Sunan Ibn Majah
Fasting
كتاب الصيام
Chapter 34
فِي صِيَامِ يَوْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Hisham ibn Ammar narrated to us; Anas ibn Iyad narrated to us; Abdullah ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Laythi narrated to us, from al-Maqburi, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Whoever fasts one day in the path of Allah, Allah will keep his face far from the Fire by seventy years.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source says seventy autumns; ‘seventy years’ conveys the same time measure in English.
Chapter 35
مَا جَاءَ فِي النَّهْىِ عَنْ صِيَامِ، أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Abd al-Rahim ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Amr, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘The days of Mina are days for eating and drinking.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source says ‘the days of Mina’; no number of days is added.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; they said: Waki narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Habib ibn Abi Thabit, from Nafi‘ ibn Jubayr ibn Mut‘im, from Bashir ibn Suhaym, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon during the Days of Tashriq and said: ‘No soul will enter Paradise except a Muslim soul. These days are days for eating and drinking.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Days of Tashriq are retained as the source’s named days; no dates are supplied.
Chapter 36
فِي النَّهْىِ عَنْ صِيَامِ، يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ وَالأَضْحَى
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Yahya ibn Ya‘la al-Taymi narrated to us, from Abd al-Malik ibn Umayr, from Qaza‘ah, from Abu Sa‘id, from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), that he forbade fasting on the day of al-Fitr and the day of al-Adha.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Sahl ibn Abi Sahl narrated to us; Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Abu Ubayd, who said: I attended the Eid prayer with Umar ibn al-Khattab. He began with the prayer before the sermon and said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting on these two days: the day of al-Fitr and the day of al-Adha. The day of al-Fitr is the day on which you break your fast after fasting, and the day of al-Adha is a day when you eat from the meat of your sacrificial offering.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source describes the prayer as preceding the sermon and distinguishes the two feast days by what is done on each.
Chapter 37
فِي صِيَامِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Abu Muawiyah and Hafs ibn Ghiyath narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting on Friday unless it is accompanied by a day before it or a day after it.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The alternative—fasting a day before Friday or a day after it—is retained as stated.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Hisham ibn Ammar narrated to us; Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Abd al-Hamid ibn Jubayr ibn Shaybah, from Muhammad ibn Abbad ibn Ja‘far, who said: While I was circumambulating the House, I asked Jabir ibn Abdullah, ‘Did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbid fasting on Friday?’ He said, ‘Yes, by the Lord of this House.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
‘This House’ follows the Arabic wording of Jabir’s oath; no name is substituted.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ishaq ibn Mansur informed us; Abu Dawud informed us; Shayban narrated to us, from Asim, from Zirr, from Abdullah ibn Mas‘ud, who said: I rarely saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) break his fast on a Friday.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source is rendered as a report of what Ibn Mas‘ud rarely saw; no reason or ruling is added.
Chapter 38
مَا جَاءَ فِي صِيَامِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Isa ibn Yunus narrated to us, from Thawr ibn Yazid, from Khalid ibn Ma‘dan, from Abdullah ibn Busr, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Do not fast on Saturday, except for what has been made obligatory upon you. If one of you finds nothing except a grape stem or the bark of a tree, let him suck it.’
Humayd ibn Mas‘adah narrated to us; Sufyan ibn Habib narrated to us, from Thawr ibn Yazid, from Khalid ibn Ma‘dan, from Abdullah ibn Busr, from his sister, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said something similar.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The second route is retained separately and says that the Prophet related something similar; it does not repeat the full wording.
The source’s examples ‘a grape stem’ and ‘the bark of a tree’ are translated without further explanation.
Chapter 39
صِيَامِ الْعَشْرِ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; Abu Muawiyah narrated to us, from al-A‘mash, from Muslim al-Batin, from Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘There are no days in which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allah than these days’—meaning the ten. They said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, not even striving in the path of Allah?’ He said, ‘Not even striving in the path of Allah, except for a man who goes out with his person and his wealth and returns with nothing of that.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source itself explains ‘these days’ as ‘the ten’; no further calendar reference is added.
