are not stated in the Arabic wording.
Should those explanatory examples be handled separately from the translation?
Chapter 30
مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ مِنَ الأَسْمَاءِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Khalid ibn Makhlad narrated to us; al-‘Umari narrated to us, from Nafi‘, from Ibn ‘Umar, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: ‘The most beloved names to Allah, Mighty and Majestic, are ‘Abdullah and ‘Abd al-Rahman.’
Chapter 31
مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الأَسْمَاءِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Nasr ibn ‘Ali said: Abu Ahmad narrated to us; Sufyan narrated to us, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, from ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘If I live, Allah willing, I will certainly forbid people from naming [their children] Rabah, Najih, Aflah, Nafi‘, or Yasar.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
These are personal names with positive meanings: profit, successful, more successful, beneficial, and ease/prosperity.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: al-Mu‘tamir ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from al-Rukayn, from his father, from Samurah, who said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade us to give those under our authority four names: Aflah, Nafi‘, Rabah, and Yasar.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Raqiq refers to enslaved people in the historical context of this report.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Hashim ibn al-Qasim narrated to us; Abu ‘Aqil narrated to us; Mujalid ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, from al-Sha‘bi, from Masruq, who said: ‘I met ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab. He asked, “Who are you?” I replied, “Masruq ibn al-Ajda‘.” ‘Umar said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘Al-Ajda‘ is a devil.’”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Al-Ajda‘ is preserved as a name in Masruq's lineage and repeated in the saying; the wording may reflect a disparaged name or its meaning.
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقُولُ " الأَجْدَعُ شَيْطَانٌ " .
Al-Ajda‘ is both part of Masruq's name and the subject of the statement ‘is a devil’; the report gives no further explanation.
Is this a criticism of the name's meaning, rather than a reference to a person?
Chapter 32
تَغْيِيرِ الأَسْمَاءِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Ghundar narrated to us, from Shu‘bah, from ‘Ata ibn Abi Maymunah, who said: ‘I heard Abu Rafi‘ narrating from Abu Hurayrah that Zaynab had been named Barrah. It was said to her, “You are declaring yourself pure,” so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) named her Zaynab.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Barrah can mean pious or virtuous; the report links the name with self-praise or declaring oneself pure.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: al-Hasan ibn Musa narrated to us; Hammad ibn Salamah narrated to us, from ‘Ubaydullah, from Nafi‘, from Ibn ‘Umar, that a daughter of ‘Umar had been called ‘Asiyah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) named her Jamila.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
‘Asiyah means disobedient; Jamila means beautiful.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Yahya ibn Ya‘la Abu al-Muhayyah narrated to us, from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Umayr, from a nephew of ‘Abdullah ibn Salam, from ‘Abdullah ibn Salam, who said: ‘I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and my name was not ‘Abdullah ibn Salam. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) named me ‘Abdullah ibn Salam.’
Chapter 33
الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَ اسْمِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ وَكُنْيَتِهِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah said: Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Muhammad, who said: ‘I heard Abu Hurayrah say: Abu al-Qasim (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Use my name, but do not use my kunyah.”’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Kunyah is an Arabic honorific name formed with Abu (‘father of’) or Umm (‘mother of’); the Prophet's kunyah was Abu al-Qasim.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
It was narrated that Abu Bakr said: Abu Mu‘awiyah narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Sufyan, from Jabir, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Use my name, but do not use my kunyah.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
Kunyah is an Arabic honorific name formed with Abu (‘father of’) or Umm (‘mother of’); the Prophet's kunyah was Abu al-Qasim.