The exception is translated as stated without supplying an outcome for the person or his wealth.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Umar ibn Shabbah ibn Ubaydah narrated to us; Mas‘ud ibn Wasil narrated to us, from al-Nahhas ibn Qahm, from Qatadah, from Sa‘id ibn al-Musayyab, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘There are no days in this world during which worship of Allah, Glorified is He, is more beloved to Him than during the ten days. Fasting one day in them equals fasting for a year, and a night in them is like the Night of Decree.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source refers to ‘the ten days’ without naming a month, and the translation leaves them unnamed.
The final comparison is rendered as ‘a night in them is like the Night of Decree’ without specifying the form of worship during that night.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Hannad ibn al-Sari narrated to us; Abu al-Ahwas narrated to us, from Mansur, from Ibrahim, from al-Aswad, from Aishah, who said: I never saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fast the ten days.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The report says only ‘the ten days’; no month is named in this wording.
Chapter 40
صِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ahmad ibn Abdah narrated to us; Hammad ibn Zayd informed us; Ghaylan ibn Jarir narrated to us, from Abdullah ibn Ma‘bad al-Zimmani, from Abu Qatadah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Fasting on the Day of Arafah—I hope for Allah’s reward that it will expiate the year before it and the year after it.’
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Hisham ibn Ammar narrated to us; Yahya ibn Hamzah narrated to us, from Ishaq ibn Abdullah, from Iyad ibn Abdullah, from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri, from Qatadah ibn al-Nu‘man, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘Whoever fasts on the Day of Arafah will be granted forgiveness for a year before him and a year after him.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The Arabic names the two years but does not explicitly state ‘sins’ as the object of forgiveness.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; they said: Waki‘ narrated to us; Hawshab ibn Aqil narrated to me; Mahdi al-Abdi narrated to me, from Ikrimah, who said: I entered Abu Hurayrah’s house and asked him about fasting on the Day of Arafah at Arafat. Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting on the Day of Arafah at Arafat.
Chapter 41
صِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Yazid ibn Harun narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Dhi’b, from al-Zuhri, from Urwah, from Aishah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to fast on Ashura and command that it be fasted.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Sahl ibn Abi Sahl narrated to us; Sufyan ibn Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ayyub, from Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to Medina and found the Jews fasting. He asked, ‘What is this?’ They said, ‘This is a day on which Allah saved Musa and drowned Pharaoh, so Musa fasted it in gratitude.’ The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, ‘We have more right to Musa than you.’ So he fasted it and commanded that it be fasted.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source describes the day without naming it here.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Muhammad ibn Fudayl narrated to us, from Husayn, from al-Sha‘bi, from Muhammad ibn Sayfi, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to us on the Day of Ashura: ‘Has anyone among you eaten today?’ We said, ‘Some of us have eaten, and some have not.’ He said, ‘Then let both those who have eaten and those who have not eaten complete the remainder of the day. Send word to the people of the surrounding area so that they too may complete the remainder of their day.’ The narrator said: He meant the people in the area around Medina.
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The source itself explains ahl al-‘urud as the people around Medina.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us; Waki‘ narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Dhi’b, from al-Qasim ibn Abbas, from Abdullah ibn Umayr, the freedman of Ibn Abbas, from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘If I remain until next year, I will surely fast the ninth day.’ Abu Ali said: Ahmad ibn Yunus transmitted it from Ibn Abi Dhi’b, adding: ‘for fear that he might miss Ashura.’
Notes and open questions — unreviewed
The wording of Abu Ali’s added explanatory phrase has an implicit subject; the translation preserves that without supplying one.
Unreviewed translation. All hadiths in this collection are available in five languages. Titles and introductions may remain in Arabic.
Muhammad ibn Rumh narrated to us; al-Layth ibn Sa‘d informed us, from Nafi‘, from Abdullah ibn Umar, that Ashura was mentioned in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: ‘It was a day that the people of the Age of Ignorance used to fast. Whoever among you wishes to fast it, let him fast it; and whoever dislikes it, let him leave it.’